The Hunter of the Prairies

William Cullen Bryant (1794–1878) · 1821–1876

iambic tetrameter · ABABCDCD · 56 lines · from Poems

Ay, this is freedom!--these pure skiesWere never stained with village smoke:The fragrant wind, that through them flies,Is breathed from wastes by plough unbroke.Here, with my rifle and my steed,And her who left the world for me,I plant me, where the red deer feedIn the green desert--and am free.

For here the fair savannas knowNo barriers in the bloomy grass;Wherever breeze of heaven may blow,Or beam of heaven may glance, I pass.In pastures, measureless as air,The bison is my noble game;The bounding elk, whose antlers tearThe branches, falls before my aim.

Mine are the river-fowl that screamFrom the long stripe of waving sedge;The bear that marks my weapon's gleam,Hides vainly in the forest's edge;In vain the she-wolf stands at bay;The brinded catamount, that liesHigh in the boughs to watch his prey,Even in the act of springing, dies.

With what free growth the elm and planeFling their huge arms across my way,Gray, old, and cumbered with a trainOf vines, as huge, and old, and gray!Free stray the lucid streams, and findNo taint in these fresh lawns and shades;Free spring the flowers that scent the windWhere never scythe has swept the glades.

Alone the Fire, when frost-winds sereThe heavy herbage of the ground,Gathers his annual harvest here,With roaring like the battle's sound,And hurrying flames that sweep the plain,And smoke-streams gushing up the sky:I meet the flames with flames again,And at my door they cower and die.

Here, from dim woods, the aged pastSpeaks solemnly; and I beholdThe boundless future in the vastAnd lonely river, seaward rolled.Who feeds its founts with rain and dew;Who moves, I ask, its gliding mass,And trains the bordering vines, whose blueBright clusters tempt me as I pass?

Broad are these streams--my steed obeys,Plunges, and bears me through the tide.Wide are these woods--I thread the mazeOf giant stems, nor ask a guide.I hunt till day's last glimmer diesO'er woody vale and grassy height;And kind the voice and glad the eyesThat welcome my return at night.

Words in this poem

steed n.
A horse, especially a spirited horse for state of war; -- used chiefly in poetry or stately prose. [OE. stede, AS. steda a stud-horse, war horse, fr. stod a stud of breeding steeds; akin to G. stute a mare, Icel. stedda, sto, a stud. *163. See Stud of horses.]
bloomy a.
Full of bloom; flowery; flourishing with the vigor of youth; as, a bloomy spray.
wherever adv.
At or in whatever place; wheresoever.
measureless a.
Without measure; unlimited; immeasurable.
brinded a.
Of a gray or tawny color with streaks of darker hue; streaked; brindled. [Cf. Icel. bröndottr brindled, fr. brandr brand; and OE. bernen, brinnen, to burn. See Brand, Burn.]
catamount n.
The cougar. Applied also, in some parts of the United States, to the lynx. [Cat + mount; cf. Sp. gato mentes mountain cat.]
sere n.
Claw; talon. Chapman. [F. serre.]
seaward a.
Directed or situated toward the sea. Donne.
maze n.
A wild fancy; a confused notion. [OE. mase; cf. OE. masen to confuse, puzzle, Norweg. masast to fall into a slumber, masa to be continually busy, prate, chatter, Icel. masa to chatter, dial. Sw.]
vale n.
A tract of low ground, or of land between hills; a valley. [OE. val, F. val, L. vallis; perhaps akin to Gr. Avalanche, Vail to lower, Valley.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The Hunter of the Prairies is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems by William Cullen Bryant, Project Gutenberg ebook #16341; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: William Cullen Bryant, The Hunter of the Prairies, in Poems (1821–1876), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #16341, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/bryant-poems/the-hunter-of-the-prairies.html, id L07343.

Form and metre

The Hunter of the Prairies is 56 lines in 7 stanzas of 8 lines each. Every stanza rhymes ABABCDCD. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 91%). 96% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 8.2 syllables. 1 line ends on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 32% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABABCDCD skiesA · smokeB · fliesA · unbrokeB · steedC · meD · feedC · freeD
  2. 2 ABABCDCD knowA · grassB · blowA · passB · airC · gameD · tearC · aimD
  3. 3 ABABCDCD screamA · sedgeB · gleamA · edgeB · bayC · liesD · preyC · diesD
  4. 4 ABABCDCD planeA · wayB · trainA · grayB · findC · shadesD · windC · gladesD
  5. 5 ABABCDCD sereA · groundB · hereA · soundB · plainC · skyD · againC · dieD
  6. 6 ABABCDCD pastA · beholdB · vastA · rolledB · dewC · massD · blueC · passD
  7. 7 ABABCDCD obeysA · tideB · mazeA · guideB · diesC · heightD · eyesC · nightD
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Ay, this is freedom!--these pure skies8···/˘···
Were never stained with village smoke:9·/˘·˘·/˘·
The fragrant wind, that through them flies,8·/˘·····
Is breathed from wastes by plough unbroke.9··˘······
Here, with my rifle and my steed,8···/˘···
And her who left the world for me,8········
I plant me, where the red deer feed8········
In the green desert--and am free.8···/˘···
For here the fair savannas know8····˘/˘·
No barriers in the bloomy grass;9·/˘˘··/˘·
Wherever breeze of heaven may blow,9˘/˘··/˘··
Or beam of heaven may glance, I pass.9···/˘····
In pastures, measureless as air,8·/˘/˘˘··
The bison is my noble game;8·/˘··/˘·
The bounding elk, whose antlers tear8·/˘··/˘·
The branches, falls before my aim.8·/˘·····
Mine are the river-fowl that scream8···/˘···
From the long stripe of waving sedge;8·····/˘·
The bear that marks my weapon's gleam,8·····/˘·
Hides vainly in the forest's edge;8·/˘··/˘·
In vain the she-wolf stands at bay;8········
The brinded catamount, that lies8·/˘/˘···
High in the boughs to watch his prey,8········
Even in the act of springing, dies.9/˘····/˘·
With what free growth the elm and plane8········
Fling their huge arms across my way,8····˘/··
Gray, old, and cumbered with a train9···/˘˘···
Of vines, as huge, and old, and gray!8········
Free stray the lucid streams, and find8···/˘···
No taint in these fresh lawns and shades;8········
Free spring the flowers that scent the wind9···/˘····
Where never scythe has swept the glades.8·/˘·····
Alone the Fire, when frost-winds sere9˘/·/˘····
The heavy herbage of the ground,8·/˘/˘···
Gathers his annual harvest here,9/˘·/˘˘/˘·
With roaring like the battle's sound,8·/˘··/˘·
And hurrying flames that sweep the plain,9·/˘˘·····
And smoke-streams gushing up the sky:8···/˘···
I meet the flames with flames again,8······˘/
And at my door they cower and die.9·····/˘··
Here, from dim woods, the aged past7·······
Speaks solemnly; and I behold8·/˘˘··˘/
The boundless future in the vast8·/˘/˘···
And lonely river, seaward rolled.9·/˘/˘/˘·˘
Who feeds its founts with rain and dew;8········
Who moves, I ask, its gliding mass,8·····/˘·
And trains the bordering vines, whose blue9···/˘˘···
Bright clusters tempt me as I pass?8·/˘·····
Broad are these streams--my steed obeys,8······˘/
Plunges, and bears me through the tide.8/˘······
Wide are these woods--I thread the maze8········
Of giant stems, nor ask a guide.8·/˘·····
I hunt till day's last glimmer dies8·····/˘·
O'er woody vale and grassy height;8·/˘··/˘·
And kind the voice and glad the eyes8········
That welcome my return at night.8·/˘·˘/··

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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