Canto Seventh
Midnight--Valdivia's tent--Missionary--March to the ValleyArauco--First sight of assembled Indians.
The watchman on the tower his bugle blew,And swelling to the morn the streamers flew;The rampart-guns a dread alarum gave,Smoke rolled, and thunder echoed o'er the wave;When, starting from his couch, Valdivia cried,What tidings? Of the tribes! a scout replied;Ev'n now, prepared thy bulwarks to assail,Their gathering numbers darken all the vale!Valdivia called to the attendant youth,Philip, he cried, belike thy words have truth;The formidable host, by holy James,Might well appal our priests and city dames!Dost thou not fear? Nay--dost thou not reply?Now by the rood, and all the saints on high,I hold it sin that thou shouldst lift thy handAgainst thy brothers in thy native land!But, as thou saidst, those mighty enemiesMe and my feeble legions would despise.Yes, by our holy lady, thou shalt ride,Spectator of their prowess, by my side!Come life, come death, our battle shall displayIts ensigns to the earliest beam of day!With louder summons ring the rampart-bell,And haste the shriving father from his cell;A soldier's heart rejoices in alarms:And let the trump at midnight sound to arms!And now, obedient to the chief's commands,The gray-haired priest before the soldier stands.Father, Valdivia cried, fierce are our foes,--The last event of war GOD only knows;--Let mass be sung; father, this very nightI would attend the high and holy rite.Yet deem not that I doubt of victory,Or place defeat or death before mine eye;It blenches not! But, whatsoe'er befall,Good father, I would part in peace with all.So, tell Lautaro--his ingenuous mindPerhaps may grieve, if late I seemed unkind:--Hear my heart speak, though far from virtue's wayAmbition's lure hath led my steps astray,No wanton exercise of barbarous powerHarrows my shrinking conscience at this hour.If hasty passions oft my spirit fire,They flash a moment and the next expire;Lautaro knows it. There is somewhat more:I would not, here--here, on this distant shore(Should they, the Indian multitudes, prevail,And this good sword and these firm sinews fail)Amid my deadly enemies be found,"Unhouseled, ananealed," upon the ground,A dying man;--thy look, thy reverend age,Might save my poor remains from barb'rous rage;And thou may'st pay the last sad obsequies,O'er the heaped earth where a brave soldier lies:--So GOD be with thee!By the torches' light,The slow procession moves; the solemn riteIs chanted: through the aisles and arches dim,At intervals, is heard the imploring hymn.Now all is still, that only you might hear--(The tall and slender tapers burning clear,Whose light Anselmo's palid brow illumes,Now glances on the mailed soldier's plumes)Hear, sounding far, only the iron tread,That echoed through the cloisters of the dead.Dark clouds are wandering o'er the heaven's wide way;Now from the camp, at times, a horse's neighBreaks on the ear; and on the rampart heightThe sentinel proclaims the middle watch of night.By the dim taper's solitary ray,Tired, in his tent, the sovereign soldier lay.Meantime, as shadowy dreams arise, he roams'Mid bright pavilions and imperial domes,Where terraces, and battlements, and towers,Glisten in air o'er rich romantic bowers.Sudden the visionary pomp is past;The vacant court sounds to the moaning blast;A dismal vault appears, where, with swoll'n eyes,As starting from their orbs, a dead man lies.It is Almagro's corse!--roll on, ye drums,Lo! where the great, the proud Pizarro comes!Her gold, her richest gems, let Fortune strewBefore the mighty conqueror of Peru!Ah, turn, and see a dagger in his hand--With ghastly look--see the assassin stand!Pizarro falls;--he welters in his gore!Lord of the western world, art thou no more!Valdivia, hark!--it was another groan!Another shadow comes, it is thy own!Ah, bind not thus his arms!--give, give him breath!Wipe from his bleeding brow those damps of death!Valdivia, starting, woke. He is alone:The taper in his tent yet dimly shone.Lautaro, haste! he cried; Lautaro, saveThy dying master! Ah! is this the brave,The haughty victor? Hush, the dream is past!The early trumpets ring the second blast!Arm, arm! Ev'n now, the impatient charger neighs!Again, from tent to tent the trumpet brays!By torch-light, then, Valdivia gave command,Haste, let Del Oro take a chosen band,With watchful caution, on his fleetest steed,A troop observant on the heights to lead.Now beautiful, beneath the heaven's gray arch,Appeared the main battalion's moving march;The banner of the cross was borne before,And next, with aspect sad, and tresses hoar,The holy man went thoughtfully and pressedA crucifix, in silence, to his breast.Valdivia, all in burnished steel arrayed,Upon whose crest the morn's effulgence played,Majestic reined his steed, and seemed alone,Worthy the southern world's imperial throne.His features through the barred casque that glow,His pole-axe pendent from the saddle-bow;His dazzling armour, and the glitter brightOf his drawn sabre, in the orient light,Speak him not, now, for knightly tournamentArrayed, but on emprise of prowess bent,And deeds of deadly strife. In blooming pride,The attendant youth rode, pensive, by his side.Their pennoned lances, waving in the wind,Two hundred clanking horsemen tramped behind,In iron harness clad. The bugles blew,And high in air the sanguine ensigns flew.The arbalastersj next, with cross-bows slung,Marched, whilst the plumed Moors their cymbals swung.Auxiliar-Indians here, a various train.With spears and bows, darkened the distant plain;Drums rolled, and fifes re-echoed shrill and clear,At intervals, as near and yet more near,While flags and intermingled halberds shine,The long battalion drew its passing line.Last rolled the heavy guns, a sable tier,By Indians drawn, with matchmen in the rear;And many a straggling mule and sumpter-trainClosed the embattled order on the plain,Till nought beneath the azure sky appearsBut the projecting points of scarce-discovered spears,Slow up the hill, with floating vapours hoar,Or by the blue lake's long retiring shore,Now seen distinct, through the disparting haze,The glittering file its bannered length displays;Now winding from the woods, again appearsThe moving line of matchlocks and of spears.Part seen, part lost; the long illustrious marchCircling the swamp, now draws its various arch;And seems, as on it moves, meandering slow,A radiant segment of a living bow.Five days the Spaniards, trooping in array,O'er plains and headlands, held their eastern way.On the sixth early dawn, with shuddering aweAnd horror, in the last defile they sawTen pendent heads, from which the gore still run,All gashed, and grim, and blackening in the sun.These were the gallant troop that passed before,The Indians' vast encampment to explore,Led by Del Oro, now with many a woundPierced, and a headless trunk upon the ground.The horses startled, as they tramped in blood;The troops a moment half-recoiling stood.But boots not now to pause, or to retire;Valdivia's eye flashed with indignant fire:Follow! he cried, brave comrades, to the hill!And instant shouts the pealing valley fill.And now, up to the hill's ascending crest,With animated look and beating breast,He urged his steed; when, wide beneath his eye,He saw, in long expanse, Arauco's valley lie.Far as the labouring sight could stretch its glance,One undulating mass of club and lance,One animated surface seemed to fillThe many-stirring scene from hill to hill:To the deep mass he pointed with his sword,Banner, advance! give out "Castile!" the word.Instant the files advance, the trumpets bray,And now the host in terrible array,Ranged on the heights that overlook the plain,Has halted!But the task were long and vainTo tell what nations, from the seas that roarRound Patagonia's melancholy shore;From forests, brown with everlasting shades;From rocks of sunshine, white with prone cascades;From snowy summits, where the Llama roams,Oft bending o'er the cataract as it foams;From streams whose bridges tremble from the steep;From lakes, in summer's sweetest light asleep;Indians, of sullen brow and giant limb,With clubs terrific, and with aspects grim,Flocked fearless.When they saw the Spanish lineArrayed, and front to front, descending shine,Burst, instant burst, the universal cry,(Ten thousand spears uplifted to the sky)--Tyrants, we come to conquer or to die!Grim Mariantu led the Indian forceA-left; and, rushing to the foremost horse,Hurled with unerring aim the involving thong,Then fearless sprang amidst the mailed throng.Valdivia saw the horse, entangled, reel,And shouting, as he rode, Castile! Castile!Led on the charge: like a descending flood,It swept, till every spur was black with blood.His force a-right, where Harratomac led,A thousand spears went hissing overhead,And feathered arrows, of each varying hue,In glancing arch, beneath the sunbeams flew.Dire was the strife, when ardent TeucapelAdvancing in the front of carnage fell.At once, Ongolmo, Elicura, rushed,And swaying their huge clubs together, crushedHorseman and horse; then bathed their hands in gore,And limb from limb the panting carcase tore.Caupolican, where the main battle bleeds,Hosts and succeeding hosts undaunted leads,Till, torn and shattered by the ceaseless fire,Thousands, with gnashing teeth, and clenched spears, expire.Pierced by a hundred wounds, Ongolmo lies,And grasps his club terrific as he dies.With breathless expectation, on the height,Lautaro watched the long and dubious fight:Pale and resigned the meek man stood, and pressedMore close the holy image to his breast.Now nearer to the fight Lautaro drew,When on the ground a warrior met his view,Upon whose features memory seemed to traceA faint resemblance of his father's face;O'er him a horseman, with collected might,Raised his uplifted sword, in act to smite,When the youth springing on, without a word,Snatched from a soldier's wearied grasp his sword,And smote the horseman through the crest: a yellOf triumph burst, as to the ground he fell.Lautarok shouted, On! brave brothers, on!Scatter them like the snow!--the day is won!Lo, I! Lautarok,--Attacapac's son!The Indians turn: again the battle bleeds,Cleft are the helms and crushed the struggling steeds.The bugle sounds, and faint with toil and heat,Some straggling horsemen to the hills retreat.Stand, brave companions! bold Valdivia cried,And shook his sword, in recent carnage dyed;Oh! droop not--droop not yet--all is not o'er--Brave, faithful friends, one glorious sally more.Where is Lautaro! leaps his willing swordNow to avenge his long-indulgent lord!He waited not for answer, but againSpurred to the centre of the horrid plain.Clubs, arrows, spears, the spot of death inclose,And fainter now the Spanish shouts arose.'Mid ghastly heaps of many a bleeding corse,Lies the caparisoned and dying horse.While still the rushing multitudes assail,Vain is the fiery tube, the twisted mail!The Spanish horsemen faint; long yells resound,As the dragged ensign trails the gory ground:Shout, for the chief is seized!--a thousand criesBurst forth--Valdivia! for the sacrifice!And lo, in silent dignity resigned,The meek Anselmo, led in bonds, behind!His hand upon his breast, young ZarinelAmidst a group of mangled Indians fell;The spear that to his heart a passage foundLeft poor Olola's hair within the wound.Now all is hushed, save where, at times, alone,Deep midnight listens to a distant moan;Save where the condors clamour, overhead,And strike with sounding beaks the helmets of the dead.
Words in this poem 73
- watchman n.
- One set to watch; a person who keeps guard; a guard; a sentinel.
- morn n.
- The first part of the day; the morning; -- used chiefly in poetry. [OE. morwen, morgen, AS. morgen; akin to D. morgen, OS. morgan, G. morgen, Icel. morginn, morgunn, Sw. morgon, Dan. morgen, Goth. maúrgins. Cf. Morrow, Morning.]
- vale n.
- A tract of low ground, or of land between hills; a valley. [OE. val, F. val, L. vallis; perhaps akin to Gr. Avalanche, Vail to lower, Valley.]
- belike adv.
- It is likely or probably; perhaps. -- Be*like"ly, adv. [Pref. be- (for by) + like.]
- rood n.
- A representation in sculpture or in painting of the cross with Christ hanging on it. [AS. rr, D. roede rod, G. ruthe, rute, OHG. ruota. CF. Rod a measure.]
- despise v. t.
- To look down upon with disfavor or contempt; to contemn; to scorn; to disdain; to have a low opinion or contemptuous dislike of. [OF. despis-, in some forms of despire to despise, fr. L. despicere, despectum, to look down upon, despise; de- + spicere, specere, to look. See Spy, and cf. Des]
- shalt
- 2d per. sing. of Shall.
- prowess n.
- Distinguished bravery; valor; especially, military bravery and skill; gallantry; intrepidity; fearlessness. Chaucer. Sir P. Sidney. [OF. proece, proesce, F. prouesse. See Prow, a.]
- shall v. i.
- To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
- shriving n.
- Shrift; confession.
- deem v. t.
- To decide; to judge; to sentence; to condemn. [OE. demen to judge, condemn, AS. d, fr. d doom; akin to OFries. d, OS. ad, D. doemen, OHG. tuommen, Icel. dæma, Sw. dömma, Dan. dömme, Goth. d. See Doom, n., an]
- defeat v. t.
- To undo; to disfigure; to destroy. [From F. défait, OF. desfait, p. p. ofe défaire, OF. desfaire, to undo; L. dis- + facere to do. See Feat, Fact, and cf. Disfashion.]
- ingenuous a.
- Of honorable extraction; freeborn; noble; as, ingenuous blood of birth. [L. ingenuus inborn, innate, freeborn, noble, frank; pref. in- in + the root of gignere to beget. See Genius, and cf. Ingenious.]
- unkind a.
- Having no race or kindred; childless. [See Kin kindred.]
- conscience n.
- Knowledge of one's own thoughts or actions; consciousness. [F. conscience, fr. L. conscientia, fr. consciens, p.pr. of conscire to know, to be conscious; con- + scire to know. See Science.]
- amid prep.
- In the midst or middle of; surrounded or encompassed by; among. [OE. amidde, amiddes, on midden, AS. on middan, in the middle, fr. midde the middle. The s is an adverbial ending, originally marking the genitive; the t is a la]
- unhouseled a.
- Not having received the sacrament.
- reverend a.
- Worthy of reverence; entitled to respect mingled with fear and affection; venerable. [F. révérend, L. reverendus, fr. revereri. See Revere.]
- imploring a.
- That implores; beseeching; entreating.
- mailed a.
- Protected by an external coat, or covering, of scales or plates.
- dismal a.
- Fatal; ill-omened; unlucky. [Formerly a noun; e. g., "I trow it was in the dismalle." Chaucer. Of uncertain origin; but perh. (as suggested by Skeat) from OF. disme, F. dîme, tithe, the phr]
- corse n.
- A living body or its bulk. [OF. cors, F. corps. See Corpse.]
- dimly adv.
- In a dim or obscure manner; not brightly or clearly; with imperfect sight.
- haughty a.
- High; lofty; bold. [OE. hautein, F. hautain, fr. haut high, OF. also halt, fr. L. altus. See Altitude.]
- trumpets n.
- A plant (Sarracenia flava) with long, hollow leaves.
- charger n.
- One who, or that which charges.
- steed n.
- A horse, especially a spirited horse for state of war; -- used chiefly in poetry or stately prose. [OE. stede, AS. steda a stud-horse, war horse, fr. stod a stud of breeding steeds; akin to G. stute a mare, Icel. stedda, sto, a stud. *163. See Stud of horses.]
- hoar v. t.
- To become moldy or musty. [AS. harian to grow gray.]
- went n.
- Course; way; path; journey; direction.
- crucifix n.
- A representation in art of the figure of Christ upon the cross; esp., the sculptured figure affixed to a real cross of wood, ivory, metal, or the like, used by the Roman Catholics in their devotions. [F. crucifix or LL. crucifixum, fr. L. crux, crucis, cross + figere, fixum, to fix. See Cross, and Fix, and cf. Crucify.]
- effulgence n.
- The state of being effulgent; extreme brilliancy; a flood of light; great luster or brightness; splendor.
- casque n.
- A piece of defensive or ornamental armor (with or without a vizor) for the head and neck; a helmet. [F. casque, fr. Sp. casco See Cask.]
- armour n.
- Defensive arms for the body; any clothing or covering worn to protect one's person in battle. [OE. armure, fr. F. armure, OF. armeure, fr. L. armatura. See Armature.]
- sabre n.
- A sword with a broad and heavy blade, thick at the back, and usually more or less curved like a scimiter; a cavalry sword. Saber fish, or Sabre fish (Zoöl.), the cutlass fish.
- knightly a.
- Of or pertaining to a knight; becoming a knight; chivalrous; as, a knightly combat; a knightly spirit. [AS. cnihtlic boyish.]
- tournament n.
- A mock fight, or warlike game, formerly in great favor, in which a number of combatants were engaged, as an exhibition of their address and bravery; hence, figuratively, a real battle. [OE. turnement, tornement, OF. torneiement, tornoiement, F. tournoiement a turning or wheeling round. See Tourney.]
- emprise n.
- An enterprise; endeavor; adventure. [OF. emprise, fr. emprendre to undertake; pref. em- (L. in) + F. prendre to take, L. prehendere, prendere; prae before + a verb akin to E. get. See Get, and cf. ]
- strife n.
- The act of striving; earnest endeavor. [OF. estrif. See Strive.]
- rode n.
- Redness; complexion. [See Rud.]
- clad v.
- To clothe. Holland.
- battalion n.
- A body of troops; esp. a body of troops or an army in battle array. [F. bataillon, fr. It. battaglione. See Battalia.]
- sable n.
- A carnivorous animal of the Weasel family (Mustela zibellina) native of the northern latitudes of Europe, Asia, and America, -- noted for its fine, soft, and valuable fur. [OF. sable, F. zibeline sable (in sense 4), LL. sabellum; cf. D. sabel, Dan. sabel, zobel, Sw. sabel, sobel, G. zobel; all fr. Russ. sóbole.]
- straggling a.
- from Straggle, v.
- embattled a.
- Having indentations like a battlement.
- scarce a.
- Not plentiful or abundant; in small quantity in proportion to the demand; not easily to be procured; rare; uncommon. [OE. scars, OF. escars, eschars, LL. scarpsus, for L. excerptus, p. p. of excerpere to pick out, and hence to contract, to shorten; ex (see Ex-) + carpere. See C]
- bannered a.
- Decorated with a banner or banners
- encampment n.
- The act of pitching tents or forming huts, as by an army or traveling company, for temporary lodging or rest.
- explore v. t.
- To seek for or after; to strive to attain by search; to look wisely and carefully for. [L. explorare to explore; ex out+plorare to cry out aloud,prob. orig., to cause to flow; perh. akin to E. flow: cf. F. explorer.]
- headless a.
- Having no head; beheaded; as, a headless body, neck, or carcass. [AS. heáfodleás.]
- indignant a.
- Affected with indignation; wrathful; passionate; irate; feeling wrath, as when a person is exasperated by unworthy or unjust treatment, by a mean action, or by a degrading accusation. [L. indignans, -antis, p. pr. of indignari to be indignant, disdain. See Indign.]
- labouring a.
- That labors; performing labor; esp., performing coarse, heavy work, not requiring skill also, set apart for labor; as, laboring days.
- bray v. t.
- To pound, beat, rub, or grind small or fine. [OE. brayen, OF. breier, F. broyer to pound, grind, fr. OHG. brehhan to break. See Break.]
- sunshine n.
- The light of the sun, or the place where it shines; the direct rays of the sun, the place where they fall, or the warmth and light which they give.
- snowy a.
- White like snow.
- sullen a.
- Lonely; solitary; desolate. Wyclif (Job iii. 14). [OE. solein, solain, lonely, sullen; through Old French fr. (assumed) LL. solanus solitary, fr. L. solus alone. See Sole, a.]
- unerring a.
- Committing no mistake; incapable or error or failure certain; sure; unfailing; as, the unerring wisdom of God.
- amidst prep.
- In the midst or middle of; surrounded or encompassed by; among. [OE. amidde, amiddes, on midden, AS. on middan, in the middle, fr. midde the middle. The s is an adverbial ending, originally marking the genitive; the t is a la]
- glancing a.
- Shooting, as light.
- dire a.
- Ill-boding; portentous; as, dire omens. [L. dirus; of uncertain origin.]
- carnage n.
- Flesh of slain animals or men. [F. carnage, LL. carnaticum tribute of animals, flesh of animals, fr. L. caro, carnis, flesh. See Carnal.]
- rushed a.
- Abounding or covered with rushes.
- tore n.
- The dead grass that remains on mowing land in winter and spring. Mortimer. [Probably from the root of tear; cf. W. tór a break, cut, tóri to break, cut.]
- undaunted a.
- Not daunted; not subdued or depressed by fear.
- ceaseless a.
- Without pause or end; incessant.
- breathless a.
- Spent with labor or violent action; out of breath.
- dubious a.
- Doubtful or not settled in opinion; being in doubt; wavering or fluctuating; undetermined. [L. dubius, dubiosus, fr. duo two. See Two, and cf. Doubt.]
- resigned a.
- Submissive; yielding; not disposed to resist or murmur.
- shook v. t.
- To pack, as staves, in a shook.
- glorious a.
- Exhibiting attributes, qualities, or acts that are worthy of or receive glory; noble; praiseworthy; excellent; splendid; illustrious; inspiring admiration; as, glorious deeds. [OF. glorios, glorious, F. glorieux, fr. L. gloriosus. See Glory, n.]
- centre v. i.
- To be placed in a center; to be central.
- horrid a.
- Rough; rugged; bristling. [L. horridus. See Horror, and cf. Ordure.]
- gory a.
- Covered with gore or clotted blood. [From Gore.]
- clamour n.
- A great outcry or vociferation; loud and continued shouting or exclamation. [OF. clamour, clamur, F. clameur, fr. L. clamor, fr. clamare to cry out. See Claim.]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
Canto Seventh is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poetical Works of William Lisle Bowles, Vol. 1 With Memoir, Critical Dissertation, and Explanatory Notes by George Gilfillan, Project Gutenberg ebook #18915; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: William Lisle Bowles, Canto Seventh, in The Poetical Works, Volume I (1789–1837), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #18915, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/bowles-sonnets/canto-seventh.html, id L10012.
Form and metre
Canto Seventh is 271 lines in 2 verse paragraphs. It is in rhyming couplets, 52% of the lines: heroic couplets. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 88%). 95% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.0 syllables. 13 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 15% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
See other poems in heroic couplets, other poems in iambic pentameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 2 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNNOOPP--QQRRSSTT--UUVVWWXXYY-ZZaabbccddeeffeegghhiihhjjkkllmmnnoonnppqqrrss--ttuuvvwwxx--yyzzAABBCCDDEEFFGGFFHHIIJJKKLLMM--NN--OOPPQQRR--SSTTUUVVWW-XYYZXZaabbccddee-ffggghhii--jjkkll--mmnnoo--ppqqrrssttuu--vv-wwxxyyzz--AA--BBCCDDEE--FF--GGHHII blewA · flewA · gaveB · waveB · criedC · repliedC · assailD · valeD · youthE · truthE · jamesF · damesF · replyG · highG · handH · landH · enemiesI · despiseI · rideJ · sideJ · displayK · dayK · bellL · cellL · alarmsM · armsM · commandsN · standsN · foesO · knowsO · nightP · riteP · victory · eye · befallQ · allQ · mindR · unkindR · wayS · astrayS · powerT · hourT · fire · expire · moreU · shoreU · prevailV · failV · foundW · groundW · ageX · rageX · obsequiesY · liesY · thee · lightZ · riteZ · dima · hymna · hearb · clearb · illumesc · plumesc · treadd · deadd · waye · neighe · heightf · nightf · raye · laye · roamsg · domesg · towersh · bowersh · pasti · blasti · eyesh · liesh · drumsj · comesj · strewk · peruk · handl · standl · gorem · morem · groann · ownn · breatho · deatho · alonen · shonen · savep · bravep · pastq · blastq · neighsr · braysr · commands · bands · steed · lead · archt · marcht · beforeu · hoaru · pressedv · breastv · arrayedw · playedw · alonex · thronex · glow · bow · brighty · lighty · tournamentz · bentz · prideA · sideA · windB · behindB · blewC · flewC · slungD · swungD · trainE · plainE · clearF · nearF · shineG · lineG · tierF · rearF · trainH · plainH · appearsI · spearsI · hoarJ · shoreJ · hazeK · displaysK · appearsL · spearsL · marchM · archM · slow · bow · arrayN · wayN · awe · saw · runO · sunO · beforeP · exploreP · woundQ · groundQ · bloodR · stoodR · retire · fire · hillS · fillS · crestT · breastT · eyeU · lieU · glanceV · lanceV · fillW · hillW · sword · wordX · brayY · arrayY · plainZ · haltedX · vainZ · roara · shorea · shadesb · cascadesb · roamsc · foamsc · steepd · asleepd · limbe · grime · fearless · linef · shinef · cryg · skyg · dieg · forceh · horseh · thongi · throngi · reel · castile · floodj · bloodj · ledk · overheadk · huel · flewl · teucapel · fell · rushedm · crushedm · goren · toren · bleedso · leadso · fire · expire · liesp · diesp · heightq · fightq · pressedr · breastr · drews · views · tracet · facet · mightu · smiteu · word · sword · yellv · fellv · on · wonw · sonw · bleedsx · steedsx · heaty · retreaty · criedz · dyedz · o'er · more · swordA · lordA · again · plain · incloseB · aroseB · corseC · horseC · assailD · mailD · resoundE · groundE · cries · sacrifice · resignedF · behindF · zarinel · fell · foundG · woundG · aloneH · moanH · overheadI · deadI
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| Midnight--Valdivia's tent--Missionary--March to the Valley | 15 | /·˘/˘·/˘·˘···/˘ |
| Arauco--First sight of assembled Indians. | 11 | ······˘/˘/˘ |
| The watchman on the tower his bugle blew, | 10 | ·/˘··/·/˘· |
| And swelling to the morn the streamers flew; | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| The rampart-guns a dread alarum gave, | 10 | ·/˘···˘/˘· |
| Smoke rolled, and thunder echoed o'er the wave; | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| When, starting from his couch, Valdivia cried, | 10 | ·/˘···˘/˘· |
| What tidings? Of the tribes! a scout replied; | 10 | ·/˘·····˘/ |
| Ev'n now, prepared thy bulwarks to assail, | 10 | ··˘/·/˘·˘/ |
| Their gathering numbers darken all the vale! | 10 | ·/˘/˘/˘··· |
| Valdivia called to the attendant youth, | 10 | ˘/˘···˘/˘· |
| Philip, he cried, belike thy words have truth; | 10 | /˘··˘/···· |
| The formidable host, by holy James, | 10 | ·/˘˘˘··/˘· |
| Might well appal our priests and city dames! | 10 | ····/··/˘· |
| Dost thou not fear? Nay--dost thou not reply? | 10 | ········˘/ |
| Now by the rood, and all the saints on high, | 10 | ·········· |
| I hold it sin that thou shouldst lift thy hand | 10 | ·········· |
| Against thy brothers in thy native land! | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| But, as thou saidst, those mighty enemies | 10 | ·····/˘/˘˘ |
| Me and my feeble legions would despise. | 10 | ···/˘/˘·˘/ |
| Yes, by our holy lady, thou shalt ride, | 10 | ··//˘/˘··· |
| Spectator of their prowess, by my side! | 10 | /˘˘··/˘··· |
| Come life, come death, our battle shall display | 10 | ····//˘·˘/ |
| Its ensigns to the earliest beam of day! | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| With louder summons ring the rampart-bell, | 10 | ·/˘/˘··/˘· |
| And haste the shriving father from his cell; | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| A soldier's heart rejoices in alarms: | 10 | ·/˘·˘/˘·˘/ |
| And let the trump at midnight sound to arms! | 10 | ·····/···· |
| And now, obedient to the chief's commands, | 10 | ··˘/˘···˘/ |
| The gray-haired priest before the soldier stands. | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Father, Valdivia cried, fierce are our foes,-- | 10 | /˘˘/˘···/· |
| The last event of war GOD only knows;-- | 10 | ··˘/···/˘· |
| Let mass be sung; father, this very night | 10 | ····/˘·/˘· |
| I would attend the high and holy rite. | 10 | ··˘/···/˘· |
| Yet deem not that I doubt of victory, | 10 | ·······/˘˘ |
| Or place defeat or death before mine eye; | 10 | ··˘/······ |
| It blenches not! But, whatsoe'er befall, | 9 | ·······˘/ |
| Good father, I would part in peace with all. | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| So, tell Lautaro--his ingenuous mind | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| Perhaps may grieve, if late I seemed unkind:-- | 10 | ˘/······˘/ |
| Hear my heart speak, though far from virtue's way | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Ambition's lure hath led my steps astray, | 10 | ˘/˘·····˘/ |
| No wanton exercise of barbarous power | 10 | ·/˘/˘··/˘/ |
| Harrows my shrinking conscience at this hour. | 11 | /˘·/˘/˘··/˘ |
| If hasty passions oft my spirit fire, | 11 | ·/˘/˘··/˘/˘ |
| They flash a moment and the next expire; | 10 | ···/˘···˘/ |
| Lautaro knows it. There is somewhat more: | 10 | ·······//· |
| I would not, here--here, on this distant shore | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| (Should they, the Indian multitudes, prevail, | 10 | ···/˘/˘·˘/ |
| And this good sword and these firm sinews fail) | 10 | ·········· |
| Amid my deadly enemies be found, | 10 | ˘/·/˘/˘˘·· |
| "Unhouseled, ananealed," upon the ground, | 10 | ˘/˘······· |
| A dying man;--thy look, thy reverend age, | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| Might save my poor remains from barb'rous rage; | 10 | ····˘/···· |
| And thou may'st pay the last sad obsequies, | 10 | ·······/˘˘ |
| O'er the heaped earth where a brave soldier lies:-- | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| So GOD be with thee! | 5 | ····· |
| By the torches' light, | 5 | ··/˘· |
| The slow procession moves; the solemn rite | 10 | ··˘/˘··/˘· |
| Is chanted: through the aisles and arches dim, | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| At intervals, is heard the imploring hymn. | 10 | ·/˘···˘/˘· |
| Now all is still, that only you might hear-- | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| (The tall and slender tapers burning clear, | 10 | ···/˘/˘/˘· |
| Whose light Anselmo's palid brow illumes, | 10 | ··˘/˘····· |
| Now glances on the mailed soldier's plumes) | 10 | ·/˘···˘/˘· |
| Hear, sounding far, only the iron tread, | 10 | ·/˘·/˘·/˘· |
| That echoed through the cloisters of the dead. | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| Dark clouds are wandering o'er the heaven's wide way; | 11 | ···/˘··/˘·· |
| Now from the camp, at times, a horse's neigh | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Breaks on the ear; and on the rampart height | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| The sentinel proclaims the middle watch of night. | 11 | ·/˘˘/·/˘··· |
| By the dim taper's solitary ray, | 10 | ···/˘/˘·˘· |
| Tired, in his tent, the sovereign soldier lay. | 10 | /····/˘/˘· |
| Meantime, as shadowy dreams arise, he roams | 10 | /··/˘·˘/·· |
| 'Mid bright pavilions and imperial domes, | 10 | ··˘/˘·˘/˘· |
| Where terraces, and battlements, and towers, | 11 | ·/˘˘·/˘˘·/˘ |
| Glisten in air o'er rich romantic bowers. | 11 | /˘····˘/˘/˘ |
| Sudden the visionary pomp is past; | 10 | /˘·/˘·˘··· |
| The vacant court sounds to the moaning blast; | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| A dismal vault appears, where, with swoll'n eyes, | 10 | ·/˘·˘/···· |
| As starting from their orbs, a dead man lies. | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| It is Almagro's corse!--roll on, ye drums, | 10 | ·········· |
| Lo! where the great, the proud Pizarro comes! | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| Her gold, her richest gems, let Fortune strew | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Before the mighty conqueror of Peru! | 10 | ···/˘/˘·˘/ |
| Ah, turn, and see a dagger in his hand-- | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| With ghastly look--see the assassin stand! | 10 | ·/˘···˘/˘· |
| Pizarro falls;--he welters in his gore! | 10 | ˘/˘··/˘··· |
| Lord of the western world, art thou no more! | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Valdivia, hark!--it was another groan! | 10 | ˘/˘···˘/˘· |
| Another shadow comes, it is thy own! | 10 | ˘/˘/······ |
| Ah, bind not thus his arms!--give, give him breath! | 10 | ·········· |
| Wipe from his bleeding brow those damps of death! | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Valdivia, starting, woke. He is alone: | 10 | ˘/˘/˘···˘/ |
| The taper in his tent yet dimly shone. | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| Lautaro, haste! he cried; Lautaro, save | 10 | ·········· |
| Thy dying master! Ah! is this the brave, | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| The haughty victor? Hush, the dream is past! | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| The early trumpets ring the second blast! | 10 | ·/˘/˘··/˘· |
| Arm, arm! Ev'n now, the impatient charger neighs! | 11 | ·····˘/˘/˘· |
| Again, from tent to tent the trumpet brays! | 10 | ˘/·····/˘· |
| By torch-light, then, Valdivia gave command, | 10 | ····˘/˘·˘/ |
| Haste, let Del Oro take a chosen band, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| With watchful caution, on his fleetest steed, | 10 | ·/˘/˘··/˘· |
| A troop observant on the heights to lead. | 10 | ··˘/˘····· |
| Now beautiful, beneath the heaven's gray arch, | 10 | ·/˘···/˘·· |
| Appeared the main battalion's moving march; | 10 | ˘/··˘/˘/˘· |
| The banner of the cross was borne before, | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| And next, with aspect sad, and tresses hoar, | 10 | ···/···/˘· |
| The holy man went thoughtfully and pressed | 10 | ·/˘··/˘˘·· |
| A crucifix, in silence, to his breast. | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| Valdivia, all in burnished steel arrayed, | 10 | ˘/˘··/˘·˘/ |
| Upon whose crest the morn's effulgence played, | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| Majestic reined his steed, and seemed alone, | 10 | ˘/˘·····˘/ |
| Worthy the southern world's imperial throne. | 10 | /˘·/˘·˘/˘· |
| His features through the barred casque that glow, | 10 | ·/˘···˘··· |
| His pole-axe pendent from the saddle-bow; | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| His dazzling armour, and the glitter bright | 10 | ·/˘/˘··/˘· |
| Of his drawn sabre, in the orient light, | 11 | ···/˘··/˘·· |
| Speak him not, now, for knightly tournament | 10 | ·····/˘/˘˘ |
| Arrayed, but on emprise of prowess bent, | 10 | ˘/··˘/·/˘· |
| And deeds of deadly strife. In blooming pride, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| The attendant youth rode, pensive, by his side. | 11 | ·˘/˘··/˘··· |
| Their pennoned lances, waving in the wind, | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| Two hundred clanking horsemen tramped behind, | 10 | ·/˘/˘/˘··· |
| In iron harness clad. The bugles blew, | 10 | ·/˘/˘··/˘· |
| And high in air the sanguine ensigns flew. | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| The arbalastersj next, with cross-bows slung, | 10 | ·········· |
| Marched, whilst the plumed Moors their cymbals swung. | 10 | ·˘·····/˘· |
| Auxiliar-Indians here, a various train. | 10 | ˘/˘/˘··/˘· |
| With spears and bows, darkened the distant plain; | 10 | ····/˘·/˘· |
| Drums rolled, and fifes re-echoed shrill and clear, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| At intervals, as near and yet more near, | 10 | ·/˘˘······ |
| While flags and intermingled halberds shine, | 10 | ····˘/˘··· |
| The long battalion drew its passing line. | 10 | ··˘/˘··/˘· |
| Last rolled the heavy guns, a sable tier, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| By Indians drawn, with matchmen in the rear; | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| And many a straggling mule and sumpter-train | 10 | ·/·/˘··/˘· |
| Closed the embattled order on the plain, | 10 | ··˘/˘/˘··· |
| Till nought beneath the azure sky appears | 10 | ·····/˘·˘/ |
| But the projecting points of scarce-discovered spears, | 12 | ··˘/˘···˘/˘· |
| Slow up the hill, with floating vapours hoar, | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| Or by the blue lake's long retiring shore, | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| Now seen distinct, through the disparting haze, | 10 | ··˘/······ |
| The glittering file its bannered length displays; | 10 | ·/˘··/˘·˘/ |
| Now winding from the woods, again appears | 10 | ·/˘···˘/˘/ |
| The moving line of matchlocks and of spears. | 10 | ·/˘··/···· |
| Part seen, part lost; the long illustrious march | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| Circling the swamp, now draws its various arch; | 10 | /˘·····/˘· |
| And seems, as on it moves, meandering slow, | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| A radiant segment of a living bow. | 10 | ·/˘/˘··/˘· |
| Five days the Spaniards, trooping in array, | 10 | ···/˘/˘·˘/ |
| O'er plains and headlands, held their eastern way. | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| On the sixth early dawn, with shuddering awe | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| And horror, in the last defile they saw | 10 | ·/˘···˘/·· |
| Ten pendent heads, from which the gore still run, | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| All gashed, and grim, and blackening in the sun. | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| These were the gallant troop that passed before, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| The Indians' vast encampment to explore, | 10 | ·/˘·˘/˘·˘/ |
| Led by Del Oro, now with many a wound | 10 | ···/˘··/·· |
| Pierced, and a headless trunk upon the ground. | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| The horses startled, as they tramped in blood; | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| The troops a moment half-recoiling stood. | 10 | ···/˘·˘/˘· |
| But boots not now to pause, or to retire; | 10 | ········˘/ |
| Valdivia's eye flashed with indignant fire: | 10 | ˘/˘···˘/˘/ |
| Follow! he cried, brave comrades, to the hill! | 10 | /˘···/···· |
| And instant shouts the pealing valley fill. | 10 | ·/˘··/˘/˘· |
| And now, up to the hill's ascending crest, | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| With animated look and beating breast, | 10 | ·/˘·˘··/˘· |
| He urged his steed; when, wide beneath his eye, | 10 | ·········· |
| He saw, in long expanse, Arauco's valley lie. | 12 | ····˘/···/˘· |
| Far as the labouring sight could stretch its glance, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| One undulating mass of club and lance, | 10 | ·/˘·˘····· |
| One animated surface seemed to fill | 10 | ·/˘·˘/˘··· |
| The many-stirring scene from hill to hill: | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| To the deep mass he pointed with his sword, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Banner, advance! give out "Castile!" the word. | 11 | /˘˘/······· |
| Instant the files advance, the trumpets bray, | 10 | /˘··˘/·/˘· |
| And now the host in terrible array, | 10 | ·····/˘˘˘/ |
| Ranged on the heights that overlook the plain, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Has halted! | 3 | ·/˘ |
| But the task were long and vain | 7 | ······· |
| To tell what nations, from the seas that roar | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Round Patagonia's melancholy shore; | 10 | ··˘/˘/˘·˘· |
| From forests, brown with everlasting shades; | 10 | ·/˘···˘/˘· |
| From rocks of sunshine, white with prone cascades; | 10 | ···/····˘/ |
| From snowy summits, where the Llama roams, | 10 | ·/˘/˘··/˘· |
| Oft bending o'er the cataract as it foams; | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| From streams whose bridges tremble from the steep; | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| From lakes, in summer's sweetest light asleep; | 10 | ···/˘/˘·˘/ |
| Indians, of sullen brow and giant limb, | 10 | /˘·/˘··/˘· |
| With clubs terrific, and with aspects grim, | 10 | ··˘/˘··/·· |
| Flocked fearless. | 3 | ·/˘ |
| When they saw the Spanish line | 7 | ····/˘· |
| Arrayed, and front to front, descending shine, | 10 | ˘/····˘/˘· |
| Burst, instant burst, the universal cry, | 10 | ·/˘···˘/˘· |
| (Ten thousand spears uplifted to the sky)-- | 10 | ·/˘·/˘˘··· |
| Tyrants, we come to conquer or to die! | 10 | /˘···/˘··· |
| Grim Mariantu led the Indian force | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| A-left; and, rushing to the foremost horse, | 10 | ···/˘··/·· |
| Hurled with unerring aim the involving thong, | 11 | ··˘/˘··˘/˘· |
| Then fearless sprang amidst the mailed throng. | 10 | ·/˘·˘/··˘· |
| Valdivia saw the horse, entangled, reel, | 10 | ˘/˘···˘/˘· |
| And shouting, as he rode, Castile! Castile! | 12 | ·/˘········· |
| Led on the charge: like a descending flood, | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| It swept, till every spur was black with blood. | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| His force a-right, where Harratomac led, | 10 | ·········· |
| A thousand spears went hissing overhead, | 10 | ·/˘··/˘/˘/ |
| And feathered arrows, of each varying hue, | 10 | ·/˘/˘··/˘· |
| In glancing arch, beneath the sunbeams flew. | 10 | ·/˘····/·· |
| Dire was the strife, when ardent Teucapel | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Advancing in the front of carnage fell. | 10 | ˘/˘····/˘· |
| At once, Ongolmo, Elicura, rushed, | 10 | ·········· |
| And swaying their huge clubs together, crushed | 10 | ·/˘···˘/˘· |
| Horseman and horse; then bathed their hands in gore, | 10 | /˘········ |
| And limb from limb the panting carcase tore. | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| Caupolican, where the main battle bleeds, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Hosts and succeeding hosts undaunted leads, | 10 | ··˘/˘·˘/˘· |
| Till, torn and shattered by the ceaseless fire, | 11 | ···/˘··/˘/˘ |
| Thousands, with gnashing teeth, and clenched spears, expire. | 11 | /˘·/˘····˘/ |
| Pierced by a hundred wounds, Ongolmo lies, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| And grasps his club terrific as he dies. | 10 | ····˘/˘··· |
| With breathless expectation, on the height, | 10 | ·/˘·˘/˘··· |
| Lautaro watched the long and dubious fight: | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Pale and resigned the meek man stood, and pressed | 10 | ··˘/······ |
| More close the holy image to his breast. | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| Now nearer to the fight Lautaro drew, | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| When on the ground a warrior met his view, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Upon whose features memory seemed to trace | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| A faint resemblance of his father's face; | 10 | ··˘/˘··/˘· |
| O'er him a horseman, with collected might, | 10 | ···/˘·˘/˘· |
| Raised his uplifted sword, in act to smite, | 10 | ··/˘˘····· |
| When the youth springing on, without a word, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Snatched from a soldier's wearied grasp his sword, | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| And smote the horseman through the crest: a yell | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Of triumph burst, as to the ground he fell. | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Lautarok shouted, On! brave brothers, on! | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Scatter them like the snow!--the day is won! | 10 | /˘········ |
| Lo, I! Lautarok,--Attacapac's son! | 10 | ·········· |
| The Indians turn: again the battle bleeds, | 10 | ·/˘·˘/·/˘· |
| Cleft are the helms and crushed the struggling steeds. | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| The bugle sounds, and faint with toil and heat, | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Some straggling horsemen to the hills retreat. | 10 | ·/˘/˘···˘/ |
| Stand, brave companions! bold Valdivia cried, | 10 | ··˘/˘·˘/˘· |
| And shook his sword, in recent carnage dyed; | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| Oh! droop not--droop not yet--all is not o'er-- | 10 | ·········· |
| Brave, faithful friends, one glorious sally more. | 10 | ·/˘··/˘/˘· |
| Where is Lautaro! leaps his willing sword | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Now to avenge his long-indulgent lord! | 10 | ··˘/··˘/˘· |
| He waited not for answer, but again | 10 | ·/˘··/˘·˘/ |
| Spurred to the centre of the horrid plain. | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Clubs, arrows, spears, the spot of death inclose, | 10 | ·/˘·····˘/ |
| And fainter now the Spanish shouts arose. | 10 | ·/˘··/˘·˘/ |
| 'Mid ghastly heaps of many a bleeding corse, | 10 | ·/˘··/·/˘· |
| Lies the caparisoned and dying horse. | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| While still the rushing multitudes assail, | 10 | ···/˘/˘·˘/ |
| Vain is the fiery tube, the twisted mail! | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| The Spanish horsemen faint; long yells resound, | 10 | ·/˘/˘····/ |
| As the dragged ensign trails the gory ground: | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Shout, for the chief is seized!--a thousand cries | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Burst forth--Valdivia! for the sacrifice! | 10 | ··˘/˘··/˘· |
| And lo, in silent dignity resigned, | 10 | ···/˘/˘˘˘/ |
| The meek Anselmo, led in bonds, behind! | 10 | ··˘/˘····· |
| His hand upon his breast, young Zarinel | 10 | ·········· |
| Amidst a group of mangled Indians fell; | 10 | ˘/···/˘/˘· |
| The spear that to his heart a passage found | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Left poor Olola's hair within the wound. | 10 | ·········· |
| Now all is hushed, save where, at times, alone, | 10 | ········˘/ |
| Deep midnight listens to a distant moan; | 10 | ·/·/˘··/˘· |
| Save where the condors clamour, overhead, | 10 | ···/˘/˘/˘/ |
| And strike with sounding beaks the helmets of the dead. | 12 | ···/˘··/˘··· |
Notes from the edition 4
Bowles's own notes to his Poetical Works (Project Gutenberg #18915).
- Stanza 2, line 59 It may be necessary here to say, that whenever the Spaniards founded a city, after the immediate walls of defence, their first object was to build a church, and to have, with as much pomp as possible, the ecclesiastical services performed. Hence the cathedrals founded by them in America were of transcendent beauty and magnificence.
- Stanza 2, line 80 Almagro, who first penetrated into Chili, was afterwards strangled.
- Stanza 2, line 86 Pizarro was assassinated.
- Stanza 2, line 187 Rude hanging bridges, constructed by the natives.
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.