To Fausta

Matthew Arnold (1822–1888) · 1849–1867

iambic tetrameter · octosyllabic couplets · 278 lines · from Poems

To die be given us, or attain!Fierce work it were, to do again.

So pilgrims, bound for Mecca, prayedAt burning noon; so warriors said,Scarfed with the cross, who watched the milesOf dust which wreathed their struggling filesDown Lydian mountains; so, when snowsRound Alpine summits, eddying, rose,The Goth, bound Rome-wards; so the Hun,Crouched on his saddle, while the sunWent lurid down o’er flooded plainsThrough which the groaning Danube strainsTo the drear Euxine: so pray all,Whom labors, self-ordained, inthrall;Because they to themselves proposeOn this side the all-common closeA goal which, gained, may give repose.So pray they; and to stand againWhere they stood once, to them were pain;Pain to thread back and to renewPast straits, and currents long steered through.

But milder natures, and more free,--Whom an unblamed serenityHath freed from passions, and the stateOf struggle these necessitate;Whom schooling of the stubborn mindHath made, or birth hath found, resigned,--These mourn not, that their goings payObedience to the passing day.These claim not every laughing hourFor handmaid to their striding power;Each in her turn, with torch upreared,To await their march; and when appeared,Through the cold gloom, with measured race,To usher for a destined space(Her own sweet errands all foregone)The too imperious traveller on.These, Fausta, ask not this; nor thou,Time’s chafing prisoner, ask it now!

We left just ten years since, you say,That wayside inn we left to-day.Our jovial host, as forth we fare,Shouts greeting from his easy-chair.High on a bank our leader stands,Reviews and ranks his motley bands,Makes clear our goal to every eye,--The valley’s western boundary.A gate swings to! our tide hath flowedAlready from the silent road.The valley-pastures, one by one,Are threaded, quiet in the sun;And now, beyond the rude stone bridge,Slopes gracious up the western ridge.Its woody border, and the lastOf its dark upland farms, is past;Cool farms, with open-lying stores,Under their burnished sycamores,--All past! and through the trees we glideEmerging on the green hillside.There climbing hangs, a far-seen sign,Our wavering, many-colored line;There winds, up-streaming slowly stillOver the summit of the hill.And now, in front, behold outspreadThose upper regions we must tread,--Mild hollows, and clear heathy swells,The cheerful silence of the fells.

Some two hours’ march, with serious air,Through the deep noontide heats we fare;The red-grouse, springing at our sound,Skims, now and then, the shining ground;No life, save his and ours, intrudesUpon these breathless solitudes.Oh, joy! again the farms appear.Cool shade is there, and rustic cheer;There springs the brook will guide us down,Bright comrade, to the noisy town.Lingering, we follow down; we gainThe town, the highway, and the plain.And many a mile of dusty way,Parched and road-worn, we made that day;But, Fausta, I remember well,That as the balmy darkness fell,We bathed our hands with speechless glee,That night, in the wide-glimmering sea.

Once more we tread this self-same road,Fausta, which ten years since we trod;Alone we tread it, you and I,Ghosts of that boisterous company.Here, where the brook shines, near its head,In its clear, shallow, turf-fringed bed;Here, whence the eye first sees, far down,Capped with faint smoke, the noisy town,--Here sit we, and again unroll,Though slowly, the familiar whole.The solemn wastes of heathy hillSleep in the July sunshine still;The self-same shadows now, as then,Play through this grassy upland glen;The loose dark stones on the green wayLie strewn, it seems, where then they lay;On this mild bank above the stream,(You crush them!) the blue gentians gleam.Still this wild brook, the rushes cool,The sailing foam, the shining pool!These are not changed; and we, you say,Are scarce more changed, in truth, than they.

The gypsies, whom we met below,They too have long roamed to and fro;They ramble, leaving, where they pass,Their fragments on the cumbered grass.And often to some kindly placeChance guides the migratory race,Where, though long wanderings intervene,They recognize a former scene.The dingy tents are pitched; the firesGive to the wind their wavering spires;In dark knots crouch round the wild flameTheir children, as when first they came;They see their shackled beasts againMove, browsing, up the gray-walled lane.Signs are not wanting, which might raiseThe ghost in them of former days,--Signs are not wanting, if they would;Suggestions to disquietude.For them, for all, time’s busy touch,While it mends little, troubles much.Their joints grow stiffer--but the yearRuns his old round of dubious cheer;Chilly they grow--yet winds in March,Still, sharp as ever, freeze and parch;They must live still--and yet, God knows,Crowded and keen the country grows;It seems as if, in their decay,The law grew stronger every day.So might they reason, so compare,Fausta, times past with times that are;But no! they rubbed through yesterdayIn their hereditary way,And they will rub through, if they can,To-morrow on the self-same plan,Till death arrive to supersede,For them, vicissitude and need.

The poet, to whose mighty heartHeaven doth a quicker pulse impart,Subdues that energy to scanNot his own course, but that of man.Though he move mountains, though his dayBe passed on the proud heights of sway,Though he hath loosed a thousand chains,Though he hath borne immortal pains,Action and suffering though he know,--He hath not lived, if he lives so.He sees, in some great-historied land,A ruler of the people stand,Sees his strong thought in fiery floodRoll through the heaving multitude,Exults--yet for no moment’s spaceEnvies the all-regarded place.Beautiful eyes meet his, and heBears to admire uncravingly;They pass: he, mingled with the crowd,Is in their far-off triumphs proud.

From some high station he looks down,At sunset, on a populous town;Surveys each happy group which fleets,Toil ended, through the shining streets,--Each with some errand of its own,--And does not say, I am alone.He sees the gentle stir of birthWhen morning purifies the earth;He leans upon a gate, and seesThe pastures, and the quiet trees.Low, woody hill, with gracious bound,Folds the still valley almost round;The cuckoo, loud on some high lawn,Is answered from the depth of dawn;In the hedge straggling to the stream,Pale, dew-drenched, half-shut roses gleam.But, where the farther side slopes down,He sees the drowsy new-waked clownIn his white quaint-embroidered frockMake, whistling, toward his mist-wreathed flock,Slowly, behind his heavy tread,The wet, flowered grass heaves up its head.Leaned on his gate, he gazes: tearsAre in his eyes, and in his earsThe murmur of a thousand years.Before him he sees life unroll,A placid and continuous whole,--That general life, which does not cease,Whose secret is not joy, but peace;That life, whose dumb wish is not missedIf birth proceeds, if things subsist;The life of plants, and stones, and rain,The life he craves--if not in vainFate gave, what chance shall not control,His sad lucidity of soul.

You listen; but that wandering smile,Fausta, betrays you cold the while!Your eyes pursue the bells of foamWashed, eddying, from this bank, their home.Those gypsies--so your thoughts I scan--Are less, the poet more, than man.They feel not, though they move and see.Deeper the poet feels; but heBreathes, when he will, immortal air,Where Orpheus and where Homer are.In the day’s life, whose iron roundHems us all in, he is not bound;He leaves his kind, o’erleaps their pen,And flees the common life of men.He escapes thence, but we abide.Not deep the poet sees, but wide.

The world in which we live and moveOutlasts aversion, outlasts love,Outlasts each effort, interest, hope,Remorse, grief, joy; and, were the scopeOf these affections wider made,Man still would see, and see dismayed,Beyond his passion’s widest range,Far regions of eternal change.Nay, and since death, which wipes out man,Finds him with many an unsolved plan,With much unknown, and much untried,Wonder not dead, and thirst not dried,Still gazing on the ever fullEternal mundane spectacle,--This world in which we draw our breath,In some sense, Fausta, outlasts death.

Blame thou not, therefore, him who daresJudge vain beforehand human cares;Whose natural insight can discernWhat through experience others learn;Who needs not love and power, to knowLove transient, power an unreal show;Who treads at ease life’s uncheered ways:Him blame not, Fausta, rather praise!Rather thyself for some aim pray,Nobler than this, to fill the day;Rather that heart, which burns in thee,Ask, not to amuse, but to set free;Be passionate hopes not ill resignedFor quiet, and a fearless mind.And though fate grudge to thee and meThe poet’s rapt security,Yet they, believe me, who awaitNo gifts from chance, have conquered fate.They, winning room to see and hear,And to men’s business not too near,Through clouds of individual strifeDraw homeward to the general life.Like leaves by suns not yet uncurled;To the wise, foolish; to the world,Weak: yet not weak, I might reply,Not foolish, Fausta, in His eye,To whom each moment in its race,Crowd as we will its neutral space,Is but a quiet watershedWhence, equally, the seas of life and death are fed.

Enough, we live! and if a lifeWith large results so little rife,Though bearable, seem hardly worthThis pomp of worlds, this pain of birth;Yet, Fausta, the mute turf we tread,The solemn hills around us spread,This stream which falls incessantly,The strange-scrawled rocks, the lonely sky,If I might lend their life a voice,Seem to bear rather than rejoice.And even could the intemperate prayerMan iterates, while these forbear,For movement, for an ampler sphere,Pierce Fate’s impenetrable ear;Not milder is the general lotBecause our spirits have forgot,In action’s dizzying eddy whirled,The something that infects the world.

Words in this poem 55
crouched a.
Marked with the sign of the cross. Crouched friar. See Crutched friar, under Crutched.
went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
lurid a.
Pale yellow; ghastly pale; wan; gloomy; dismal. [L. luridus.]
drear n.
Sadness; dismalness.
inthrall v. t.
To reduce to bondage or servitude; to make a thrall, slave, vassal, or captive of; to enslave. [Cf. Enthrall.]
propose v. i.
To speak; to converse.
necessitate v. t.
To make necessary or indispensable; to render unaviolable. [Cf. L. necessitatus, p.p. of necessitare, and F. nécessiter. See Necessity.]
schooling n.
Instruction in school; tuition; education in an institution of learning; act of teaching.
resigned a.
Submissive; yielding; not disposed to resist or murmur.
handmaid n.
A maid that waits at hand; a female servant or attendant.
await v. t.
To watch for; to look out for. [OF. awaitier, agaitier; (L. ad) + waitier, gaitier to watch, F. guetter. See Wait.]
imperious a.
Commanding; ascendant; imperial; lordly; majestic. [L. imperiosus: cf. F. impérieux. See Imperial.]
wayside n.
The side of the way; the edge or border of a road or path.
jovial a.
Of or pertaining to the god, or the planet, Jupiter. [F., fr. L. Jovialis pertaining to Jove. The planet Jupiter was thought to make those born under it joyful or jovial. See Jove.]
streaming a.
Sending forth streams.
outspread v. t.
To spread out; to expand; -- usually as a past part. or adj.
heathy a.
Full of heath; abounding with heath; as, heathy land; heathy hills.
noontide n.
The time of noon; midday. [From noon + tide time; cf. AS. n the ninth hour.]
breathless a.
Spent with labor or violent action; out of breath.
balmy a.
Having the qualities of balm; odoriferous; aromatic; assuaging; soothing; refreshing; mild.
speechless a.
Destitute or deprived of the faculty of speech.
glee n.
Music; minstrelsy; entertainment.
boisterous a.
Rough or rude; unbending; unyielding; strong; powerful. [OE. boistous; of uncertain origin; cf. W. bwyst wild, savage, wildness, ferocity, bwystus ferocious.]
unroll v. t.
To open, as what is rolled or convolved; as, to unroll cloth; to unroll a banner. [1st pref. un- + roll.]
sunshine n.
The light of the sun, or the place where it shines; the direct rays of the sun, the place where they fall, or the warmth and light which they give.
scarce a.
Not plentiful or abundant; in small quantity in proportion to the demand; not easily to be procured; rare; uncommon. [OE. scars, OF. escars, eschars, LL. scarpsus, for L. excerptus, p. p. of excerpere to pick out, and hence to contract, to shorten; ex (see Ex-) + carpere. See C]
migratory a.
Removing regularly or occasionally from one region or climate to another; as, migratory birds. [Cf. F. migratoire.]
browsing n.
Browse; also, a place abounding with shrubs where animals may browse.
ghost n.
The spirit; the soul of man. [OE. gast, gost, soul, spirit, AS. gast breath, spirit, soul; akin to OS. g spirit, soul, D. geest, G. geist, and prob. to E. gaze, ghastly.]
dubious a.
Doubtful or not settled in opinion; being in doubt; wavering or fluctuating; undetermined. [L. dubius, dubiosus, fr. duo two. See Two, and cf. Doubt.]
parch v. t.
To burn the surface of; to scorch; to roast over the fire, as dry grain; as, to parch the skin; to parch corn. [OE. perchen to pierce, hence used of a piercing heat or cold, OF. perchier, another form of percier, F. percer. See Pierce.]
supersede v. t.
To come, or be placed, in the room of; to replace. [L. supersedere, supersessum, to sit above, be superior to, forbear, omit; super above + sedere to sit: cf. F. superséder. See Sit, and cf. Surcease.]
vicissitude n.
Regular change or succession from one thing to another; alternation; mutual succession; interchange. [L. vicissitudo, fr. vicis change, turn: cf. F. vicissitude. See Vicarious.]
scan v. t.
To mount by steps; to go through with step by step. [L. scandere, scansum, to climb, to scan, akin to Skr. skand to spring, leap: cf. F. scander. Cf. Ascend, Descend, Scale a ladder.]
admire v. t.
To regard with wonder or astonishment; to view with surprise; to marvel at. [F. admirer, fr. L. admirari; ad + mirari to wonder, for smirari, akin to Gr. smi, and E. smile.]
populous a.
Abounding in people; full of inhabitants; containing many inhabitants in proportion to the extent of the country. [L. populosus, fr. populus people: cf. F. populeux.]
straggling a.
from Straggle, v.
heaves n.
A disease of horses, characterized by difficult breathing, with heaving of the flank, wheezing, flatulency, and a peculiar cough; broken wind.
placid a.
Pleased; contented; unruffied; undisturbed; serene; peaceful; tranquil; quiet; gentle. [L. placidus, originally, pleasing, mild, from placere to please: cf. F. placide. See Please.]
subsist v. i.
To be; to have existence; to inhere. [L. subsistere to stand still, stay, remain alive; sub under + sistere to stand, to cause to stand, from stare to stand: cf. F. subsister. See Stand.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
lucidity n.
The quality or state of being lucid. [Cf. F. lucidité. See Lucid.]
orpheus n.
The famous mythic Thracian poet, son of the Muse Calliope, and husband of Eurydice. He is reputed to have had power to entrance beasts and inanimate objects by the music of his lyre.
aversion n.
A turning away. [L. aversio: cf. F. aversion. See Avert.]
mundane a.
Of or pertaining to the world; worldly; earthly; terrestrial; as, the mundane sphere. [L. mundanus, fr. mundus the world, an implement, toilet adornments, or dress; cf. mundus, a., clean, neat, Skr. mansds to adorn, dress, mansdsa adornment. Cf. M]
insight n.
A sight or view of the interior of anything; a deep inspection or view; introspection; -- frequently used with into.
needs adv.
Of necessity; necessarily; indispensably; -- often with must, and equivalent to of need. [Orig. gen. of need, used as an adverb. Cf. - wards.]
amuse v. t.
To occupy or engage the attention of; to lose in deep thought; to absorb; also, to distract; to bewilder. [F. amuser to make stay, to detain, to amuse, ad) + OF. muser. See Muse, v.]
rapt n.
An ecstasy; a trance. Bp. Morton. [From F. rapt abduction, rape, L. raptus, fr. rapere to seize and carry off, to transport; or fr. E. rapt, a. See Rapt, a., and Rapid.]
strife n.
The act of striving; earnest endeavor. [OF. estrif. See Strive.]
homeward a.
Being in the direction of home; as, the homeward way.
watershed n.
The whole region or extent of country which contributes to the supply of a river or lake. [Cf. G. wasserscheide; wasser water + scheide a place where two things separate, fr. scheiden to separate.]
rife a.
Prevailing; prevalent; abounding. [AS. rif abundant, or Icel. rifr munificent; akin to OD. riff, rijve, abundant.]
bearable a.
Capable of being borne or endured; tolerable.
incessantly adv.
Unceasingly; continually.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

To Fausta is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #54985; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Matthew Arnold, To Fausta, in Poems (1849–1867), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #54985, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/arnold-poems/to-fausta-2.html, id L06961.

Form and metre

To Fausta is 278 lines in 13 verse paragraphs. It is in rhyming couplets, 83% of the lines: octosyllabic couplets. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 87%). 95% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 8.0 syllables. 9 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 23% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in octosyllabic couplets, other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AA attainA · againA
  2. 2 --AABBCCDDEEBBBFFGG prayed · said · milesA · filesA · snowsB · roseB · hunC · sunC · plainsD · strainsD · allE · inthrallE · proposeB · closeB · reposeB · againF · painF · renewG · throughG
  3. 3 --AABBCCDDEEFFGGHH free · serenity · stateA · necessitateA · mindB · resignedB · payC · dayC · hourD · powerD · uprearedE · appearedE · raceF · spaceF · foregoneG · onG · thouH · nowH
  4. 4 AABBCC--DDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMM sayA · dayA · fareB · chairB · standsC · bandsC · eye · boundary · flowedD · roadD · oneE · sunE · bridgeF · ridgeF · lastG · pastG · storesH · sycamoresH · glideI · hillsideI · signJ · lineJ · stillK · hillK · outspreadL · treadL · swellsM · fellsM
  5. 5 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHII airA · fareA · soundB · groundB · intrudesC · solitudesC · appearD · cheerD · downE · townE · gainF · plainF · wayG · dayG · wellH · fellH · gleeI · seaI
  6. 6 ----AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHFF road · trod · i · company · headA · bedA · downB · townB · unrollC · wholeC · hillD · stillD · thenE · glenE · wayF · layF · streamG · gleamG · coolH · poolH · sayF · theyF
  7. 7 AABBCCDD--EE--FF--GGHHIIJJKK--KKLLMM belowA · froA · passB · grassB · placeC · raceC · interveneD · sceneD · fires · spires · flameE · cameE · again · lane · raiseF · daysF · would · disquietude · touchG · muchG · yearH · cheerH · marchI · parchI · knowsJ · growsJ · decayK · dayK · compare · are · yesterdayK · wayK · canL · planL · supersedeM · needM
  8. 8 AABBCCDDEEFF--GG--HH heartA · impartA · scanB · manB · dayC · swayC · chainsD · painsD · knowE · soE · landF · standF · flood · multitude · spaceG · placeG · he · uncravingly · crowdH · proudH
  9. 9 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKK-LLMMNNOOPPQQ downA · townA · fleetsB · streetsB · ownC · aloneC · birthD · earthD · seesE · treesE · boundF · roundF · lawnG · dawnG · streamH · gleamH · downI · clownI · frockJ · flockJ · treadK · headK · tears · earsL · yearsL · unrollM · wholeM · ceaseN · peaceN · missedO · subsistO · rainP · vainP · controlQ · soulQ
  10. 10 AABBCCDD--EEFFGG smileA · whileA · foamB · homeB · scanC · manC · seeD · heD · air · are · roundE · boundE · penF · menF · abideG · wideG
  11. 11 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHH moveA · loveA · hopeB · scopeB · madeC · dismayedC · rangeD · changeD · manE · planE · untriedF · driedF · fullG · spectacleG · breathH · deathH
  12. 12 AABBCCDDEEFFGGF-HHIIJJKKLLMMNN daresA · caresA · discernB · learnB · knowC · showC · waysD · praiseD · prayE · dayE · theeF · freeF · resignedG · mindG · meF · security · awaitH · fateH · hearI · nearI · strifeJ · lifeJ · uncurledK · worldK · replyL · eyeL · raceM · spaceM · watershedN · fedN
  13. 13 AABBCC--DDEEEEFFGG lifeA · rifeA · worthB · birthB · treadC · spreadC · incessantly · sky · voiceD · rejoiceD · prayerE · forbearE · sphereE · earE · lotF · forgotF · whirledG · worldG
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
To die be given us, or attain!8···/··˘/
Fierce work it were, to do again.8······˘/
So pilgrims, bound for Mecca, prayed8·/˘··/˘·
At burning noon; so warriors said,8·/˘··/˘·
Scarfed with the cross, who watched the miles8········
Of dust which wreathed their struggling files8·····/˘·
Down Lydian mountains; so, when snows9·/˘˘/˘···
Round Alpine summits, eddying, rose,8·/·/˘/˘·
The Goth, bound Rome-wards; so the Hun,8········
Crouched on his saddle, while the sun8···/˘···
Went lurid down o’er flooded plains8·/˘··/˘·
Through which the groaning Danube strains8···/˘/˘·
To the drear Euxine: so pray all,8········
Whom labors, self-ordained, inthrall;8·/˘·˘/˘/
Because they to themselves propose8····˘/˘/
On this side the all-common close8·····/˘·
A goal which, gained, may give repose.8······˘/
So pray they; and to stand again8······˘/
Where they stood once, to them were pain;8········
Pain to thread back and to renew8······˘/
Past straits, and currents long steered through.8···/˘···
But milder natures, and more free,--8·/˘/˘···
Whom an unblamed serenity8····˘/˘˘
Hath freed from passions, and the state8···/˘···
Of struggle these necessitate;8·/˘·˘/˘·
Whom schooling of the stubborn mind8·/˘··/˘·
Hath made, or birth hath found, resigned,--8······˘/
These mourn not, that their goings pay8·····/˘·
Obedience to the passing day.8˘/˘··/˘·
These claim not every laughing hour9···/˘/˘/˘
For handmaid to their striding power;9·····/˘/˘
Each in her turn, with torch upreared,8········
To await their march; and when appeared,9·˘/····˘/
Through the cold gloom, with measured race,8·····/˘·
To usher for a destined space8·/˘··/˘·
(Her own sweet errands all foregone)8···/˘·//
The too imperious traveller on.8··˘/˘/˘·
These, Fausta, ask not this; nor thou,8·/˘·····
Time’s chafing prisoner, ask it now!8·/˘/˘···
We left just ten years since, you say,8········
That wayside inn we left to-day.8·/······
Our jovial host, as forth we fare,8//˘·····
Shouts greeting from his easy-chair.8·/˘··/˘·
High on a bank our leader stands,8····//˘·
Reviews and ranks his motley bands,8˘/···/˘·
Makes clear our goal to every eye,--8··/··/˘·
The valley’s western boundary.8·/˘/˘/˘˘
A gate swings to! our tide hath flowed8····/···
Already from the silent road.8˘/˘··/˘·
The valley-pastures, one by one,8·/˘/˘···
Are threaded, quiet in the sun;8·/˘/˘···
And now, beyond the rude stone bridge,8········
Slopes gracious up the western ridge.8·/˘··/˘·
Its woody border, and the last8·/˘/˘···
Of its dark upland farms, is past;8···/˘···
Cool farms, with open-lying stores,8···/˘/˘·
Under their burnished sycamores,--8···/˘/˘·
All past! and through the trees we glide8········
Emerging on the green hillside.8˘/˘···/·
There climbing hangs, a far-seen sign,8·/˘·····
Our wavering, many-colored line;8//˘˘//˘·
There winds, up-streaming slowly still8···/˘/˘·
Over the summit of the hill.8···/˘···
And now, in front, behold outspread8····˘/˘/
Those upper regions we must tread,--8·/˘/˘···
Mild hollows, and clear heathy swells,8·/˘··/˘·
The cheerful silence of the fells.8·/˘/˘···
Some two hours’ march, with serious air,8·····/˘·
Through the deep noontide heats we fare;8···/˘···
The red-grouse, springing at our sound,8···/˘·/·
Skims, now and then, the shining ground;8·····/˘·
No life, save his and ours, intrudes8·····/˘/
Upon these breathless solitudes.8···/˘/˘·
Oh, joy! again the farms appear.8··˘/··˘/
Cool shade is there, and rustic cheer;8·····/˘·
There springs the brook will guide us down,8········
Bright comrade, to the noisy town.8·/···/˘·
Lingering, we follow down; we gain8/˘·/˘···
The town, the highway, and the plain.8···/····
And many a mile of dusty way,8·/···/˘·
Parched and road-worn, we made that day;8········
But, Fausta, I remember well,8·/˘·˘/˘·
That as the balmy darkness fell,8···/˘/˘·
We bathed our hands with speechless glee,8··/··/˘·
That night, in the wide-glimmering sea.8·····/˘·
Once more we tread this self-same road,8········
Fausta, which ten years since we trod;8/˘······
Alone we tread it, you and I,8˘/······
Ghosts of that boisterous company.9···/˘˘/˘˘
Here, where the brook shines, near its head,8········
In its clear, shallow, turf-fringed bed;8···/˘···
Here, whence the eye first sees, far down,8········
Capped with faint smoke, the noisy town,--8·····/˘·
Here sit we, and again unroll,8····˘/˘/
Though slowly, the familiar whole.8·/˘·˘/˘·
The solemn wastes of heathy hill8·/˘··/˘·
Sleep in the July sunshine still;8···˘//··
The self-same shadows now, as then,8···/····
Play through this grassy upland glen;8···/˘/˘·
The loose dark stones on the green way8········
Lie strewn, it seems, where then they lay;8········
On this mild bank above the stream,8········
(You crush them!) the blue gentians gleam.8·····/˘·
Still this wild brook, the rushes cool,8·····/˘·
The sailing foam, the shining pool!8·/˘··/˘·
These are not changed; and we, you say,8········
Are scarce more changed, in truth, than they.8········
The gypsies, whom we met below,8·/˘·····
They too have long roamed to and fro;8········
They ramble, leaving, where they pass,8·/˘/˘···
Their fragments on the cumbered grass.8·/˘··/˘·
And often to some kindly place8·/˘··/˘·
Chance guides the migratory race,8···/˘·˘·
Where, though long wanderings intervene,8···/˘·˘/
They recognize a former scene.8·/˘··/˘·
The dingy tents are pitched; the fires9·/˘····/˘
Give to the wind their wavering spires;8·····/˘·
In dark knots crouch round the wild flame8········
Their children, as when first they came;8·/˘·····
They see their shackled beasts again8···/˘·˘/
Move, browsing, up the gray-walled lane.8·/˘·····
Signs are not wanting, which might raise8···/˘···
The ghost in them of former days,--8·····/˘·
Signs are not wanting, if they would;8···/˘···
Suggestions to disquietude.7˘/˘····
For them, for all, time’s busy touch,8·····/˘·
While it mends little, troubles much.8···/˘/˘·
Their joints grow stiffer--but the year8···/˘···
Runs his old round of dubious cheer;8·····/˘·
Chilly they grow--yet winds in March,8/˘······
Still, sharp as ever, freeze and parch;8···/˘···
They must live still--and yet, God knows,8········
Crowded and keen the country grows;8/˘···/˘·
It seems as if, in their decay,8······˘/
The law grew stronger every day.8···/˘/˘·
So might they reason, so compare,8···/˘·˘/
Fausta, times past with times that are;8/˘······
But no! they rubbed through yesterday8·····/˘·
In their hereditary way,8··˘/˘·˘·
And they will rub through, if they can,8········
To-morrow on the self-same plan,8·/˘·····
Till death arrive to supersede,8··˘/··˘/
For them, vicissitude and need.8···/˘˘··
The poet, to whose mighty heart8·/˘··/˘·
Heaven doth a quicker pulse impart,8/··/˘·˘/
Subdues that energy to scan8˘/·/˘˘··
Not his own course, but that of man.8········
Though he move mountains, though his day8···/˘···
Be passed on the proud heights of sway,8········
Though he hath loosed a thousand chains,8·····/˘·
Though he hath borne immortal pains,8····˘/˘·
Action and suffering though he know,--8/˘·/˘···
He hath not lived, if he lives so.8········
He sees, in some great-historied land,9·····/˘˘·
A ruler of the people stand,8·/˘··/˘·
Sees his strong thought in fiery flood8·····/˘·
Roll through the heaving multitude,8···/˘/˘·
Exults--yet for no moment’s space8˘/···/˘·
Envies the all-regarded place.8/˘··˘/˘·
Beautiful eyes meet his, and he8/˘˘·····
Bears to admire uncravingly;8··˘/····
They pass: he, mingled with the crowd,8···/˘···
Is in their far-off triumphs proud.8·····/˘·
From some high station he looks down,8···/˘···
At sunset, on a populous town;8·/···/˘·
Surveys each happy group which fleets,8˘/·/˘···
Toil ended, through the shining streets,--8·/˘··/˘·
Each with some errand of its own,--8···/˘···
And does not say, I am alone.8······˘/
He sees the gentle stir of birth8···/˘···
When morning purifies the earth;8·/˘/˘···
He leans upon a gate, and sees8········
The pastures, and the quiet trees.8·/˘··/˘·
Low, woody hill, with gracious bound,8·/˘··/˘·
Folds the still valley almost round;8···/˘/··
The cuckoo, loud on some high lawn,8·/······
Is answered from the depth of dawn;8·/˘·····
In the hedge straggling to the stream,8···/˘···
Pale, dew-drenched, half-shut roses gleam.8·····/˘·
But, where the farther side slopes down,8···/˘···
He sees the drowsy new-waked clown8···/˘···
In his white quaint-embroidered frock8····˘/˘·
Make, whistling, toward his mist-wreathed flock,9·/˘······
Slowly, behind his heavy tread,8/˘···/˘·
The wet, flowered grass heaves up its head.8··/·····
Leaned on his gate, he gazes: tears8·····/˘·
Are in his eyes, and in his ears8········
The murmur of a thousand years.8·/˘··/˘·
Before him he sees life unroll,8······˘/
A placid and continuous whole,--8·/˘·˘/˘·
That general life, which does not cease,8·/˘·····
Whose secret is not joy, but peace;8·/˘·····
That life, whose dumb wish is not missed8········
If birth proceeds, if things subsist;8··˘/··˘/
The life of plants, and stones, and rain,8········
The life he craves--if not in vain8········
Fate gave, what chance shall not control,8······˘/
His sad lucidity of soul.8··˘/˘˘··
You listen; but that wandering smile,8·/˘··/˘·
Fausta, betrays you cold the while!8/˘˘/····
Your eyes pursue the bells of foam8··˘/····
Washed, eddying, from this bank, their home.8·/˘·····
Those gypsies--so your thoughts I scan--8·/˘·····
Are less, the poet more, than man.8···/˘···
They feel not, though they move and see.8········
Deeper the poet feels; but he8/˘·/˘···
Breathes, when he will, immortal air,8····˘/˘·
Where Orpheus and where Homer are.8·/˘··/˘·
In the day’s life, whose iron round8·····/˘·
Hems us all in, he is not bound;8········
He leaves his kind, o’erleaps their pen,8········
And flees the common life of men.8···/˘···
He escapes thence, but we abide.8·˘/···˘/
Not deep the poet sees, but wide.8···/˘···
The world in which we live and move8········
Outlasts aversion, outlasts love,8˘/˘/˘/··
Outlasts each effort, interest, hope,8˘/·/˘/˘·
Remorse, grief, joy; and, were the scope8˘/······
Of these affections wider made,8··˘/˘/˘·
Man still would see, and see dismayed,8······˘/
Beyond his passion’s widest range,8···/˘/˘·
Far regions of eternal change.8·/˘·˘/˘·
Nay, and since death, which wipes out man,8········
Finds him with many an unsolved plan,8···/·˘/·
With much unknown, and much untried,8··˘/··˘/
Wonder not dead, and thirst not dried,8/˘······
Still gazing on the ever full8·/˘··/˘·
Eternal mundane spectacle,--8˘/˘˘//˘˘
This world in which we draw our breath,8······/·
In some sense, Fausta, outlasts death.8···/˘/··
Blame thou not, therefore, him who dares8········
Judge vain beforehand human cares;8··˘/·/˘·
Whose natural insight can discern8·/˘/··˘/
What through experience others learn;8··˘/˘/˘·
Who needs not love and power, to know8·····/··
Love transient, power an unreal show;8·/˘/·˘/·
Who treads at ease life’s uncheered ways:8········
Him blame not, Fausta, rather praise!8···/˘/˘·
Rather thyself for some aim pray,8/˘˘/····
Nobler than this, to fill the day;8/˘······
Rather that heart, which burns in thee,8/˘······
Ask, not to amuse, but to set free;9···˘/····
Be passionate hopes not ill resigned8·/˘···˘/
For quiet, and a fearless mind.8·/˘··/˘·
And though fate grudge to thee and me8········
The poet’s rapt security,8·/˘·˘/˘˘
Yet they, believe me, who await8··˘/··˘/
No gifts from chance, have conquered fate.8·····/˘·
They, winning room to see and hear,8·/˘·····
And to men’s business not too near,8···/˘···
Through clouds of individual strife8····˘/˘·
Draw homeward to the general life.8·/˘··/˘·
Like leaves by suns not yet uncurled;8········
To the wise, foolish; to the world,8···/˘···
Weak: yet not weak, I might reply,8······˘/
Not foolish, Fausta, in His eye,8·/˘/˘···
To whom each moment in its race,8···/˘···
Crowd as we will its neutral space,8·····/˘·
Is but a quiet watershed8···/˘/˘·
Whence, equally, the seas of life and death are fed.11·/˘········
Enough, we live! and if a life8˘/······
With large results so little rife,8··˘/·/˘·
Though bearable, seem hardly worth8·/˘˘·/˘·
This pomp of worlds, this pain of birth;8········
Yet, Fausta, the mute turf we tread,8·/˘·····
The solemn hills around us spread,8·/˘·····
This stream which falls incessantly,8····˘/˘˘
The strange-scrawled rocks, the lonely sky,8·····/˘·
If I might lend their life a voice,8········
Seem to bear rather than rejoice.8···/˘·˘/
And even could the intemperate prayer8·/··˘/˘·
Man iterates, while these forbear,8······˘/
For movement, for an ampler sphere,8·/˘·····
Pierce Fate’s impenetrable ear;8··˘/˘˘˘·
Not milder is the general lot8·/··/˘˘·
Because our spirits have forgot,8··//˘·˘/
In action’s dizzying eddy whirled,8·/˘/˘/˘·
The something that infects the world.8·/˘·˘/··
Notes from the edition 1

Matthew Arnold's own notes to his Poems (Project Gutenberg #54985), each headed by the line it glosses.

  1. Stanza 4, line 2 Those who have been long familiar with the English Lake Country will find no difficulty in recalling, from the description in the text, the roadside inn at Wythburn, on the descent from Dunmail Raise towards Keswick; its sedentary landlord of thirty years ago; and the passage over the Wythburn Fells to Watendlath.

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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