Virg

Edward Young (1683–1765) · 1742–1745

iambic pentameter · heroic couplets · 138 lines · from The Poetical Works, Volume II

O long with me in Oxford groves confin'd,In social arts and sacred friendship join'd;Fair Isis' sorrow, and fair Isis' boast,Lost from her side, but fortunately lost;Thy wonted aid, my dear companion! bring,And teach me thy departed friend to sing:A darling theme! once powerful to inspire,And now to melt, the muses' mournful choir:Now, and now first, we freely dare commendHis modest worth, nor shall our praise offend.

Early he bloom'd amid the learned train,And ravish'd Isis listen'd to his strain."See, see," she cried, "old Maro's muse appears,Wak'd from her slumber of two thousand years:Her finish'd charms to Addison she brings,Thinks in his thought, and in his numbers sings.All read transported his pure classic page;Read, and forget their climate and their age."The state, when now his rising fame was known,Th' unrival'd genius challeng'd for her own,Nor would that one, for scenes for action strong,Should let a life evaporate in song.As health and strength the brightest charms dispense,Wit is the blossom of the soundest sense:Yet few, how few, with lofty thoughts inspir'd,With quickness pointed, and with rapture fir'd,In conscious pride their own importance find,Blind to themselves, as the hard world is blind!Wit they esteem a gay but worthless power,The slight amusement of a leisure hour;Unmindful that, conceal'd from vulgar eyes,Majestic wisdom wears the bright disguise.Poor Dido fondled thus, with idle joy,Dread Cupid, lurking in the Trojan boy;Lightly she toy'd, and trifled with his charms,And knew not that a god was in her arms.Who greatest excellence of thought could boast,In action, too, have been distinguish'd most:This Sommers(46) knew, and Addison sent forthFrom the malignant regions of the north,To be matur'd in more indulgent skies,Where all the vigour of the soul can rise;Thro' warmer veins where sprightlier spirits run,And sense enliven'd sparkles in the sun.With secret pain the prudent patriot gaveThe hopes of Britain to the rolling wave,Anxious, the charge to all the stars resign'd,And plac'd a confidence in sea and wind.Ausonia soon receiv'd her wondering guest,And equal wonder in her turn confess'd,To see her fervours rival'd by the pole,Her lustre beaming from a northern soul:In like surprise was her Æneas lost,To find his picture grace a foreign coast.Now the wide field of Europe he surveys,Compares her kings, her thrones and empires weighs,In ripen'd judgment and consummate thought;Great work! by Nassau's favour cheaply bought.He now returns to Britain a support,Wise in her senate, graceful in her court;And when the public welfare would permit,The source of learning, and the soul of wit.O Warwick! (whom the muse is fond to name,And kindles, conscious of her future theme,)O Warwick! by divine contagion bright!How early didst thou catch his radiant light!By him inspir'd, how shine before thy time,And leave thy years, and leap into thy prime!On some warm bank, thus, fortunately born,A rose-bud opens to a summer's morn,Full-blown ere noon her fragrant pride displays,And shows th' abundance of her purple rays.Wit, as her bays, was once a barren tree;We now, surpris'd, her fruitful branches see;Or, orange-like, till his auspicious timeIt grew indeed, but shiver'd in our clime:He first the plant to richer gardens led,And fix'd, indulgent, in a warmer bed:The nation, pleas'd, enjoys the rich produce,And gathers from her ornament her use.When loose from public cares the grove he sought,And fill'd the leisure interval with thought,The various labours of his easy page,A chance amusement, polish'd half an age.Beyond this truth old bards could scarce invent,Who durst to frame a world by accident.What he has sung, how early and how well,The Thames shall boast, and Roman Tiber tell.A glory more sublime remains in store,Since such his talents, that he sung no more.No fuller proof of power th' Almighty gave,Making the sea, than curbing her proud wave.Nought can the genius of his works transcend,But their fair purpose and important end;To rouse the war for injur'd Europe's laws,To steel the patriot in great Brunswick's cause;With virtue's charms to kindle sacred love,Or paint th' eternal bowers of bliss above.Where hadst thou room, great author! where to rollThe mighty theme of an immortal soul?Through paths unknown, unbeaten, whence were broughtThy proofs so strong for immaterial thought?One let me join, all other may excel."How could a mortal essence think so well?"But why so large in the great writer's praise?More lofty subjects should my numbers raise;In him (illustrious rivalry!) contendThe statesman, patriot, Christian, and the friend!His glory such, it borders on disgraceTo say he sung the best of human race.In joy once join'd, in sorrow now for years,Partner in grief, and brother of my tears,Tickell! accept this verse, thy mournful due;Thou further shalt the sacred theme pursue;And, as thy strain describes the matchless man,Thy life shall second what thy muse began.Though sweet the numbers, though a fire divineDart through the whole, and burn in every line,Who strives not for that excellence he draws,Is stain'd by fame, and suffers from applause.But haste to thy illustrious task; prepareThe noble work well trusted to thy care,The gift(47) bequeath'd by Addison's command,To Craggs made sacred by his dying hand.Collect the labours, join the various rays,The scatter'd light in one united blaze;Then bear to him so true, so truly lov'd,In life distinguished, and in death approv'd,Th' immortal legacy. He hangs awhileIn generous anguish o'er the glorious pile;With anxious pleasure the known page reviews,And the dear pledge with falling tears bedews.What though thy tears, pour'd o'er thy godlike friend,Thy other cares for Britain's weal suspend?Think not, O patriot! while thy eyes o'erflow,Those cares suspended for a private woe;Thy love to him is to thy country shown;He mourns for her who mourns for Addison.

Words in this poem 24
fortunately adv.
In a fortunate manner; luckily; successfully; happily.
wonted a.
Accustomed; customary; usual.
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
amid prep.
In the midst or middle of; surrounded or encompassed by; among. [OE. amidde, amiddes, on midden, AS. on middan, in the middle, fr. midde the middle. The s is an adverbial ending, originally marking the genitive; the t is a la]
isis n.
The principal goddess worshiped by the Egyptians. She was regarded as the mother of Horus, and the sister and wife of Osiris.
classic a.
Of or relating to the first class or rank, especially in literature or art. [L. classicus relating to the classes of the Roman people, and especially to the frist class; hence, of the first rank, superior, from classis class: cf. F. clas]
dispense v. i.
To compensate; to make up; to make amends.
quickness n.
The condition or quality of being quick or living; life.
amusement n.
Deep thought; muse. [Cf. F. amusement.]
cupid
The god of love, son of Venus; usually represented as a naked, winged boy with bow and arrow. [L.Cupido, fr. cupido desire, desire of love, fr. cupidus. See Cupidity.]
vigour v. t.
To invigorate. Feltham.
lustre n.
A period of five years; a lustrum. [L. lustrum: cf. F. lustre.]
favour n.
Kind regard; propitious aspect; countenance; friendly disposition; kindness; good will. [Written also favour.]
cheaply adv.
At a small price; at a low value; in a common or inferior manner.
didst
, the 2d pers. sing. imp. of Do.
morn n.
The first part of the day; the morning; -- used chiefly in poetry. [OE. morwen, morgen, AS. morgen; akin to D. morgen, OS. morgan, G. morgen, Icel. morginn, morgunn, Sw. morgon, Dan. morgen, Goth. maúrgins. Cf. Morrow, Morning.]
clime n.
A climate; a tract or region of the earth. See Climate. [L. clima. See Climate.]
scarce a.
Not plentiful or abundant; in small quantity in proportion to the demand; not easily to be procured; rare; uncommon. [OE. scars, OF. escars, eschars, LL. scarpsus, for L. excerptus, p. p. of excerpere to pick out, and hence to contract, to shorten; ex (see Ex-) + carpere. See C]
invent v. t.
To come or light upon; to meet; to find. [L. inventus, p. p. of invenire to come upon, to find, invent; pref. in- in + venire to come, akin to E. come: cf. F. inventer. See Come.]
transcend v. i.
To climb; to mount.
shalt
2d per. sing. of Shall.
awhile adv.
For a while; for some time; for a short time. [Adj. a + while time, interval.]
generous a.
Of honorable birth or origin; highborn. [F. généreux, fr. L. generous of noble birth, noble, excellent, magnanimous, fr. genus birth, race: cf. It. generoso. See 2d Gender.]
glorious a.
Exhibiting attributes, qualities, or acts that are worthy of or receive glory; noble; praiseworthy; excellent; splendid; illustrious; inspiring admiration; as, glorious deeds. [OF. glorios, glorious, F. glorieux, fr. L. gloriosus. See Glory, n.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Virg is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poetical Works of Edward Young, Volume 2, Project Gutenberg ebook #18827; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Edward Young, Virg, in The Poetical Works, Volume II (1742–1745), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #18827, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/young-night-thoughts/virg-4.html, id L09474.

Form and metre

Virg is 138 lines in 2 verse paragraphs. It is in rhyming couplets, 87% of the lines: heroic couplets. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 91%). 95% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.0 syllables. 7 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 8% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in heroic couplets, other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ----AA--BB confin'd · join'd · boast · lost · bringA · singA · inspire · choir · commendB · offendB
  2. 2 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNNOOPPQQRRSSTTUU--VV--WWXX--YYZZaabbccddeeffgghhiijjkkllmm--nnooppqqrrsstt--uuvvwwxxyyzzAA--BBCCDDEEFF trainA · strainA · appearsB · yearsB · bringsC · singsC · pageD · ageD · knownE · ownE · strongF · songF · dispenseG · senseG · inspir'dH · fir'dH · findI · blindI · powerJ · hourJ · eyesK · disguiseK · joyL · boyL · charmsM · armsM · boastN · mostN · forthO · northO · skiesP · riseP · runQ · sunQ · gaveR · waveR · resign'dS · windS · guestT · confess'dT · poleU · soulU · lost · coast · surveysV · weighsV · thought · bought · supportW · courtW · permitX · witX · name · theme · brightY · lightY · timeZ · primeZ · borna · morna · displaysb · raysb · treec · seec · timed · climed · lede · bede · producef · usef · soughtg · thoughtg · pageh · ageh · inventi · accidenti · wellj · tellj · storek · morek · gavel · wavel · transcendm · endm · laws · cause · loven · aboven · rollo · soulo · broughtp · thoughtp · excelq · wellq · praiser · raiser · contends · friends · disgracet · racet · years · tears · dueu · pursueu · manv · beganv · divinew · linew · drawsx · applausex · preparey · carey · commandz · handz · raysA · blazeA · lov'd · approv'd · awhileB · pileB · reviewsC · bedewsC · friendD · suspendD · o'erflowE · woeE · shownF · addisonF
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
O long with me in Oxford groves confin'd,10·····/˘·˘/
In social arts and sacred friendship join'd;10·/˘··/˘/˘·
Fair Isis' sorrow, and fair Isis' boast,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Lost from her side, but fortunately lost;10·····/˘˘˘·
Thy wonted aid, my dear companion! bring,10·/˘···˘/˘·
And teach me thy departed friend to sing:10····˘/˘···
A darling theme! once powerful to inspire,10·/˘··/˘·˘/
And now to melt, the muses' mournful choir:11·····/˘/˘/˘
Now, and now first, we freely dare commend10·····/˘·˘/
His modest worth, nor shall our praise offend.10·/˘···/·˘/
Early he bloom'd amid the learned train,10/˘··˘/··˘·
And ravish'd Isis listen'd to his strain.10···/˘/˘···
"See, see," she cried, "old Maro's muse appears,10·····/˘·˘/
Wak'd from her slumber of two thousand years:10···/˘··/˘·
Her finish'd charms to Addison she brings,10·/˘··/˘˘··
Thinks in his thought, and in his numbers sings.10·······/˘·
All read transported his pure classic page;10··˘/˘··/˘·
Read, and forget their climate and their age."10··˘/·/˘···
The state, when now his rising fame was known,10·····/˘···
Th' unrival'd genius challeng'd for her own,10˘/˘/˘/˘···
Nor would that one, for scenes for action strong,10·······/˘·
Should let a life evaporate in song.10····˘/˘···
As health and strength the brightest charms dispense,10·····/˘·˘/
Wit is the blossom of the soundest sense:10···/˘··/˘·
Yet few, how few, with lofty thoughts inspir'd,11·····/˘·˘/˘
With quickness pointed, and with rapture fir'd,11·/˘/˘··/˘/˘
In conscious pride their own importance find,10·/˘···˘/˘·
Blind to themselves, as the hard world is blind!10··˘/······
Wit they esteem a gay but worthless power,11··˘/···/˘/˘
The slight amusement of a leisure hour;11··˘/˘··/˘/˘
Unmindful that, conceal'd from vulgar eyes,10····˘/·/˘·
Majestic wisdom wears the bright disguise.10˘/˘/˘···˘/
Poor Dido fondled thus, with idle joy,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Dread Cupid, lurking in the Trojan boy;10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Lightly she toy'd, and trifled with his charms,10/˘···/˘···
And knew not that a god was in her arms.10··········
Who greatest excellence of thought could boast,10·/˘/˘˘····
In action, too, have been distinguish'd most:10·/˘···˘/˘·
This Sommers(46) knew, and Addison sent forth10·/˘··/˘˘··
From the malignant regions of the north,10··˘/˘/˘···
To be matur'd in more indulgent skies,10··˘/··˘/˘·
Where all the vigour of the soul can rise;10···/˘·····
Thro' warmer veins where sprightlier spirits run,10·/˘····/˘·
And sense enliven'd sparkles in the sun.10··˘/˘/˘···
With secret pain the prudent patriot gave10·/˘··/˘/˘·
The hopes of Britain to the rolling wave,10···/˘··/˘·
Anxious, the charge to all the stars resign'd,10/˘······˘/
And plac'd a confidence in sea and wind.10···/˘˘····
Ausonia soon receiv'd her wondering guest,10····˘/·/˘·
And equal wonder in her turn confess'd,10·/˘/˘···˘/
To see her fervours rival'd by the pole,10···/˘/˘···
Her lustre beaming from a northern soul:10·/˘/˘··/˘·
In like surprise was her Æneas lost,8··˘/····
To find his picture grace a foreign coast.10···/˘··/˘·
Now the wide field of Europe he surveys,10·····/˘·˘/
Compares her kings, her thrones and empires weighs,10˘/·····/˘·
In ripen'd judgment and consummate thought;10·/˘/˘·/˘˘·
Great work! by Nassau's favour cheaply bought.10···/˘/˘/˘·
He now returns to Britain a support,10··˘/·/˘·˘/
Wise in her senate, graceful in her court;10···/˘/˘···
And when the public welfare would permit,10···/˘/··˘/
The source of learning, and the soul of wit.10···/˘·····
O Warwick! (whom the muse is fond to name,10·/˘·······
And kindles, conscious of her future theme,)10·/˘/˘··/˘·
O Warwick! by divine contagion bright!10·/˘·˘/˘/˘·
How early didst thou catch his radiant light!10·/˘····/˘·
By him inspir'd, how shine before thy time,10··˘/······
And leave thy years, and leap into thy prime!10··········
On some warm bank, thus, fortunately born,10·····/˘˘˘·
A rose-bud opens to a summer's morn,10···/˘··/˘·
Full-blown ere noon her fragrant pride displays,10·····/˘·˘/
And shows th' abundance of her purple rays.10··˘/˘··/˘·
Wit, as her bays, was once a barren tree;10·······/˘·
We now, surpris'd, her fruitful branches see;10··˘/·/˘/˘·
Or, orange-like, till his auspicious time10·/˘···˘/˘·
It grew indeed, but shiver'd in our clime:10··˘/·/˘·/·
He first the plant to richer gardens led,10·····/˘/˘·
And fix'd, indulgent, in a warmer bed:10··˘/˘··/˘·
The nation, pleas'd, enjoys the rich produce,10·/˘·˘/··˘/
And gathers from her ornament her use.10·/˘··/˘˘··
When loose from public cares the grove he sought,10···/˘·····
And fill'd the leisure interval with thought,10···/˘/˘˘··
The various labours of his easy page,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
A chance amusement, polish'd half an age.10··˘/˘/˘···
Beyond this truth old bards could scarce invent,10········˘/
Who durst to frame a world by accident.10·······/˘˘
What he has sung, how early and how well,10·····/˘···
The Thames shall boast, and Roman Tiber tell.10·····/˘/˘·
A glory more sublime remains in store,10·/˘·˘/˘/··
Since such his talents, that he sung no more.10···/˘·····
No fuller proof of power th' Almighty gave,10·/˘··/˘/˘·
Making the sea, than curbing her proud wave.10/˘···/˘···
Nought can the genius of his works transcend,10···/˘···˘/
But their fair purpose and important end;10···/˘·˘/˘·
To rouse the war for injur'd Europe's laws,10·····/˘/˘·
To steel the patriot in great Brunswick's cause;10···/˘··/˘·
With virtue's charms to kindle sacred love,10·/˘··/˘/˘·
Or paint th' eternal bowers of bliss above.10··˘/˘/····
Where hadst thou room, great author! where to roll10·····/˘···
The mighty theme of an immortal soul?10·/˘···˘/˘·
Through paths unknown, unbeaten, whence were brought10··˘/˘/˘···
Thy proofs so strong for immaterial thought?10······˘/˘·
One let me join, all other may excel.10·····/˘·˘/
"How could a mortal essence think so well?"10···/˘/˘···
But why so large in the great writer's praise?10·······/˘·
More lofty subjects should my numbers raise;10·/˘/˘··/˘·
In him (illustrious rivalry!) contend10··˘/˘/˘˘˘/
The statesman, patriot, Christian, and the friend!10·/˘/˘/˘···
His glory such, it borders on disgrace10·/˘··/˘·˘/
To say he sung the best of human race.10·······/˘·
In joy once join'd, in sorrow now for years,10·····/˘···
Partner in grief, and brother of my tears,10/˘···/˘···
Tickell! accept this verse, thy mournful due;10··˘/···/˘·
Thou further shalt the sacred theme pursue;10·/˘··/˘·˘/
And, as thy strain describes the matchless man,10····˘/·/˘·
Thy life shall second what thy muse began.10···/˘···˘/
Though sweet the numbers, though a fire divine10···/˘··/˘/
Dart through the whole, and burn in every line,10·······/˘·
Who strives not for that excellence he draws,10·····/˘˘··
Is stain'd by fame, and suffers from applause.10·····/˘·˘/
But haste to thy illustrious task; prepare10····˘/˘·˘/
The noble work well trusted to thy care,10·/˘··/˘···
The gift(47) bequeath'd by Addison's command,10··˘/·/˘˘˘/
To Craggs made sacred by his dying hand.10···/˘··/˘·
Collect the labours, join the various rays,10˘/·/˘··/˘·
The scatter'd light in one united blaze;10·/˘···˘/˘·
Then bear to him so true, so truly lov'd,10·······/˘·
In life distinguished, and in death approv'd,10··˘/˘···˘/
Th' immortal legacy. He hangs awhile10˘/˘/˘˘··˘/
In generous anguish o'er the glorious pile;10·/˘/˘··/˘·
With anxious pleasure the known page reviews,10·/˘/˘···˘/
And the dear pledge with falling tears bedews.10·····/˘···
What though thy tears, pour'd o'er thy godlike friend,10·······/˘·
Thy other cares for Britain's weal suspend?10·/˘··/˘·˘/
Think not, O patriot! while thy eyes o'erflow,10···/˘·····
Those cares suspended for a private woe;10··˘/˘··/˘·
Thy love to him is to thy country shown;10·······/˘·
He mourns for her who mourns for Addison.10·······/˘˘

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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