To Waken an Old Lady

William Carlos Williams (1883–1963) · 1921

Free verse · unrhymed · 18 lines · from Sour Grapes

Old age isa flight of smallcheeping birdsskimmingbare treesabove a snow glaze.Gaining and failingthey are buffettedby a dark wind--But what?On harsh weedstalksthe flock has rested,the snowis covered with brokenseedhusksand the wind temperedby a shrillpiping of plenty.

Words in this poem

skimming n.
The act of one who skims.
piping a.
Playing on a musical pipe. [From Pipe, v.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

To Waken an Old Lady is in the public domain. This text is taken from Sour Grapes: A Book of Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #35667; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: William Carlos Williams, To Waken an Old Lady, in Sour Grapes (1921), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #35667, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/williams-sour-grapes/to-waken-an-old-lady.html, id L01158.

Form and metre

To Waken an Old Lady is 18 lines in a single verse paragraph. It is unrhymed, as far as the pronouncing dictionary can tell. 90% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 3.7 syllables. 7 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 72% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Old age is3···
a flight of small4····
cheeping birds3···
skimming2
bare trees2··
above a snow glaze.5·····
Gaining and failing5/˘·/˘
they are buffetted5··/˘˘
by a dark wind--4····
But what?2··
On harsh weedstalks4····
the flock has rested,5···/˘
the snow2··
is covered with broken6·/˘·/˘
seedhusks2··
and the wind tempered5···/˘
by a shrill3···
piping of plenty.5/˘·/˘

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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