A Song of Emptiness

Michael Wigglesworth (1631–1705) · 1662

iambic pentameter · ABAB · 109 lines · from The Day of Doom

Vain, frail, short-liv'd, and miserable Man,Learn what thou art when thy estate is best;A restless Wave o' th' troubled Oce-an,A Dream, a lifeless Picture finely drest.

A Wind, a Flower, a Vapor, and a Bubble,A Wheel that stands not still, a trembling Reed,A trolling Stone, dry Dust, light Chaff, and Stubble,A shadow of something but truly naught indeed.

Learn what deceitful Toys and empty thingsThis World and all its best Enjoyments be;Out of the Earth no true Contentment springs,But all things here are vexing Vanity.

For what is Beauty but a fading Flower?Or what is Pleasure but the Devil's bait,Whereby he catcheth whom he would devour,And multitudes of Souls doth ruinate?

And what are Friends but mortal men as we,Whom Death from us may quickly separate?Or else their hearts may quite estrangéd be,And all their love be turnéd into hate.

And what are Riches to be doted on?Uncertain, fickle, and ensnaring things;They draw men's Souls into Perditi-on,And when most needed take them to their wings.

Ah! foolish man! that sets his heart uponSuch empty shadows, such wild Fowl as these,That being gotten will be quickly gone,And whilst they stay increase but his disease.

As in a Dropsy, drinking drought begets,The more he drinks the more he still requires,So on this World whoso affection sets,As Wealth's increase, increaseth his desires.

O happy Man, whose portion is above,Where Floods, where Flames, where Foes cannot bereave him!Most wretched Man that fixéd hath his loveUpon this World, that surely will deceive him!

For what is Honor? what is Sovereignty,Whereto men's hearts so restlessly aspire?Whom have they crownéd with Felicity?When did they ever satisfy desire?

The Ear of Man with hearing is not fill'd;To see new sights still coveteth the Eye;The craving stomach, though it may be still'd,Yet craves again without a new supply.

All Earthly things man's cravings answer not,Whose little heart would all the World contain,(If all the World should fall to one man's lot)And notwithstanding empty still remain.

The Eastern Conqueror was said to weepWhen he the Indian Oce-an did view,To see his Conquest bounded by the Deep,And no more Worlds remaining to subdue.

Who would that man in his Enjoyment bless,Or envy him, or covet his Estate,Whose gettings do augment his greediness,And make his wishes more intemperate?

Such is the wonted and the common guiseOf those on Earth that bear the greatest sway;If with a few the case be otherwise,They seek a Kingdom that abides for aye.

Moreover they of all the Sons of MenThat rule, and are in highest Places set,Are most inclin'd to scorn their Bretheren,And God himself (without great Grace) forget.

For as the Sun doth blind the gazers' eyes,That for a time they naught discern aright,So Honor doth befool and blind the Wise,And their own lustre 'reaves them of their sight.

Great are their Dangers, manifold their Cares,Through which, whilst others sleep, they scarcely Nap,And yet are oft surpriséd unawares,And fall unwilling into Envy's Trap.

The mean Mechanic finds his kindly rest;All void of fear sleepeth the Country Clown;When greatest Princes often are distrest,And cannot sleep upon their Beds of Down.

Could Strength or Valor men Immortalize,Could Wealth or Honor keep them from decay,There were some cause the same to Idolize,And give the lie to that which I do say.

But neither can such things themselves endure,Without the hazard of a change, one hour,Nor such as trust in them can they secureFrom dismal days, or Death's prevailing pow'r.

If Beauty could the Beautiful defendFrom Death's dominion, then fair AbsalomHad not been brought to such a shameful end:But fair and foul unto the Grave must come.

If Wealth or Scepters could Immortal make,Then, wealthy Crœsus, wherefore art thou dead?If Warlike force which makes the World to quake,Then why is Julius Cæsar perishéd?

Where are the Scipio's Thunderbolts of War?Renownéd Pompey, Cæsar's Enemy?Stout Hannibal, Rome's Terror known so far?Great Alexander, what's become of thee?

If Gifts and Bribes Death's favor might but win,If Pow'r, if Force, or Threat'nings might it fray,All these, and more had still surviving been;But all are gone, for Death will have no Nay.

Such is this World, with all her Pomp and Glory;Such are the men whom worldly eyes admire,Cut down by time, and now become a Story,That we might after better things aspire.

Go boast thyself of what thy heart enjoys,Vain Man! triumph in all thy worldly Bliss:Thy best Enjoyments are but Trash and Toys;Delight thyself in that which worthless is.Omnia prætereunt præter amare Deum.

Words in this poem 17
fading n.
An Irish dance; also, the burden of a song.
ruinate v. i.
To fall; to tumble.
doted a.
Stupid; foolish.
whoso pron.
Whosoever. Piers Plowman.
whereto adv.
To which; -- used relatively.
aspire v. t.
To aspire to; to long for; to try to reach; to mount to.
wonted a.
Accustomed; customary; usual.
aright adv.
Rightly; correctly; in a right way or form; without mistake or crime; as, to worship God aright. [Pref. a- + right.]
befool v. t.
To fool; to delude or lead into error; to infatuate; to deceive. [OE. befolen; pref. be- + fol fool.]
lustre n.
A period of five years; a lustrum. [L. lustrum: cf. F. lustre.]
immortalize v. t.
To render immortal; to cause to live or exist forever. S. Clarke. [Cf. F. immortaliser.]
wealth n.
Weal; welfare; prosperity; good. [OE. welthe, from wele; cf. D. weelde luxury. See Weal prosperity.]
idolize v. t.
To make an idol of; to pay idolatrous worship to; as, to idolize the sacred bull in Egypt.
dismal a.
Fatal; ill-omened; unlucky. [Formerly a noun; e. g., "I trow it was in the dismalle." Chaucer. Of uncertain origin; but perh. (as suggested by Skeat) from OF. disme, F. dîme, tithe, the phr]
wherefore adv.
For which reason; so; -- used relatively. [Where + for.]
surviving a.
Remaining alive; yet living or existing; as, surviving friends; surviving customs.
admire v. t.
To regard with wonder or astonishment; to view with surprise; to marvel at. [F. admirer, fr. L. admirari; ad + mirari to wonder, for smirari, akin to Gr. smi, and E. smile.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

A Song of Emptiness is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Day of Doom; Or, A Poetical Description of the Great and Last Judgment With Other Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #58716; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Michael Wigglesworth, A Song of Emptiness, in The Day of Doom (1662), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #58716, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/wigglesworth-doom/a-song-of-emptiness.html, id L09217.

Form and metre

A Song of Emptiness is 109 lines in 27 stanzas. The rhyme scheme is ABAB, complete in 18 of its 27 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 90%). 96% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 9.8 syllables. 13 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 8% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABAB manA · bestB · anA · drestB
  2. 2 ABAB bubbleA · reedB · stubbleA · indeedB
  3. 3 A-A- thingsA · be · springsA · vanity
  4. 4 ABAB flowerA · baitB · devourA · ruinateB
  5. 5 ABAB weA · separateB · beA · hateB
  6. 6 ABAB onA · thingsB · onA · wingsB
  7. 7 -A-A upon · theseA · gone · diseaseA
  8. 8 ABAB begetsA · requiresB · setsA · desiresB
  9. 9 ABAB aboveA · himB · loveA · himB
  10. 11 ABAB fill'dA · eyeB · still'dA · supplyB
  11. 12 ABAB notA · containB · lotA · remainB
  12. 13 ABAB weepA · viewB · deepA · subdueB
  13. 14 ABAB blessA · estateB · greedinessA · intemperateB
  14. 15 A-A- guiseA · sway · otherwiseA · aye
  15. 16 -A-A men · setA · bretheren · forgetA
  16. 17 ABAB eyesA · arightB · wiseA · sightB
  17. 18 ABAB caresA · napB · unawaresA · trapB
  18. 19 ABAB restA · clownB · distrestA · downB
  19. 20 ABAB immortalizeA · decayB · idolizeA · sayB
  20. 21 A-A- endureA · hour · secureA · pow'r
  21. 22 ABAB defendA · absalomB · endA · comeB
  22. 23 A-A- makeA · dead · quakeA · perishéd
  23. 25 ABAB winA · frayB · beenA · nayB
  24. 26 ABAB gloryA · admireB · storyA · aspireB
  25. 27 A-A-- enjoysA · bliss · toysA · is · deum
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Vain, frail, short-liv'd, and miserable Man,10·····/˘˘˘·
Learn what thou art when thy estate is best;10······˘/··
A restless Wave o' th' troubled Oce-an,10·/˘··/˘˘··
A Dream, a lifeless Picture finely drest.10···/˘/˘/˘·
A Wind, a Flower, a Vapor, and a Bubble,11···/·/˘··/˘
A Wheel that stands not still, a trembling Reed,10·······/˘·
A trolling Stone, dry Dust, light Chaff, and Stubble,11·/˘······/˘
A shadow of something but truly naught indeed.12·/··/˘·/˘·˘/
Learn what deceitful Toys and empty things10··˘/˘··/˘·
This World and all its best Enjoyments be;10······˘/˘·
Out of the Earth no true Contentment springs,10······˘/˘·
But all things here are vexing Vanity.10·····/˘/˘˘
For what is Beauty but a fading Flower?11···/˘··/˘/˘
Or what is Pleasure but the Devil's bait,10···/˘··/˘·
Whereby he catcheth whom he would devour,11···/˘···˘/˘
And multitudes of Souls doth ruinate?10·/˘····/˘˘
And what are Friends but mortal men as we,10·····/˘···
Whom Death from us may quickly separate?10·····/˘/˘·
Or else their hearts may quite estrangéd be,9·········
And all their love be turnéd into hate.9·········
And what are Riches to be doted on?10···/˘··/˘·
Uncertain, fickle, and ensnaring things;10˘/˘/˘·˘/˘·
They draw men's Souls into Perditi-on,10··········
And when most needed take them to their wings.10···/˘·····
Ah! foolish man! that sets his heart upon10·/˘·······
Such empty shadows, such wild Fowl as these,10·/˘/······
That being gotten will be quickly gone,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
And whilst they stay increase but his disease.10····˘/··˘/
As in a Dropsy, drinking drought begets,10···/˘/˘·˘/
The more he drinks the more he still requires,11········˘/˘
So on this World whoso affection sets,10····/˘˘/˘·
As Wealth's increase, increaseth his desires.11··˘/˘/˘·˘/˘
O happy Man, whose portion is above,10·/˘··/˘···
Where Floods, where Flames, where Foes cannot bereave him!11······˘/˘/·
Most wretched Man that fixéd hath his love9·/˘······
Upon this World, that surely will deceive him!11·····/˘·˘/·
For what is Honor? what is Sovereignty,10···/˘··/˘˘
Whereto men's hearts so restlessly aspire?10˘/···/˘˘˘/
Whom have they crownéd with Felicity?9·····˘/˘˘
When did they ever satisfy desire?11···/˘/˘·˘/˘
The Ear of Man with hearing is not fill'd;10·····/˘···
To see new sights still coveteth the Eye;10·····/˘˘··
The craving stomach, though it may be still'd,10·/˘/˘·····
Yet craves again without a new supply.10··˘/····˘/
All Earthly things man's cravings answer not,10·/˘··/˘/˘·
Whose little heart would all the World contain,10·/˘·····˘/
(If all the World should fall to one man's lot)10··········
And notwithstanding empty still remain.10··˘/˘/˘·˘/
The Eastern Conqueror was said to weep10·/˘/˘˘····
When he the Indian Oce-an did view,10···/˘˘····
To see his Conquest bounded by the Deep,10···/˘/˘···
And no more Worlds remaining to subdue.10····˘/˘·˘/
Who would that man in his Enjoyment bless,10······˘/˘·
Or envy him, or covet his Estate,10·/˘··/˘·˘/
Whose gettings do augment his greediness,10·/˘·˘/·/˘˘
And make his wishes more intemperate?10···/˘·˘/˘˘
Such is the wonted and the common guise10···/˘··/˘·
Of those on Earth that bear the greatest sway;10·······/˘·
If with a few the case be otherwise,10·······/˘·
They seek a Kingdom that abides for aye.10···/˘·˘/··
Moreover they of all the Sons of Men10˘/˘·······
That rule, and are in highest Places set,10·····/˘/˘·
Are most inclin'd to scorn their Bretheren,10··˘/······
And God himself (without great Grace) forget.10··˘/····˘/
For as the Sun doth blind the gazers' eyes,10··········
That for a time they naught discern aright,10······˘/˘/
So Honor doth befool and blind the Wise,10·/˘·˘/····
And their own lustre 'reaves them of their sight.10···/˘·····
Great are their Dangers, manifold their Cares,10···/˘/˘···
Through which, whilst others sleep, they scarcely Nap,10···/˘··/˘·
And yet are oft surpriséd unawares,9·······˘/
And fall unwilling into Envy's Trap.10··˘/˘··/˘·
The mean Mechanic finds his kindly rest;10··˘/˘··/˘·
All void of fear sleepeth the Country Clown;10····/˘·/˘·
When greatest Princes often are distrest,10·/˘/˘/˘···
And cannot sleep upon their Beds of Down.10·/˘·······
Could Strength or Valor men Immortalize,10···/˘·˘/˘˘
Could Wealth or Honor keep them from decay,10···/˘···˘/
There were some cause the same to Idolize,10·······/˘·
And give the lie to that which I do say.10··········
But neither can such things themselves endure,10·/˘···˘/˘/
Without the hazard of a change, one hour,11···/˘····/˘
Nor such as trust in them can they secure10········˘/
From dismal days, or Death's prevailing pow'r.10·/˘···˘/˘·
If Beauty could the Beautiful defend10·/˘··/˘˘˘/
From Death's dominion, then fair Absalom10··˘/˘··/˘˘
Had not been brought to such a shameful end:10·······/˘·
But fair and foul unto the Grave must come.10··········
If Wealth or Scepters could Immortal make,10······˘/˘·
Then, wealthy Crœsus, wherefore art thou dead?10·/˘··/˘···
If Warlike force which makes the World to quake,10·/········
Then why is Julius Cæsar perishéd?8···/˘···
Where are the Scipio's Thunderbolts of War?10···/˘/˘···
Renownéd Pompey, Cæsar's Enemy?8··/˘·/˘˘
Stout Hannibal, Rome's Terror known so far?10·/˘˘·/˘···
Great Alexander, what's become of thee?10··˘/˘·˘/··
If Gifts and Bribes Death's favor might but win,10·····/˘···
If Pow'r, if Force, or Threat'nings might it fray,10··········
All these, and more had still surviving been;10······˘/˘·
But all are gone, for Death will have no Nay.10··········
Such is this World, with all her Pomp and Glory;11·········/˘
Such are the men whom worldly eyes admire,10·····/˘·˘/
Cut down by time, and now become a Story,11······˘/·/˘
That we might after better things aspire.10·····/˘·˘/
Go boast thyself of what thy heart enjoys,10··˘/····˘/
Vain Man! triumph in all thy worldly Bliss:10··/˘···/˘·
Thy best Enjoyments are but Trash and Toys;10··˘/˘·····
Delight thyself in that which worthless is.10˘/˘/···/˘·
Omnia prætereunt præter amare Deum.10··········

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