On the Earl of Strafford's Trial and Death

Edmund Waller (1606–1687) · 1645–1668

iambic trimeter · rhyming couplets · 133 lines · from Poetical Works

Great Strafford! worthy of that name, though allOf thee could be forgotten, but thy fall,Crush'd by imaginary treason's weight,Which too much merit did accumulate.As chemists gold from brass by fire would draw,Pretexts are into treason forged by law.His wisdom such, at once it did appearThree kingdoms' wonder, and three kingdoms' fear;Whilst single he stood forth, and seem'd, althoughEach had an army, as an equal foe.Such was his force of eloquence, to makeThe hearers more concern'd than he that spake;Each seem'd to act that part he came to see,And none was more a looker-on than he;So did he move our passions, some were knownTo wish, for the defence, the crime their own.Now private pity strove with public hate,Reason with rage, and eloquence with fate:Now they could him, if he could them, forgive;He's not too guilty, but too wise, to live:Less seem those facts which treason's nickname bore,Than such a fear'd ability for more.They after death their fears of him express,His innocence and their own guilt confess.Their legislative frenzy they repent,Enacting it should make no precedent.This fate he could have 'scaped, but would not loseHonour for life, but rather nobly choseDeath from their fears, than safety from his own,That his last action all the rest might crown.

Toll, toll,Gentle bell, for the soulOf the pure ones in Pole,Which are damn'd in our scroll.

Who having felt a touchOf Cockram's greedy clutch,Which though it was not much,Yet their stubbornness was such,

That when we did arrive,'Gainst the stream we did strive;They would neither lead nor drive;

Nor lendAn ear to a friend,Nor an answer would sendTo our letter so well penn'd;

Nor assist our affairsWith their moneys nor their wares,As their answer now declares,But only with their prayers.

Thus they did persistDid and said what they list,'Till the Diet was dismiss'd;But then our breech they kiss'd.

For whenIt was moved there and then,They should pay one in ten,The Diet said, Amen.

And because they are bothTo discover the troth,They must give word and oath,Though they will forfeit both.

Thus the constitutionCondemns them every one,From the father to the son.

But John(Our friend) MollessonThought us to have outgoneWith a quaint invention.

Like the prophets of yore,He complain'd long before,Of the mischiefs in store,Ay, and thrice as much more;

And with that wicked lie,A letter they came byFrom our King's majesty.

But fateBrought the letter too late,'Twas of too old a dateTo relieve their damn'd state.

The letter's to be seen,With seal of wax so green,At Dantzig, where 't has beenTurn'd into good Latin.

But he that gave the hint,This letter for to print,Must also pay his stint.

That trick,Had it come in the nick,Had touch'd us to the quick;But the messenger fell sick.

Had it later been wrote,And sooner been brought,They had got what they sought;But now it serves for nought.

On Sandys they ran aground,And our return was crown'dWith full ten thousand pound.

Our resident Tom,From Venice is come,And hath left the statesman behind him;Talks at the same pitch,Is as wise, is as rich;And just where you left him, you find him.

But who says he was notA man of much plot,May repent that false accusation;Having plotted and penn'dSix plays, to attendThe farce of his negotiation.

Before you were toldHow Satan the oldCame here with a beard to his middle;Though he changed face and name,Old Will was the same,At the noise of a can and a fiddle.

These statesmen, you believe,Send straight for the shrieve,For he is one too, or would be;But he drinks no wine,Which is a shrewd signThat all's not so well as it should be.

These three, when they drink,How little do they thinkOf banishment, debts, or dying?Not old with their years,Nor cold with their fears;But their angry stars still defying.

Mirth makes them not mad,Nor sobriety sad;But of that they are seldom in danger;At Paris, at Rome,At the Hague, they're at home;The good fellow is no where a stranger.

Words in this poem 17
looker n.
One who looks. Looker-on, a spectator; one that looks on, but has no agency or part in an affair.
defence n.
The act of defending, or the state of being defended; protection, as from violence or danger. [F. défense, OF. defense, fem., defens, masc., fr. L. defensa (cf. Fence.]
repent a.
Prostrate and rooting; -- said of stems. Gray. [L. repens, -entis, creeping, p. pr. of repere to creep.]
honour n.
Esteem due or paid to worth; high estimation; respect; consideration; reverence; veneration; manifestation of respect or reverence. [OE. honor, honour, onour, onur, OF. honor, onor, honur, onur, honour, onour, F. honneur, fr. L. honor, honos.]
nobly adv.
Of noble extraction; as, nobly born or descended.
amen interj.
An expression used at the end of prayers, and meaning, So be it. At the end of a creed, it is a solemn asseveration of belief. [L. amen, Gr. am certainly, truly.]
discover v. i.
To discover or show one's self.
troth n.
Belief; faith; fidelity. [A variant of truth. See Truth.]
quaint a.
Prudent; wise; hence, crafty; artful; wily. [OE. queint, queynte, coint, prudent, wise, cunning, pretty, odd, OF. cointe cultivated, amiable, agreeable, neat, fr. L. cognitus known, p. p. of cognoscere to ]
yore adv.
In time long past; in old time; long since. [OE. , yare, , AS. geára;akin to geár a year, E. year. Year.]
relieve v. t.
To lift up; to raise again, as one who has fallen; to cause to rise. Piers Plowman. [OE. releven, F. relever to raise again, discharge, relieve, fr. L. relevare to lift up, raise, make light, relieve; pref. re- re- + levare to raise, fr. levis l]
nick n.
A notch cut into something; as: (a) A score for keeping an account; a reckoning. [Akin to Nock.]
wrote v. i.
To root with the snout. See 1st Root. [OE. wroten. See 1st Root.]
shrieve v. t.
To shrive; to question.
shrewd a.
Inclining to shrew; disposing to curse or scold; hence, vicious; malicious; evil; wicked; mischievous; vexatious; rough; unfair; shrewish. [Originally the p. p. of shrew, v.t.]
angry a.
Troublesome; vexatious; rigorous. [See Anger.]
sobriety n.
Habitual soberness or temperance as to the use of spirituous liquors; as, a man of sobriety. [L. sobrietas: cf. F. sobriété. See Sober.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

On the Earl of Strafford's Trial and Death is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poetical Works of Edmund Waller and Sir John Denham, Project Gutenberg ebook #12322; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Edmund Waller, On the Earl of Strafford's Trial and Death, in Poetical Works (1645–1668), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #12322, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/waller-denham/on-the-earl-of-strafford-s-trial-and-death.html, id L09149.

Form and metre

On the Earl of Strafford's Trial and Death is 133 lines in 25 verse paragraphs. It is in rhyming couplets, 71% of the lines. The metre is iambic trimeter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 82%). 95% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 7.0 syllables. 13 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 23% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in rhyming couplets, other poems in iambic trimeter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHBBIIJJKKLL--H- allA · fallA · weightB · accumulateB · drawC · lawC · appearD · fearD · althoughE · foeE · makeF · spakeF · seeG · heG · knownH · ownH · hateB · fateB · forgiveI · liveI · boreJ · moreJ · expressK · confessK · repentL · precedentL · lose · chose · ownH · crown
  2. 2 AAAA tollA · soulA · poleA · scrollA
  3. 3 AAAA touchA · clutchA · muchA · suchA
  4. 4 AAA arriveA · striveA · driveA
  5. 5 AAAA lendA · friendA · sendA · penn'dA
  6. 6 AAAA affairsA · waresA · declaresA · prayersA
  7. 7 AAAA persistA · listA · dismiss'dA · kiss'dA
  8. 8 AAAA whenA · thenA · tenA · amenA
  9. 9 AAAA bothA · trothA · oathA · bothA
  10. 10 AAA constitutionA · oneA · sonA
  11. 11 ABBA johnA · mollessonB · outgoneB · inventionA
  12. 12 AAAA yoreA · beforeA · storeA · moreA
  13. 13 AA- lieA · byA · majesty
  14. 14 AAAA fateA · lateA · dateA · stateA
  15. 15 AA-A seenA · greenA · been · latinA
  16. 16 AAA hintA · printA · stintA
  17. 17 AAAA trickA · nickA · quickA · sickA
  18. 18 -AAA wrote · broughtA · soughtA · noughtA
  19. 19 AAA agroundA · crown'dA · poundA
  20. 20 --ABBA tom · come · himA · pitchB · richB · himA
  21. 21 AABCCB notA · plotA · accusationB · penn'dC · attendC · negotiationB
  22. 22 AABCCB toldA · oldA · middleB · nameC · sameC · fiddleB
  23. 23 AABCCB believeA · shrieveA · beB · wineC · signC · beB
  24. 24 AABCCB drinkA · thinkA · dyingB · yearsC · fearsC · defyingB
  25. 25 AABCCB madA · sadA · dangerB · romeC · homeC · strangerB
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic trimeter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Great Strafford! worthy of that name, though all10···/˘·····
Of thee could be forgotten, but thy fall,10····˘/˘···
Crush'd by imaginary treason's weight,10··˘/˘·˘/˘·
Which too much merit did accumulate.10···/˘·˘/˘·
As chemists gold from brass by fire would draw,10·/˘····/··
Pretexts are into treason forged by law.10/····/˘···
His wisdom such, at once it did appear10·/˘·····˘/
Three kingdoms' wonder, and three kingdoms' fear;10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Whilst single he stood forth, and seem'd, although10·/˘·······
Each had an army, as an equal foe.10···/˘··/˘·
Such was his force of eloquence, to make10·····/˘˘··
The hearers more concern'd than he that spake;10·/˘·˘/····
Each seem'd to act that part he came to see,10··········
And none was more a looker-on than he;10·····/˘···
So did he move our passions, some were known10····//˘···
To wish, for the defence, the crime their own.10····˘/····
Now private pity strove with public hate,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Reason with rage, and eloquence with fate:10/˘···/˘˘··
Now they could him, if he could them, forgive;10········˘/
He's not too guilty, but too wise, to live:10···/˘·····
Less seem those facts which treason's nickname bore,10·····/˘/··
Than such a fear'd ability for more.10····˘/˘˘··
They after death their fears of him express,10········˘/
His innocence and their own guilt confess.10·/˘˘····˘/
Their legislative frenzy they repent,10·/˘·˘/˘·˘/
Enacting it should make no precedent.10˘/˘····/˘˘
This fate he could have 'scaped, but would not lose10··········
Honour for life, but rather nobly chose10/˘···/˘/˘·
Death from their fears, than safety from his own,10·····/˘···
That his last action all the rest might crown.10···/˘·····
Toll, toll,2··
Gentle bell, for the soul6/˘····
Of the pure ones in Pole,6······
Which are damn'd in our scroll.7····/˘·
Who having felt a touch6·/˘···
Of Cockram's greedy clutch,6···/˘·
Which though it was not much,6······
Yet their stubbornness was such,7··/˘˘··
That when we did arrive,6····˘/
'Gainst the stream we did strive;6······
They would neither lead nor drive;7··/˘···
Nor lend2··
An ear to a friend,5·····
Nor an answer would send6··/˘··
To our letter so well penn'd;8·/˘/˘···
Nor assist our affairs7·˘//˘˘/
With their moneys nor their wares,7··/˘···
As their answer now declares,7··/˘·˘/
But only with their prayers.6·/˘···
Thus they did persist5···˘/
Did and said what they list,6······
'Till the Diet was dismiss'd;7··/˘·˘/
But then our breech they kiss'd.7··/˘···
For when2··
It was moved there and then,6······
They should pay one in ten,6······
The Diet said, Amen.6·/˘·˘/
And because they are both6······
To discover the troth,6·˘/˘··
They must give word and oath,6······
Though they will forfeit both.6···/˘·
Thus the constitution6···˘/˘
Condemns them every one,7˘/·/˘˘·
From the father to the son.7··/˘···
But John2··
(Our friend) Mollesson6/˘····
Thought us to have outgone6······
With a quaint invention.6···˘/˘
Like the prophets of yore,6··/˘··
He complain'd long before,6·˘/···
Of the mischiefs in store,6··/˘··
Ay, and thrice as much more;6······
And with that wicked lie,6···/˘·
A letter they came by6·/˘···
From our King's majesty.7·/˘·/˘˘
But fate2··
Brought the letter too late,6··/˘··
'Twas of too old a date6······
To relieve their damn'd state.6·˘/···
The letter's to be seen,6·/˘···
With seal of wax so green,6······
At Dantzig, where 't has been7·······
Turn'd into good Latin.6····/˘
But he that gave the hint,6······
This letter for to print,6·/˘···
Must also pay his stint.6·/˘···
That trick,2··
Had it come in the nick,6······
Had touch'd us to the quick;6······
But the messenger fell sick.7··/˘˘··
Had it later been wrote,6··/˘··
And sooner been brought,5·/˘··
They had got what they sought;6······
But now it serves for nought.6······
On Sandys they ran aground,7·/˘··˘/
And our return was crown'd7·/˘˘/··
With full ten thousand pound.6···/˘·
Our resident Tom,6/˘/˘˘·
From Venice is come,5·/˘··
And hath left the statesman behind him;9····/˘···
Talks at the same pitch,5·····
Is as wise, is as rich;6······
And just where you left him, you find him.9·········
But who says he was not6······
A man of much plot,5·····
May repent that false accusation;9·˘/···˘/˘
Having plotted and penn'd6/˘/˘··
Six plays, to attend5···˘/
The farce of his negotiation.9····˘·˘/˘
Before you were told5·····
How Satan the old5·/˘··
Came here with a beard to his middle;9·······/˘
Though he changed face and name,6······
Old Will was the same,5·····
At the noise of a can and a fiddle.10········/˘
These statesmen, you believe,6·/˘·˘/
Send straight for the shrieve,5·····
For he is one too, or would be;8········
But he drinks no wine,5·····
Which is a shrewd sign5·····
That all's not so well as it should be.9·········
These three, when they drink,5·····
How little do they think6·/˘···
Of banishment, debts, or dying?8·/˘˘··/˘
Not old with their years,5·····
Nor cold with their fears;5·····
But their angry stars still defying.9··/˘··˘/˘
Mirth makes them not mad,5·····
Nor sobriety sad;6·˘/˘˘·
But of that they are seldom in danger;10·····/˘·/˘
At Paris, at Rome,5·/˘··
At the Hague, they're at home;6······
The good fellow is no where a stranger.10··/˘····/˘
Notes from the edition 1

George Gilfillan's notes to the Poetical Works of Edmund Waller and Sir John Denham (1857; Project Gutenberg #12322).

  1. Stanza 22, line 2 'Satan': Mr. W. Murrey.

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