The Man Who Dreamed of Fairies

Various (about 800), translated by Arthur Waley · 1918

iambic pentameter · unrhymed · 48 lines · from A Hundred and Seventy Chinese Poems

There was once a man who dreamt he went to Heaven:His dream-body soared aloft through space.He rode on the back of a white-plumed crane,And was led on his flight by two crimson banners.Whirring of wings and flapping of coat tails!Jade bells suddenly all a-tinkle!Half way to Heaven, he looked down beneath him,Down on the dark turmoil of the World.Gradually he lost the place of his native town;Mountains and water--nothing else distinct.The Eastern Ocean--a single strip of white:The Hills of China,--five specks of green.Gliding past him a host of fairies sweptIn long procession to the Palace of the Jade City.How should he guess that the children of Tzŭ-mēnBow to the throne like courtiers of earthly kings?They take him to the presence of the Mighty Jade Emperor:He bows his head and proffers loyal homage.The Emperor says: “We see you have fairy talents:Be of good heart and do not slight yourself.We shall send to fetch you in fifteen yearsAnd give you a place in the Courtyard of Immortality.”Twice bowing, he acknowledged the gracious words:Then woke from sleep, full of wonder and joy.He hid his secret and dared not tell it abroad:But vowed a vow he would live in a cave of rock.From love and affection he severed kith and kin:From his eating and drinking he omitted savoury and spice.His morning meal was a dish of coral-dust:At night he sipped an essence of dewy mists.In the empty mountains he lived for thirty yearsDaily watching for the Heavenly Coach to come.The time of appointment was already long past,But of wings and coach-bells--still no sound.His teeth and hair daily withered and decayed:His ears and eyes gradually lost their keenness.One morning he suffered the Common ChangeAnd his body was one with the dust and dirt of the hill.Gods and fairies! If indeed such things there be,Their ways are beyond the striving of mortal men.If you have not on your skull the Golden Bump’s protrusion,If your name is absent from the rolls of the Red Terrace,In vain you learn the “Method of Avoiding Food”:For naught you study the “Book of Alchemic Lore.”Though you sweat and toil, what shall your trouble bring?You will only shorten the five-score years of your span.Sad, alas, the man who dreamt of Fairies!For a single dream spoiled his whole life.

Words in this poem

went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
rode n.
Redness; complexion. [See Rud.]
turmoil v. t.
To harass with commotion; to disquiet; to worry.
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
kith n.
Acquaintance; kindred. [OE. kith, cu, AS. cc known. Uncouth, Can, and cf. Kythe.]
savoury n.
An aromatic labiate plant (Satireia hortensis), much used in cooking; -- also called summer savory. [F. savorée; cf. It. santoreggia, satureja, L. satureia,]
alchemic a.
Of or relating to alchemy. [Cf. F. alchimique.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The Man Who Dreamed of Fairies is in the public domain. This text is taken from A Hundred and Seventy Chinese Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #42290, the Arthur Waley translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Various, The Man Who Dreamed of Fairies, in A Hundred and Seventy Chinese Poems (1918), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #42290, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/waley-chinese/the-man-who-dreamed-of-fairies.html, id L18833.

Form and metre

The Man Who Dreamed of Fairies is 48 lines in a single verse paragraph. It is unrhymed, as far as the pronouncing dictionary can tell. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 76%). 86% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 11.5 syllables. 12 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 10% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic pentameter, other poems in blank verse.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 A-A--------------------------------------------- heavenA · space · craneA · banners · tails · tinkle · him · world · town · distinct · white · green · swept · city · — · kings · emperor · homage · talents · yourself · years · immortality · words · joy · abroad · rock · kin · spice · dust · mists · years · come · past · sound · decayed · keenness · change · hill · be · men · protrusion · terrace · food · lore · bring · span · fairies · life
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
There was once a man who dreamt he went to Heaven:12··········/˘
His dream-body soared aloft through space.9··/˘·˘/··
He rode on the back of a white-plumed crane,10··········
And was led on his flight by two crimson banners.12········/˘/˘
Whirring of wings and flapping of coat tails!10/˘···/˘···
Jade bells suddenly all a-tinkle!9··/˘˘··/˘
Half way to Heaven, he looked down beneath him,11···/˘······
Down on the dark turmoil of the World.9····/····
Gradually he lost the place of his native town;13/˘˘˘······/˘·
Mountains and water--nothing else distinct.10/˘·/˘/˘·˘/
The Eastern Ocean--a single strip of white:11·/˘/˘·/˘···
The Hills of China,--five specks of green.9···/˘····
Gliding past him a host of fairies swept10/˘·····/˘·
In long procession to the Palace of the Jade City.14··˘/˘··/˘···/˘
How should he guess that the children of Tzŭ-mēn11······/˘···
Bow to the throne like courtiers of earthly kings?12·····/˘˘·/˘·
They take him to the presence of the Mighty Jade Emperor:15·····/˘··/˘·/˘˘
He bows his head and proffers loyal homage.11·····/˘/˘/˘
The Emperor says: “We see you have fairy talents:13·/˘˘·····/˘/˘
Be of good heart and do not slight yourself.10········˘/
We shall send to fetch you in fifteen years10·······˘/·
And give you a place in the Courtyard of Immortality.”15·······/···˘/˘˘
Twice bowing, he acknowledged the gracious words:11·/˘·˘/˘·/˘·
Then woke from sleep, full of wonder and joy.10······/˘··
He hid his secret and dared not tell it abroad:12···/˘·····˘/
But vowed a vow he would live in a cave of rock.12············
From love and affection he severed kith and kin:12···˘/˘·/˘···
From his eating and drinking he omitted savoury and spice.16··/˘·/˘·˘/˘·····
His morning meal was a dish of coral-dust:11·/˘·····/˘·
At night he sipped an essence of dewy mists.11·····/˘·/˘·
In the empty mountains he lived for thirty years12··/˘/˘···/˘·
Daily watching for the Heavenly Coach to come.12/˘/˘··/˘˘···
The time of appointment was already long past,12···˘/˘·˘/˘··
But of wings and coach-bells--still no sound.9·········
His teeth and hair daily withered and decayed:11····/˘/˘·˘/
His ears and eyes gradually lost their keenness.12····/˘˘˘··/˘
One morning he suffered the Common Change10·/˘·/˘·/˘·
And his body was one with the dust and dirt of the hill.14··/˘··········
Gods and fairies! If indeed such things there be,11··/˘·˘/····
Their ways are beyond the striving of mortal men.12······/˘·/˘·
If you have not on your skull the Golden Bump’s protrusion,14········/˘·˘/˘
If your name is absent from the rolls of the Red Terrace,14····/˘······/˘
In vain you learn the “Method of Avoiding Food”:12·····/˘·˘/˘·
For naught you study the “Book of Alchemic Lore.”12···/˘·······
Though you sweat and toil, what shall your trouble bring?11········/˘·
You will only shorten the five-score years of your span.13··/˘/˘·······
Sad, alas, the man who dreamt of Fairies!10·˘/·····/˘
For a single dream spoiled his whole life.9··/˘·····
Notes from the edition 1

Arthur Waley's notes to A Hundred and Seventy Chinese Poems (1918; Project Gutenberg #42290).

  1. Line 15 I.e., the Immortals.

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