Haymaking

Edward Thomas (1878–1917) · 1917

iambic pentameter · heroic couplets · 42 lines · from Poems

AFTER night's thunder far away had rolledThe fiery day had a kernel sweet of cold,And in the perfect blue the clouds uncurled,Like the first gods before they made the worldAnd misery, swimming the stormless seaIn beauty and in divine gaiety.The smooth white empty road was lightly strewnWith leaves--the holly's Autumn falls in June--And fir cones standing stiff up in the heat.The mill-foot water tumbled white and litWith tossing crystals, happier than any crowdOf children pouring out of school aloud.And in the little thickets where a sleeperFor ever might lie lost, the nettle-creeperAnd garden warbler sang unceasingly;While over them shrill shrieked in his fierce gleeThe swift with wings and tail as sharp and narrowAs if the bow had flown off with the arrow.Only the scent of woodbine and hay new-mownTravelled the road. In the field sloping down,Park-like, to where its willows showed the brook,Haymakers rested. The tosser lay forsookOut in the sun; and the long waggon stoodWithout its team, it seemed it never wouldMove from the shadow of that single yew.The team, as still, until their task was due,Beside the labourers enjoyed the shadeThat three squat oaks mid-field together madeUpon a circle of grass and weed uncut,And on the hollow, once a chalk-pit, butNow brimmed with nut and elder-flower so clean.The men leaned on their rakes, about to begin,But still. And all were silent. All was old,This morning time, with a great age untold,Older than Clare and Cobbett, Morland and Crome,Than, at the field's far edge, the farmer's home,A white house crouched at the foot of a great tree.Under the heavens that know not what years beThe men, the beasts, the trees, the implementsUttered even what they will in times far hence--All of us gone out of the reach of change--Immortal in a picture of an old grange.

Words in this poem

stormless a.
Without storms.
aloud adv.
With a loud voice, or great noise; loudly; audibly. [Pref. a- + loud.]
sleeper n.
One who sleeps; a slumberer; hence, a drone, or lazy person.
glee n.
Music; minstrelsy; entertainment.
flown a.
Flushed, inflated.
tosser n.
Ohe who tosser. J. Fletcher.
uncut a.
Not cut; not separated or divided by cutting or otherwise; -- said especially of books, periodicals, and the like, when the leaves have not been separated by trimming in binding.
untold a.
Not told; not related; not revealed; as, untold secrets.
clare n.
A nun of the order of St.Clare.
crouched a.
Marked with the sign of the cross. Crouched friar. See Crutched friar, under Crutched.
grange n.
A building for storing grain; a granary. [F. grange barn, LL. granea, from L. granum grain. See Grain a kernel.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Haymaking is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #22423; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Edward Thomas, Haymaking, in Poems (1917), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #22423, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/thomas-edward-poems/haymaking.html, id L08176.

Form and metre

Haymaking is 42 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets, 71% of the lines: heroic couplets. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 84%). 90% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.3 syllables. 6 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 45% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in heroic couplets, other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABB--CC--DDEE----FFGGHHIIJJKK--LLMMNN--OO rolledA · coldA · uncurledB · worldB · sea · gaiety · strewnC · juneC · heat · lit · crowdD · aloudD · sleeperE · creeperE · unceasingly · glee · narrow · arrow · mownF · downF · brookG · forsookG · stoodH · wouldH · yewI · dueI · shadeJ · madeJ · uncutK · butK · clean · begin · oldL · untoldL · cromeM · homeM · treeN · beN · implements · hence · changeO · grangeO
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
AFTER night's thunder far away had rolled10···/˘·˘/··
The fiery day had a kernel sweet of cold,11·/˘···/˘···
And in the perfect blue the clouds uncurled,10···˘/·····
Like the first gods before they made the world10··········
And misery, swimming the stormless sea10·/˘˘/˘·/˘·
In beauty and in divine gaiety.10·/˘··˘//˘˘
The smooth white empty road was lightly strewn10···/˘··/˘·
With leaves--the holly's Autumn falls in June--10···/˘/˘···
And fir cones standing stiff up in the heat.10···/˘·····
The mill-foot water tumbled white and lit10···/˘/˘···
With tossing crystals, happier than any crowd11·/˘/˘/˘·/˘·
Of children pouring out of school aloud.10·/˘/˘···˘/
And in the little thickets where a sleeper11···/˘/˘··/˘
For ever might lie lost, the nettle-creeper11·/˘····/˘/˘
And garden warbler sang unceasingly;10·/˘/˘·····
While over them shrill shrieked in his fierce glee10··········
The swift with wings and tail as sharp and narrow11·········/˘
As if the bow had flown off with the arrow.11·········/˘
Only the scent of woodbine and hay new-mown11/˘···/˘····
Travelled the road. In the field sloping down,10/˘·····/˘·
Park-like, to where its willows showed the brook,10·····/····
Haymakers rested. The tosser lay forsook11/·˘/˘·/˘·˘/
Out in the sun; and the long waggon stood10··········
Without its team, it seemed it never would10·······/˘·
Move from the shadow of that single yew.10···/···/˘·
The team, as still, until their task was due,10··········
Beside the labourers enjoyed the shade10˘/····˘/··
That three squat oaks mid-field together made10······˘/˘·
Upon a circle of grass and weed uncut,11···/˘·····/
And on the hollow, once a chalk-pit, but10···/˘·····
Now brimmed with nut and elder-flower so clean.10·····/˘/··
The men leaned on their rakes, about to begin,11·········˘/
But still. And all were silent. All was old,10·····/˘···
This morning time, with a great age untold,10·/˘·····˘/
Older than Clare and Cobbett, Morland and Crome,11/˘···/˘/˘··
Than, at the field's far edge, the farmer's home,10·······/˘·
A white house crouched at the foot of a great tree.11···········
Under the heavens that know not what years be11···/˘······
The men, the beasts, the trees, the implements10·······/˘˘
Uttered even what they will in times far hence--10/˘/·······
All of us gone out of the reach of change--10··········
Immortal in a picture of an old grange.11˘/˘··/˘····

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

More by Edward Thomas