To the Queen

Alfred Tennyson (1809–1892) · 1859–1885

iambic pentameter · unrhymed · 66 lines · from Idylls of the King

O loyal to the royal in thyself,And loyal to thy land, as this to thee—Bear witness, that rememberable day,When, pale as yet, and fever-worn, the PrinceWho scarce had plucked his flickering life againFrom halfway down the shadow of the grave,Past with thee through thy people and their love,And London rolled one tide of joy through allHer trebled millions, and loud leagues of manAnd welcome! witness, too, the silent cry,The prayer of many a race and creed, and clime—Thunderless lightnings striking under seaFrom sunset and sunrise of all thy realm,And that true North, whereof we lately heardA strain to shame us “keep you to yourselves;So loyal is too costly! friends—your loveIs but a burthen: loose the bond, and go.”Is this the tone of empire? here the faithThat made us rulers? this, indeed, her voiceAnd meaning, whom the roar of HougoumontLeft mightiest of all peoples under heaven?What shock has fooled her since, that she should speakSo feebly? wealthier—wealthier—hour by hour!The voice of Britain, or a sinking land,Some third-rate isle half-lost among her seas?There rang her voice, when the full city pealedThee and thy Prince! The loyal to their crownAre loyal to their own far sons, who loveOur ocean-empire with her boundless homesFor ever-broadening England, and her throneIn our vast Orient, and one isle, one isle,That knows not her own greatness: if she knowsAnd dreads it we are fallen. —But thou, my Queen,Not for itself, but through thy living loveFor one to whom I made it o’er his graveSacred, accept this old imperfect tale,New-old, and shadowing Sense at war with Soul,Ideal manhood closed in real man,Rather than that gray king, whose name, a ghost,Streams like a cloud, man-shaped, from mountain peak,And cleaves to cairn and cromlech still; or himOf Geoffrey’s book, or him of Malleor’s, oneTouched by the adulterous finger of a timeThat hovered between war and wantonness,And crownings and dethronements: take withalThy poet’s blessing, and his trust that HeavenWill blow the tempest in the distance backFrom thine and ours: for some are scared, who mark,Or wisely or unwisely, signs of storm,Waverings of every vane with every wind,And wordy trucklings to the transient hour,And fierce or careless looseners of the faith,And Softness breeding scorn of simple life,Or Cowardice, the child of lust for gold,Or Labour, with a groan and not a voice,Or Art with poisonous honey stolen from France,And that which knows, but careful for itself,And that which knows not, ruling that which knowsTo its own harm: the goal of this great worldLies beyond sight: yet—if our slowly-grownAnd crowned Republic’s crowning common-sense,That saved her many times, not fail—their fearsAre morning shadows huger than the shapesThat cast them, not those gloomier which foregoThe darkness of that battle in the West,Where all of high and holy dies away.

Words in this poem

rememberable a.
Capable or worthy of being remembered.
scarce a.
Not plentiful or abundant; in small quantity in proportion to the demand; not easily to be procured; rare; uncommon. [OE. scars, OF. escars, eschars, LL. scarpsus, for L. excerptus, p. p. of excerpere to pick out, and hence to contract, to shorten; ex (see Ex-) + carpere. See C]
clime n.
A climate; a tract or region of the earth. See Climate. [L. clima. See Climate.]
thunderless a.
Without thunder or noise.
whereof adv.
Of which; of whom; formerly, also, with which; -- used relatively.
isle v. t.
To cause to become an island, or like an island; to surround or encompass; to island.
shadowing n.
Shade, or gradation of light and color; shading. Feltham.
ghost n.
The spirit; the soul of man. [OE. gast, gost, soul, spirit, AS. gast breath, spirit, soul; akin to OS. g spirit, soul, D. geest, G. geist, and prob. to E. gaze, ghastly.]
cairn n.
A rounded or conical heap of stones erected by early inhabitants of the British Isles, apparently as a sepulchral monument. [Gael. carn, gen. cairn, a heap: cf. Ir. & W. carn.]
adulterous a.
Guilty of, or given to, adultery; pertaining to adultery; illicit.
withal adv.
With this; with that. [With + all.]
unwisely adv.
In an unwise manner; foolishly. [AS. unwislice.]
lust v. i.
To list; to like. [AS. lystan. See Lust, n., and cf. List to choose.]
forego v. t.
To quit; to relinquish; to leave. [See Forgo.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

To the Queen is in the public domain. This text is taken from Idylls of the King, Project Gutenberg ebook #610; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Alfred Tennyson, To the Queen, in Idylls of the King (1859–1885), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #610, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/tennyson-idylls/to-the-queen.html, id L03499.

Form and metre

To the Queen is 66 lines in a single verse paragraph. It is unrhymed, as far as the pronouncing dictionary can tell. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 85%). 93% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.1 syllables. 3 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 47% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic pentameter, other poems in blank verse.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ---------A-A-----------------------------B---B-------------------- thyself · thee · day · prince · again · grave · love · all · man · cryA · clime · seaA · realm · heard · yourselves · love · go · faith · voice · hougoumont · heaven · speak · hour · land · seas · pealed · crown · love · homes · throne · isle · knows · queen · love · grave · tale · soul · man · ghost · peak · him · oneB · time · wantonness · withal · heavenB · back · mark · storm · wind · hour · faith · life · gold · voice · france · itself · knows · world · grown · sense · fears · shapes · forego · west · away
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
O loyal to the royal in thyself,10·/˘··/˘·˘/
And loyal to thy land, as this to thee—10·/˘·······
Bear witness, that rememberable day,10·/˘·˘/˘˘˘·
When, pale as yet, and fever-worn, the Prince10·····/˘···
Who scarce had plucked his flickering life again10·····/˘·˘/
From halfway down the shadow of the grave,10·//··/····
Past with thee through thy people and their love,10·····/˘···
And London rolled one tide of joy through all10·/˘·······
Her trebled millions, and loud leagues of man10·/˘/˘·····
And welcome! witness, too, the silent cry,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
The prayer of many a race and creed, and clime—10···/······
Thunderless lightnings striking under sea10/˘˘/˘/˘···
From sunset and sunrise of all thy realm,10·/··/·····
And that true North, whereof we lately heard10·······/˘·
A strain to shame us “keep you to yourselves;10········˘/
So loyal is too costly! friends—your love10·/˘··/˘···
Is but a burthen: loose the bond, and go.”10···/˘·····
Is this the tone of empire? here the faith10·····/˘···
That made us rulers? this, indeed, her voice10···/˘·˘/··
And meaning, whom the roar of Hougoumont10·/˘·······
Left mightiest of all peoples under heaven?10·/˘··/˘··/
What shock has fooled her since, that she should speak10··········
So feebly? wealthier—wealthier—hour by hour!10·/˘/˘/˘/·/
The voice of Britain, or a sinking land,10···/˘··/˘·
Some third-rate isle half-lost among her seas?10··········
There rang her voice, when the full city pealed10·······/˘·
Thee and thy Prince! The loyal to their crown10·····/˘···
Are loyal to their own far sons, who love10·/˘·······
Our ocean-empire with her boundless homes10///˘˘··/˘·
For ever-broadening England, and her throne10·//˘˘/˘···
In our vast Orient, and one isle, one isle,11·/·/˘······
That knows not her own greatness: if she knows10·····/˘···
And dreads it we are fallen. —But thou, my Queen,11·····/˘····
Not for itself, but through thy living love10··˘/···/˘·
For one to whom I made it o’er his grave10··········
Sacred, accept this old imperfect tale,10/˘˘/··˘/˘·
New-old, and shadowing Sense at war with Soul,10···/˘·····
Ideal manhood closed in real man,9˘//··˘···
Rather than that gray king, whose name, a ghost,10/˘········
Streams like a cloud, man-shaped, from mountain peak,10·······/˘·
And cleaves to cairn and cromlech still; or him10·····/˘···
Of Geoffrey’s book, or him of Malleor’s, one10·/˘·······
Touched by the adulterous finger of a time11···˘/˘/˘···
That hovered between war and wantonness,10·/˘····/˘˘
And crownings and dethronements: take withal11·/˘······˘/
Thy poet’s blessing, and his trust that Heaven11·/˘/˘····/˘
Will blow the tempest in the distance back10···/˘··/˘·
From thine and ours: for some are scared, who mark,10···/······
Or wisely or unwisely, signs of storm,10·/˘·˘/˘···
Waverings of every vane with every wind,10/˘·/˘··/˘·
And wordy trucklings to the transient hour,11·/˘····/˘/˘
And fierce or careless looseners of the faith,11···/˘······
And Softness breeding scorn of simple life,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Or Cowardice, the child of lust for gold,10·/˘˘······
Or Labour, with a groan and not a voice,10·/········
Or Art with poisonous honey stolen from France,11···/˘/˘/˘··
And that which knows, but careful for itself,10·····/˘·˘/
And that which knows not, ruling that which knows10·····/˘···
To its own harm: the goal of this great world10··········
Lies beyond sight: yet—if our slowly-grown10······//˘·
And crowned Republic’s crowning common-sense,10··˘/˘/˘/˘·
That saved her many times, not fail—their fears10···/˘·····
Are morning shadows huger than the shapes10·/˘/······
That cast them, not those gloomier which forego10·····/˘·˘/
The darkness of that battle in the West,10·/˘··/˘···
Where all of high and holy dies away.10·····/˘·˘/

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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