Prince Athanase: Part I

Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792–1822) · 1813–1820

iambic pentameter · 124 lines · from Alastor, and Other Poems

There was a youth, who, as with toil and travel,Had grown quite weak and gray before his time;Nor any could the restless griefs unravel

Which burned within him, withering up his primeAnd goading him, like fiends, from land to land.Not his the load of any secret crime,

For nought of ill his heart could understand,But pity and wild sorrow for the same;--Not his the thirst for glory or command,

Baffled with blast of hope-consuming shame;Nor evil joys which fire the vulgar breast,And quench in speedy smoke its feeble flame,

Had left within his soul their dark unrest:Nor what religion fables of the graveFeared he,--Philosophy's accepted guest.

For none than he a purer heart could have,Or that loved good more for itself alone;Of nought in heaven or earth was he the slave.

What sorrow, strange, and shadowy, and unknown,Sent him, a hopeless wanderer, through mankind?--If with a human sadness he did groan,

He had a gentle yet aspiring mind;Just, innocent, with varied learning fed;And such a glorious consolation find

In others' joy, when all their own is dead:He loved, and laboured for his kind in grief,And yet, unlike all others, it is said

That from such toil he never found relief.Although a child of fortune and of power,Of an ancestral name the orphan chief,

His soul had wedded Wisdom, and her dowerIs love and justice, clothed in which he sateApart from men, as in a lonely tower,

Pitying the tumult of their dark estate.--Yet even in youth did he not e'er abuseThe strength of wealth or thought, to consecrate

Those false opinions which the harsh rich useTo blind the world they famish for their pride;Nor did he hold from any man his dues,

But, like a steward in honest dealings tried,With those who toiled and wept, the poor and wise,His riches and his cares he did divide.

Fearless he was, and scorning all disguise,What he dared do or think, though men might start,He spoke with mild yet unaverted eyes;

Liberal he was of soul, and frank of heart,And to his many friends--all loved him well--Whate'er he knew or felt he would impart,

If words he found those inmost thoughts to tell;If not, he smiled or wept; and his weak foesHe neither spurned nor hated--though with fell

And mortal hate their thousand voices rose,They passed like aimless arrows from his ear--Nor did his heart or mind its portal close

To those, or them, or any, whom life's sphereMay comprehend within its wide array.What sadness made that vernal spirit sere?--

He knew not. Though his life, day after day,Was failing like an unreplenished stream,Though in his eyes a cloud and burthen lay,

Through which his soul, like Vesper's serene beamPiercing the chasms of ever rising clouds,Shone, softly burning; though his lips did seem

Like reeds which quiver in impetuous floods;And through his sleep, and o'er each waking hour,Thoughts after thoughts, unresting multitudes,

Were driven within him by some secret power,Which bade them blaze, and live, and roll afar,Like lights and sounds, from haunted tower to tower

O'er castled mountains borne, when tempest's warIs levied by the night-contending winds,And the pale dalesmen watch with eager ear;--

Though such were in his spirit, as the fiendsWhich wake and feed an everliving woe,--What was this grief, which ne'er in other minds

A mirror found,--he knew not--none could know;But on whoe'er might question him he turnedThe light of his frank eyes, as if to show

He knew not of the grief within that burned,But asked forbearance with a mournful look;Or spoke in words from which none ever learned

The cause of his disquietude; or shookWith spasms of silent passion; or turned pale:So that his friends soon rarely undertook

To stir his secret pain without avail;--For all who knew and loved him then perceivedThat there was drawn an adamantine veil

Between his heart and mind,--both unrelievedWrought in his brain and bosom separate strife.Some said that he was mad, others believed

That memories of an antenatal lifeMade this, where now he dwelt, a penal hell;And others said that such mysterious grief

From God's displeasure, like a darkness, fellOn souls like his, which owned no higher lawThan love; love calm, steadfast, invincible

By mortal fear or supernatural awe;And others,--''Tis the shadow of a dreamWhich the veiled eye of Memory never saw,

'But through the soul's abyss, like some dark streamThrough shattered mines and caverns underground,Rolls, shaking its foundations; and no beam

'Of joy may rise, but it is quenched and drownedIn the dim whirlpools of this dream obscure;Soon its exhausted waters will have found

'A lair of rest beneath thy spirit pure,O Athanase!--in one so good and great,Evil or tumult cannot long endure.

So spake they: idly of another's stateBabbling vain words and fond philosophy;This was their consolation; such debate

Men held with one another; nor did he,Like one who labours with a human woe,Decline this talk: as if its theme might be

Another, not himself, he to and froQuestioned and canvassed it with subtlest wit;And none but those who loved him best could know

That which he knew not, how it galled and bitHis weary mind, this converse vain and cold;For like an eyeless nightmare grief did sit

Upon his being; a snake which fold by foldPressed out the life of life, a clinging fiendWhich clenched him if he stirred with deadlier hold;--And so his grief remained--let it remain--untold.

Words in this poem 27
withering a.
Tending to wither; causing to shrink or fade.
unrest n.
Want of rest or repose; unquietness; sleeplessness; uneasiness; disquietude.
sadness n.
Heaviness; firmness.
aspiring a.
That aspires; as, an Aspiring mind.
glorious a.
Exhibiting attributes, qualities, or acts that are worthy of or receive glory; noble; praiseworthy; excellent; splendid; illustrious; inspiring admiration; as, glorious deeds. [OF. glorios, glorious, F. glorieux, fr. L. gloriosus. See Glory, n.]
laboured a.
Bearing marks of labor and effort; elaborately wrought; not easy or natural; as, labored poetry; a labored style.
wedded a.
Joined in wedlock; married.
sate v. t.
To satisfy the desire or appetite of; to satiate; to glut; to surfeit. [Probably shortened fr. satiate: cf. L. satus full. See Satiate.]
pitying a.
Expressing pity; as, a pitying eye, glance, or word.
wealth n.
Weal; welfare; prosperity; good. [OE. welthe, from wele; cf. D. weelde luxury. See Weal prosperity.]
famish v. t.
To starve, kill, or destroy with hunger. [OE. famen; cf. OF. afamer, L. fames. See Famine, and cf. Affamish.]
spoke n.
The radius or ray of a wheel; one of the small bars which are inserted in the hub, or nave, and which serve to support the rim or felly. [OE. spoke, spake, AS, spaca; akin to D. speek, LG. speke, OHG. speihha, G. speiche. sq. root170. Cf. Spike a nail.]
inmost a.
Deepest within; farthest from the surface or external part; innermost. [OE. innemest, AS. innemest, a double superlative form fr. inne within, fr. in in. The modern form is due to confusion with most. See In, and cf. Aftermost, Fore]
aimless a.
Without aim or purpose; as, an aimless life.
sere n.
Claw; talon. Chapman. [F. serre.]
bade
A form of the pat tense of Bid.
afar adv.
At, to, or from a great distance; far away; -- often used with from preceding, or off following; as, he was seen from afar; I saw him afar off. [Pref. a-.(for on or of) + far.]
haunted a.
Inhabited by, or subject to the visits of, apparitions; frequented by a ghost.
castled a.
Having a castle or castles; supporting a castle; as, a castled height or crag.
everliving a.
Living always; immoral; eternal; as, the everliving God.
shook v. t.
To pack, as staves, in a shook.
strife n.
The act of striving; earnest endeavor. [OF. estrif. See Strive.]
antenatal a.
Before birth. Shelley.
veiled a.
Covered by, or as by, a veil; hidden.
lair n.
A place in which to lie or rest; especially, the bed or couch of a wild beast. [OE. leir, AS. leger; akin to D. leger, G. lager couch, lair, OHG. laga, Goth. ligrs, and to E. lie. See Lie to be prostrate, and cf. Layer, Leaguer.]
eyeless a.
Without eyes; blind.
untold a.
Not told; not related; not revealed; as, untold secrets.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Prince Athanase: Part I is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Complete Poetical Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley — Volume 1, Project Gutenberg ebook #4797; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Percy Bysshe Shelley, Prince Athanase: Part I, in Alastor, and Other Poems (1813–1820), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #4797, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/shelley-poems/prince-athanase-part-i.html, id L00216.

Form and metre

Prince Athanase: Part I is 124 lines in 41 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 89%).

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABA travelA · timeB · unravelA
  2. 2 BCB primeB · landC · crimeB
  3. 3 CDC understandC · sameD · commandC
  4. 4 DED shameD · breastE · flameD
  5. 5 EFE unrestE · graveF · guestE
  6. 6 -GF have · aloneG · slaveF
  7. 7 GHG unknownG · mankindH · groanG
  8. 8 HIH mindH · fedI · findH
  9. 9 IJI deadI · griefJ · saidI
  10. 10 JKJ reliefJ · powerK · chiefJ
  11. 11 -LK dower · sateL · towerK
  12. 12 LML estateL · abuseM · consecrateL
  13. 13 MN- useM · prideN · dues
  14. 14 NON triedN · wiseO · divideN
  15. 15 OPO disguiseO · startP · eyesO
  16. 16 PQP heartP · wellQ · impartP
  17. 17 QRQ tellQ · foesR · fellQ
  18. 18 RS- roseR · earS · close
  19. 19 STS sphereS · arrayT · sereS
  20. 20 TUT dayT · streamU · layT
  21. 21 U-U beamU · clouds · seemU
  22. 22 -V- floods · hourV · multitudes
  23. 23 V-V powerV · afar · towerV
  24. 25 -W- fiends · woeW · minds
  25. 26 WXW knowW · turnedX · showW
  26. 27 XYX burnedX · lookY · learnedX
  27. 28 YZY shookY · paleZ · undertookY
  28. 29 ZaZ availZ · perceiveda · veilZ
  29. 30 aba unrelieveda · strifeb · believeda
  30. 31 bc- lifeb · hellc · grief
  31. 32 cd- fellc · lawd · invincible
  32. 33 -ed awe · dreame · sawd
  33. 34 efe streame · undergroundf · beame
  34. 35 fgf drownedf · obscureg · foundf
  35. 36 ghg pureg · greath · endureg
  36. 37 h-h stateh · philosophy · debateh
  37. 38 iji hei · woej · bei
  38. 39 jkj froj · witk · knowj
  39. 40 klk bitk · coldl · sitk
  40. 41 l-ll foldl · fiend · holdl · untoldl
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
There was a youth, who, as with toil and travel,11·········/˘
Had grown quite weak and gray before his time;10··········
Nor any could the restless griefs unravel11·/˘··/˘·˘/˘
Which burned within him, withering up his prime10·····/˘···
And goading him, like fiends, from land to land.10·/˘·······
Not his the load of any secret crime,10·····/˘/˘·
For nought of ill his heart could understand,10········˘/
But pity and wild sorrow for the same;--10·/˘··/˘···
Not his the thirst for glory or command,10·····/˘·˘/
Baffled with blast of hope-consuming shame;10/˘····˘/˘·
Nor evil joys which fire the vulgar breast,10·/··/˘·/˘·
And quench in speedy smoke its feeble flame,10···/˘··/˘·
Had left within his soul their dark unrest:10········˘/
Nor what religion fables of the grave10··˘/˘/˘···
Feared he,--Philosophy's accepted guest.10··˘/˘˘˘/˘·
For none than he a purer heart could have,10·····/˘···
Or that loved good more for itself alone;10······˘/˘/
Of nought in heaven or earth was he the slave.10···/······
What sorrow, strange, and shadowy, and unknown,10·/˘··/˘·˘/
Sent him, a hopeless wanderer, through mankind?--10···/˘/˘·//
If with a human sadness he did groan,10···/˘/˘···
He had a gentle yet aspiring mind;10···/˘·˘/˘·
Just, innocent, with varied learning fed;10·/˘˘·/˘/˘·
And such a glorious consolation find10···/˘·˘/˘·
In others' joy, when all their own is dead:10·/˘·······
He loved, and laboured for his kind in grief,10···/˘·····
And yet, unlike all others, it is said10··˘/·/˘···
That from such toil he never found relief.10·····/˘·˘/
Although a child of fortune and of power,11·····/˘··/˘
Of an ancestral name the orphan chief,10··˘/˘··/˘·
His soul had wedded Wisdom, and her dower10···/˘/˘···
Is love and justice, clothed in which he sate10···/˘·····
Apart from men, as in a lonely tower,11˘/·····/˘/˘
Pitying the tumult of their dark estate.--10/˘·/˘···˘/
Yet even in youth did he not e'er abuse10·/······˘/
The strength of wealth or thought, to consecrate10·······/˘·
Those false opinions which the harsh rich use10··˘/˘·····
To blind the world they famish for their pride;10·····/˘···
Nor did he hold from any man his dues,10·····/˘···
But, like a steward in honest dealings tried,11···/˘·/˘/˘·
With those who toiled and wept, the poor and wise,10··········
His riches and his cares he did divide.10·/˘·····˘/
Fearless he was, and scorning all disguise,10/˘···/˘·˘/
What he dared do or think, though men might start,10··········
He spoke with mild yet unaverted eyes;10··········
Liberal he was of soul, and frank of heart,10/˘········
And to his many friends--all loved him well--10···/˘·····
Whate'er he knew or felt he would impart,11˘˘/······˘/
If words he found those inmost thoughts to tell;10·····/˘···
If not, he smiled or wept; and his weak foes10··········
He neither spurned nor hated--though with fell10·/˘··/˘···
And mortal hate their thousand voices rose,10·/˘··/˘/˘·
They passed like aimless arrows from his ear--10···/˘/˘···
Nor did his heart or mind its portal close10·······/˘·
To those, or them, or any, whom life's sphere10·····/˘···
May comprehend within its wide array.10··˘/····˘/
What sadness made that vernal spirit sere?--10·/˘··/˘/˘·
He knew not. Though his life, day after day,10··········
Was failing like an unreplenished stream,10·/˘·······
Though in his eyes a cloud and burthen lay,10·······/˘·
Through which his soul, like Vesper's serene beam10·····/˘˘/·
Piercing the chasms of ever rising clouds,10/˘·/˘·//˘·
Shone, softly burning; though his lips did seem10·/˘/˘·····
Like reeds which quiver in impetuous floods;10···/˘·˘/˘·
And through his sleep, and o'er each waking hour,11·······/˘/˘
Thoughts after thoughts, unresting multitudes,10····˘/˘/˘·
Were driven within him by some secret power,11·/·····/˘/˘
Which bade them blaze, and live, and roll afar,10········˘/
Like lights and sounds, from haunted tower to tower11·····/˘/·/˘
O'er castled mountains borne, when tempest's war10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Is levied by the night-contending winds,10·/˘···˘/˘·
And the pale dalesmen watch with eager ear;--11········/˘·
Though such were in his spirit, as the fiends10·····/˘···
Which wake and feed an everliving woe,--10··········
What was this grief, which ne'er in other minds10·······/˘·
A mirror found,--he knew not--none could know;10·/˘·······
But on whoe'er might question him he turned10····/˘···˘
The light of his frank eyes, as if to show10··········
He knew not of the grief within that burned,10··········
But asked forbearance with a mournful look;10··˘/˘··/˘·
Or spoke in words from which none ever learned10·······/˘·
The cause of his disquietude; or shook9·········
With spasms of silent passion; or turned pale:11·/˘·/˘/˘···
So that his friends soon rarely undertook10·····/˘·˘/
To stir his secret pain without avail;--10···/˘···˘/
For all who knew and loved him then perceived10········˘/
That there was drawn an adamantine veil10··········
Between his heart and mind,--both unrelieved10········˘/
Wrought in his brain and bosom separate strife.11·····/˘/˘··
Some said that he was mad, others believed10······/˘˘/
That memories of an antenatal life10·/˘·······
Made this, where now he dwelt, a penal hell;10·······/˘·
And others said that such mysterious grief10·/˘···˘/˘·
From God's displeasure, like a darkness, fell10··˘/˘··/˘·
On souls like his, which owned no higher law10·······/˘·
Than love; love calm, steadfast, invincible10····/·˘/˘˘
By mortal fear or supernatural awe;10·/˘···˘/˘·
And others,--''Tis the shadow of a dream10·/˘··/····
Which the veiled eye of Memory never saw,10·····/˘˘/·
'But through the soul's abyss, like some dark stream10····˘/····
Through shattered mines and caverns underground,10·/˘··/˘/˘·
Rolls, shaking its foundations; and no beam10·/˘·˘/˘···
'Of joy may rise, but it is quenched and drowned10··········
In the dim whirlpools of this dream obscure;10···/····˘/
Soon its exhausted waters will have found10··˘/˘/˘···
'A lair of rest beneath thy spirit pure,10·······/˘·
O Athanase!--in one so good and great,10··········
Evil or tumult cannot long endure.10/˘·/˘/˘·˘/
So spake they: idly of another's state10···/˘·˘/˘·
Babbling vain words and fond philosophy;11/˘˘····˘/˘˘
This was their consolation; such debate10····˘/˘·˘/
Men held with one another; nor did he,10····˘/˘···
Like one who labours with a human woe,10···/˘··/˘·
Decline this talk: as if its theme might be10˘/········
Another, not himself, he to and fro10˘/˘·˘/····
Questioned and canvassed it with subtlest wit;10/˘·/˘··/˘·
And none but those who loved him best could know10··········
That which he knew not, how it galled and bit10··········
His weary mind, this converse vain and cold;10·/˘··/˘···
For like an eyeless nightmare grief did sit10···/˘/····
Upon his being; a snake which fold by fold10···/······
Pressed out the life of life, a clinging fiend10·······/˘·
Which clenched him if he stirred with deadlier hold;--10·······/˘·
And so his grief remained--let it remain--untold.12····˘/··˘/˘/

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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