The Boat on the Serchio

Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792–1822) · 1816–1819

iambic pentameter · 119 lines · from The Complete Poetical Works, Volume II

Poems", 1824; revised and enlarged by Rossetti, "Complete Poetical

Our boat is asleep on Serchio's stream,Its sails are folded like thoughts in a dream,The helm sways idly, hither and thither;Dominic, the boatman, has brought the mast,And the oars, and the sails; but 'tis sleeping fast,Like a beast, unconscious of its tether.

The stars burnt out in the pale blue air,And the thin white moon lay withering there;To tower, and cavern, and rift, and tree,The owl and the bat fled drowsily.Day had kindled the dewy woods,And the rocks above and the stream below,And the vapours in their multitudes,And the Apennine's shroud of summer snow,And clothed with light of aery goldThe mists in their eastern caves uprolled.

Day had awakened all things that be,The lark and the thrush and the swallow free,And the milkmaid's song and the mower's scytheAnd the matin-bell and the mountain bee:Fireflies were quenched on the dewy corn,Glow-worms went out on the river's brim,Like lamps which a student forgets to trim:The beetle forgot to wind his horn,The crickets were still in the meadow and hill:Like a flock of rooks at a farmer's gunNight's dreams and terrors, every one,Fled from the brains which are their preyFrom the lamp's death to the morning ray.

All rose to do the task He set to each,Who shaped us to His ends and not our own;The million rose to learn, and one to teachWhat none yet ever knew or can be known.And many roseWhose woe was such that fear became desire;--Melchior and Lionel were not among those;They from the throng of men had stepped aside,And made their home under the green hill-side.It was that hill, whose intervening browScreens Lucca from the Pisan's envious eye,Which the circumfluous plain waving below,Like a wide lake of green fertility,With streams and fields and marshes bare,Divides from the far Apennines--which lieIslanded in the immeasurable air.

'What think you, as she lies in her green cove,Our little sleeping boat is dreaming of?''If morning dreams are true, why I should guessThat she was dreaming of our idleness,And of the miles of watery wayWe should have led her by this time of day.'-

'Never mind,' said Lionel,'Give care to the winds, they can bear it wellAbout yon poplar-tops; and seeThe white clouds are driving merrily,And the stars we miss this morn will lightMore willingly our return to-night.--How it whistles, Dominic's long black hair!List, my dear fellow; the breeze blows fair:Hear how it sings into the air--'

--'Of us and of our lazy motions,'Impatiently said Melchior,'If I can guess a boat's emotions;And how we ought, two hours before,To have been the devil knows where.'And then, in such transalpine TuscanAs would have killed a Della-Cruscan,

So, Lionel according to his artWeaving his idle words, Melchior said:'She dreams that we are not yet out of bed;We'll put a soul into her, and a heartWhich like a dove chased by a dove shall beat.'

'Ay, heave the ballast overboard,And stow the eatables in the aft locker.''Would not this keg be best a little lowered?''No, now all's right.' 'Those bottles of warm tea--(Give me some straw)--must be stowed tenderly;Such as we used, in summer after six,To cram in greatcoat pockets, and to mixHard eggs and radishes and rolls at Eton,And, couched on stolen hay in those green harboursFarmers called gaps, and we schoolboys called arbours,Would feast till eight.'

With a bottle in one hand,As if his very soul were at a standLionel stood--when Melchior brought him steady:--'Sit at the helm--fasten this sheet--all ready!'

The chain is loosed, the sails are spread,The living breath is fresh behind,As with dews and sunrise fed,Comes the laughing morning wind;--The sails are full, the boat makes headAgainst the Serchio's torrent fierce,Then flags with intermitting course,And hangs upon the wave, and stemsThe tempest of the...Which fervid from its mountain sourceShallow, smooth and strong doth come,--Swift as fire, tempestuouslyIt sweeps into the affrighted sea;In morning's smile its eddies coil,Its billows sparkle, toss and boil,Torturing all its quiet lightInto columns fierce and bright.

The Serchio, twisting forthBetween the marble barriers which it cloveAt Ripafratta, leads through the dread chasmThe wave that died the death which lovers love,Living in what it sought; as if this spasmHad not yet passed, the toppling mountains cling,But the clear stream in full enthusiasmPours itself on the plain, then wanderingDown one clear path of effluence crystallineSends its superfluous waves, that they may flingAt Arno's feet tribute of corn and wine;Then, through the pestilential deserts wildOf tangled marsh and woods of stunted pine,It rushes to the Ocean.

Words in this poem 19
boatman n.
A man who manages a boat; a rower of a boat.
tether n.
A long rope or chain by which an animal is fastened, as to a stake, so that it can range or feed only within certain limits. [Formerly tedder, OE. tedir; akin to LG. tider, tier, Icel. tjo, Dan. töir. *64.]
withering a.
Tending to wither; causing to shrink or fade.
drowsily adv.
In a drowsy manner.
matin n.
A French mastiff. [F. matin.]
went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
lionel n.
The whelp of a lioness; a young lion. [OF., dim. of lion.]
envious a.
Malignant; mischievous; spiteful. [OF. envios, F. envieux, fr. L. invidiosus, fr. invidia envy. See Envy, and cf. Invidious.]
circumfluous a.
Flowing round; surrounding in the manner of a fluid. [L. circumfluere, p. pr. of circumfluere; circum + fluere to flow; also L. circumfluus.]
cove v. t.
To brood, cover, over, or sit over, as birds their eggs. [CF. F. couver, It. covare. See Covey.]
morn n.
The first part of the day; the morning; -- used chiefly in poetry. [OE. morwen, morgen, AS. morgen; akin to D. morgen, OS. morgan, G. morgen, Icel. morginn, morgunn, Sw. morgon, Dan. morgen, Goth. maúrgins. Cf. Morrow, Morning.]
willingly adv.
In a willing manner; with free will; without reluctance; cheerfully.
impatiently adv.
In an impatient manner.
ought p. p.
Was or were under obligation to pay; owed. [Orig. the preterit of the verb to owe. OE. oughte, aughte, ahte, AS. ahte. sq. root110. See Owe.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
locker n.
One who, or that which, locks.
tenderly adv.
In a tender manner; with tenderness; mildly; gently; softly; in a manner not to injure or give pain; with pity or affection; kindly.
fervid a.
Very hot; burning; boiling. [L. fervidus, fr. fervere. See Fervent.]
effluence n.
A flowing out, or emanation. [Cf. F. effluence.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The Boat on the Serchio is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Complete Poetical Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley — Volume 2, Project Gutenberg ebook #4798; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Percy Bysshe Shelley, The Boat on the Serchio, in The Complete Poetical Works, Volume II (1816–1819), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #4798, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/shelley-later-poems/the-boat-on-the-serchio.html, id L16458.

Form and metre

The Boat on the Serchio is 119 lines in 13 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 81%). 88% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 9.4 syllables. 26 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 29% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 2 AA-BB- streamA · dreamA · thither · mastB · fastB · tether
  2. 3 AA---B-BCC airA · thereA · tree · drowsily · woods · belowB · multitudes · snowB · goldC · uprolledC
  3. 4 AA-ABCCB-DDEE beA · freeA · scythe · beeA · cornB · brimC · trimC · hornB · hill · gunD · oneD · preyE · rayE
  4. 5 ABABC-CDD-E--FEF eachA · ownB · teachA · knownB · roseC · desire · thoseC · asideD · sideD · brow · eyeE · below · fertility · bareF · lieE · airF
  5. 6 --AABB cove · of · guessA · idlenessA · wayB · dayB
  6. 7 AA--BBCCC lionelA · wellA · see · merrily · lightB · nightB · hairC · fairC · airC
  7. 8 A-A--BB motionsA · melchior · emotionsA · before · where · tuscanB · cruscanB
  8. 9 ABBA- artA · saidB · bedB · heartA · beat
  9. 10 -----AA-BB- overboard · locker · lowered · tea · tenderly · sixA · mixA · eton · harboursB · arboursB · eight
  10. 11 AABB handA · standA · steadyB · readyB
  11. 12 ABABA-C-DC--DEEFF spreadA · behindB · fedA · windB · headA · fierce · courseC · stems · theD · sourceC · come · tempestuously · seaD · coilE · boilE · lightF · brightF
  12. 13 -ABABCBCDCD-DD forth · cloveA · chasmB · loveA · spasmB · clingC · enthusiasmB · wanderingC · crystallineD · flingC · wineD · wild · pineD · oceanD
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Poems", 1824; revised and enlarged by Rossetti, "Complete Poetical16/˘˘/·˘/·˘/˘˘/···
Our boat is asleep on Serchio's stream,10/˘··˘/····
Its sails are folded like thoughts in a dream,10···/˘·····
The helm sways idly, hither and thither;10···/˘/˘·/˘
Dominic, the boatman, has brought the mast,10/˘˘·/˘····
And the oars, and the sails; but 'tis sleeping fast,11········/˘·
Like a beast, unconscious of its tether.10····/˘··/˘
The stars burnt out in the pale blue air,9·········
And the thin white moon lay withering there;10······/˘˘·
To tower, and cavern, and rift, and tree,10·/˘·/˘····
The owl and the bat fled drowsily.9······/˘˘
Day had kindled the dewy woods,9··/˘˘·/˘·
And the rocks above and the stream below,10··········
And the vapours in their multitudes,9··/˘··/˘·
And the Apennine's shroud of summer snow,10··/˘···/˘·
And clothed with light of aery gold9··˘···/˘·
The mists in their eastern caves uprolled.10····/˘···˘
Day had awakened all things that be,10··˘/˘˘····
The lark and the thrush and the swallow free,10·······/˘·
And the milkmaid's song and the mower's scythe10·······/˘·
And the matin-bell and the mountain bee:10··/˘···/˘·
Fireflies were quenched on the dewy corn,10/˘·····/˘·
Glow-worms went out on the river's brim,9······/˘·
Like lamps which a student forgets to trim:10····/˘˘/··
The beetle forgot to wind his horn,9·/˘˘/····
The crickets were still in the meadow and hill:11·/˘····/···
Like a flock of rooks at a farmer's gun10·······/˘·
Night's dreams and terrors, every one,9···/˘/˘˘·
Fled from the brains which are their prey8········
From the lamp's death to the morning ray.9······/˘·
All rose to do the task He set to each,10··········
Who shaped us to His ends and not our own;10········/·
The million rose to learn, and one to teach10·/˘·······
What none yet ever knew or can be known.10···/˘·····
And many rose4·/˘·
Whose woe was such that fear became desire;--11······˘/˘/˘
Melchior and Lionel were not among those;11˘/˘·/˘·····
They from the throng of men had stepped aside,10········˘/
And made their home under the green hill-side.10··········
It was that hill, whose intervening brow10······˘/˘·
Screens Lucca from the Pisan's envious eye,10·/˘····/˘·
Which the circumfluous plain waving below,10······/˘··
Like a wide lake of green fertility,10······˘/˘˘
With streams and fields and marshes bare,8·····/˘·
Divides from the far Apennines--which lie10˘/···/˘···
Islanded in the immeasurable air.10/˘··˘/˘·˘·
'What think you, as she lies in her green cove,10··········
Our little sleeping boat is dreaming of?'10//˘/˘··/˘·
'If morning dreams are true, why I should guess10·/˘·······
That she was dreaming of our idleness,11···/˘·/˘/˘˘
And of the miles of watery way9·····/˘˘·
We should have led her by this time of day.'-10··········
'Never mind,' said Lionel,7/˘··/˘˘
'Give care to the winds, they can bear it well10··········
About yon poplar-tops; and see8···/˘···
The white clouds are driving merrily,9····/˘/˘˘
And the stars we miss this morn will light9·········
More willingly our return to-night.--10·/˘˘/˘˘/··
How it whistles, Dominic's long black hair!10··/˘/˘˘···
List, my dear fellow; the breeze blows fair:9···/˘····
Hear how it sings into the air--'9·········
--'Of us and of our lazy motions,'10····/˘/˘/˘
Impatiently said Melchior,8˘/˘˘·˘/˘
'If I can guess a boat's emotions;9······˘/˘
And how we ought, two hours before,9·····/˘··
To have been the devil knows where.'8····/˘··
And then, in such transalpine Tuscan9····˘/˘/˘
As would have killed a Della-Cruscan,10····˘·/˘··
So, Lionel according to his art10·/˘˘˘/˘···
Weaving his idle words, Melchior said:10/˘·/˘·˘/˘·
'She dreams that we are not yet out of bed;10··········
We'll put a soul into her, and a heart10··········
Which like a dove chased by a dove shall beat.'10··········
'Ay, heave the ballast overboard,8···/˘/˘·
And stow the eatables in the aft locker.'11···/˘˘···/˘
'Would not this keg be best a little lowered?'11·······/˘/˘
'No, now all's right.' 'Those bottles of warm tea--10·····/˘···
(Give me some straw)--must be stowed tenderly;10·······/˘˘
Such as we used, in summer after six,10·····/˘···
To cram in greatcoat pockets, and to mix10···/˘/˘···
Hard eggs and radishes and rolls at Eton,11···/˘˘···/˘
And, couched on stolen hay in those green harbours11···/˘····/˘
Farmers called gaps, and we schoolboys called arbours,11/˘····/··/˘
Would feast till eight.'4····
With a bottle in one hand,7··/˘···
As if his very soul were at a stand10···/˘·····
Lionel stood--when Melchior brought him steady:--11/˘··˘/˘··/˘
'Sit at the helm--fasten this sheet--all ready!'11····/˘···/˘
The chain is loosed, the sails are spread,9····˘····
The living breath is fresh behind,8·/˘·····
As with dews and sunrise fed,7····/··
Comes the laughing morning wind;--7··/˘/˘·
The sails are full, the boat makes head8········
Against the Serchio's torrent fierce,8·····/˘·
Then flags with intermitting course,8········
And hangs upon the wave, and stems8········
The tempest of the...5·/˘··
Which fervid from its mountain source8·/˘··/˘·
Shallow, smooth and strong doth come,--7/˘·····
Swift as fire, tempestuously8··/˘····
It sweeps into the affrighted sea;9·········
In morning's smile its eddies coil,8·/˘··/˘·
Its billows sparkle, toss and boil,8·/˘/˘···
Torturing all its quiet light8/˘˘··/˘·
Into columns fierce and bright.7··/˘···
The Serchio, twisting forth6···/˘·
Between the marble barriers which it clove10···/˘/˘···
At Ripafratta, leads through the dread chasm11·········/˘
The wave that died the death which lovers love,10·······/˘·
Living in what it sought; as if this spasm11/˘·······/˘
Had not yet passed, the toppling mountains cling,10·····/˘/˘·
But the clear stream in full enthusiasm11······˘/˘·˘
Pours itself on the plain, then wandering10·˘/····/˘˘
Down one clear path of effluence crystalline10·····/˘/˘·
Sends its superfluous waves, that they may fling10··/˘······
At Arno's feet tribute of corn and wine;10·/˘·/˘····
Then, through the pestilential deserts wild10·······/˘·
Of tangled marsh and woods of stunted pine,10·/˘····/˘·
It rushes to the Ocean.7·/˘··/˘

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