Chapter IX: Story on Enmity between Two Persons

Saadi (1210–1291), translated by G. S. Davie · 1882

anapaestic tetrameter · rhyming couplets · 42 lines · from The Garden of Fragrance

Two persons, in hatred and fighting engaged,And looked on each other, like leopards enraged.To avoid one another, so far did they fly,That the Earth was too small for them, under the sky.At the head of one, Fate with his army arrived,And him of enjoying more pleasure deprived.This, delight to the heart of his enemy gave ;A short time thereafter, he passed by his grave.The cell of his tomb, he saw plastered with clay ;He had seen his gilt house on the previous day.By the strength of his arm, with malicious intent,He a slab from the face of the sepulchre rent.He saw his crowned head lying inside the pit,And his world-seeing eyes filled entirely with grit.His body confined in the tomb-prison lay;His corpse food for worms and the greedy ant's prey.From the sky's revolutions his full-moon-like face,To a sharp-pointed crescent had now given place ;And towards him, time had such tyranny shown,That his cypress-like form, like a toothpick had grown.The palms of his hands and his fingers of strength,By time had their pieces disjointed, at length.His heart for him sympathy showed, in such way,That the tears from his eyes wrought his dust into clay.He regretted the manner he served him from spite;On the slab of his grave he desired them to write :"At any one's death, from rejoicing refrain !For after he dies you a moment remain."Some one heard the remark who with wisdom was stored,And wept, saying, "Oh, Thou Omnipotent Lord !It were strange did Thy mercy to him not extend,Whose foe for him bitterly wept, like a friend."One day will our bodies in like manner turnThat our enemies' hearts, too, will over them burn.Perhaps the Friend's heart will to me mercy show,When He sees me forgiven, at last, by my foe !Such a state of the skull will immediately rise,That you'd say, it had never contained any eyes.I struck an earth mound with a pick-axe, one day ;A cry of distress, in my ears seemed to say:"Take a little more care, if you're manly, I pray!There are ear-tips and eyes; face and head in this clay."

Words in this poem

avoid v. t.
To empty. Wyclif. [OF. esvuidier, es (L. ex) + vuidier, voidier, to empty. See Void, a.]
thereafter adv.
After that; afterward. [AS. th\'d6ræfter after that. See There, and After.]
sepulchre n.
The place in which the dead body of a human being is interred, or a place set apart for that purpose; a grave; a tomb. [OE. sepulcre, OF. sepulcre, F. sépulcre, fr. L. sepulcrum, sepulchrum, fr. sepelire to bury.]
corpse n.
A human body in general, whether living or dead; -- sometimes contemptuosly. [OF. cors (sometimes written corps), F. corps, L. corpus; akin to AS. hrif womb. See Midriff, and cf. Corse, Corselet, Corps, Cuerpo.]
toothpick n.
A pointed instument for clearing the teeth of substances lodged between them.
disjointed a.
Separated at the joints; disconnected; incoherent.
bitterly adv.
In a bitter manner.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Chapter IX: Story on Enmity between Two Persons is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Garden of Fragrance: being a complete translation of the Bostan of Sadi from the original Persian into English verse, by G. S. Davie (London: Kegan Paul, Trench and Co., 1882), Internet Archive, the G. S. Davie translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Saadi, Chapter IX: Story on Enmity between Two Persons, in The Garden of Fragrance (1882), text of Internet Archive, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/saadi-bostan/9-10.html, id L29744.

Form and metre

Chapter IX: Story on Enmity between Two Persons is 42 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets. The metre is anapaestic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 91%).

See other poems in rhyming couplets, other poems in anapaestic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNNOOPPQQRRSSTTTT engagedA · enragedA · flyB · skyB · arrivedC · deprivedC · gaveD · graveD · clayE · dayE · intentF · rentF · pitG · gritG · layH · preyH · faceI · placeI · shownJ · grownJ · strengthK · lengthK · wayL · clayL · spiteM · writeM · refrainN · remainN · storedO · lordO · extendP · friendP · turnQ · burnQ · showR · foeR · riseS · eyesS · dayT · sayT · prayT · clayT
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against anapaestic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Two persons, in hatred and fighting engaged,11·/˘·/˘·/˘˘/
And looked on each other, like leopards enraged.11····/˘·/˘˘/
To avoid one another, so far did they fly,12·˘/·˘/˘·····
That the Earth was too small for them, under the sky.12············
At the head of one, Fate with his army arrived,12········/˘˘/
And him of enjoying more pleasure deprived.11···˘/˘·/˘˘/
This, delight to the heart of his enemy gave ;11·˘/·····/˘·
A short time thereafter, he passed by his grave.11···˘/˘·····
The cell of his tomb, he saw plastered with clay ;11·······/˘··
He had seen his gilt house on the previous day.11········/˘·
By the strength of his arm, with malicious intent,12·······˘/˘˘/
He a slab from the face of the sepulchre rent.11···········
He saw his crowned head lying inside the pit,11·····/˘/···
And his world-seeing eyes filled entirely with grit.11···/··˘/˘··
His body confined in the tomb-prison lay;11·/˘˘/···/˘·
His corpse food for worms and the greedy ant's prey.11·······/˘··
From the sky's revolutions his full-moon-like face,12····˘/˘·····
To a sharp-pointed crescent had now given place ;11···/˘/˘··/·
And towards him, time had such tyranny shown,11·······/˘˘·
That his cypress-like form, like a toothpick had grown.12··/˘····/···
The palms of his hands and his fingers of strength,11·······/˘··
By time had their pieces disjointed, at length.11····/˘˘/˘··
His heart for him sympathy showed, in such way,11····/˘˘····
That the tears from his eyes wrought his dust into clay.12············
He regretted the manner he served him from spite;12·˘/˘·/˘·····
On the slab of his grave he desired them to write :12·······˘/···
"At any one's death, from rejoicing refrain !11·/˘···˘/˘˘/
For after he dies you a moment remain."11·······/˘˘/
Some one heard the remark who with wisdom was stored,12····˘/··/˘··
And wept, saying, "Oh, Thou Omnipotent Lord !11··/˘··˘/˘˘·
It were strange did Thy mercy to him not extend,12·····/˘···˘/
Whose foe for him bitterly wept, like a friend."11····/˘˘····
One day will our bodies in like manner turn11···//˘··/˘·
That our enemies' hearts, too, will over them burn.11·//˘˘······
Perhaps the Friend's heart will to me mercy show,11˘/······/˘·
When He sees me forgiven, at last, by my foe !12····˘/˘·····
Such a state of the skull will immediately rise,11·······˘/˘·
That you'd say, it had never contained any eyes.11·····/˘//˘·
I struck an earth mound with a pick-axe, one day ;11···········
A cry of distress, in my ears seemed to say:11···˘/······
"Take a little more care, if you're manly, I pray!12··/˘····/˘··
There are ear-tips and eyes; face and head in this clay."12············

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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