Chapter VIII: Story of Sultan Toghral and the Slave Guard
I have heard that Toghral, on a cold, wintry night,Passed a slave-guard on duty and saw his sad plight.From the falling of snow and the torrents of rain,Like Canopus, he could not from trembling refrain.For the watchman, his heart out of pity grew hot,And he said, "Take this mantle of sheepskin, I've got!Near the roof for a moment, expecting it, stand!And I'll send it without, by a slave stripling's hand."The wind in the meantime a hurricane blew,As inside his palace the king slipped from view.He possessed in his household a fairy-faced slave,To whose charms a good share of attention he gave.On beholding the maiden, such joy did he find,That the wretched slave sentry escaped from his mind.The mantle of sheepskin went through the slave's ear ;From bad luck, on his shoulders it did not appear.With the pain of the cold, was it little to cope,That the tyrannous sky should have bidden him hope?Observe, when the king heedless slept on his bed,What the drummer, when daylight appeared, to him said :"Very likely Nek-Bakht on your thoughts did not rest,When you carried your hand to the fair maiden's breast !In enjoyment and pleasure, your night slips away,How know you how our night dissolves into day ?"When the head of the trav'ller is over the pot,What cares he concerning the sand-stayed one's lot?To your ships on the water, oh master, hold fast!For the water has over the pauper's head passed!Oh active, young man! you should practise delay !For feeble old men in the caravan stay.In the caravan litter, you sleep without qualm,While the halter is held in the camel-man's palm:What are deserts and hills, rocks and sand to your mind?Find the truth out from. those on the road left behind !A beast, like a mountain in form, bears you well,Of the footman who eats his own blood, can you tell?Those in comfort, asleep 'mong the baggage, who wait,Do not know of the famishing stomach's sad state.
Words in this poem
- wintry a.
- Suitable to winter; resembling winter, or what belongs to winter; brumal; hyemal; cold; stormy; wintery. [AS. wintrig.]
- plight v. t.
- To weave; to braid; to fold; to plait. [OE. pliten; probably through Old French, fr. LL. plectare, L. plectere. See Plait, Ply.]
- canopus n.
- A star of the first magnitude in the southern constellation Argo.
- watchman n.
- One set to watch; a person who keeps guard; a guard; a sentinel.
- beholding a.
- Obliged; beholden.
- went n.
- Course; way; path; journey; direction.
- tyrannous a.
- Tyrannical; arbitrary; unjustly severe; despotic. Sir P.
- drummer n.
- One whose office is to best the drum, as in military exercises and marching.
- daylight n.
- The light of day as opposed to the darkness of night; the light of the sun, as opposed to that of the moon or to artificial light.
- qualm n.
- Sickness; disease; pestilence; death. [AS. cwealm death, slaughter, pestilence, akin to OS. & OHG. qualm. See Quail to cower.]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
Chapter VIII: Story of Sultan Toghral and the Slave Guard is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Garden of Fragrance: being a complete translation of the Bostan of Sadi from the original Persian into English verse, by G. S. Davie (London: Kegan Paul, Trench and Co., 1882), Internet Archive, the G. S. Davie translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Saadi, Chapter VIII: Story of Sultan Toghral and the Slave Guard, in The Garden of Fragrance (1882), text of Internet Archive, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/saadi-bostan/8-8.html, id L29726.
Form and metre
Chapter VIII: Story of Sultan Toghral and the Slave Guard is 38 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets. The metre is anapaestic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 92%).
See other poems in rhyming couplets, other poems in anapaestic tetrameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNNOOPPQQRRSS nightA · plightA · rainB · refrainB · hotC · gotC · standD · handD · blewE · viewE · slaveF · gaveF · findG · mindG · earH · appearH · copeI · hopeI · bedJ · saidJ · restK · breastK · awayL · dayL · potM · lotM · fastN · passedN · delayO · stayO · qualmP · palmP · mindQ · behindQ · wellR · tellR · waitS · stateS
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against anapaestic tetrameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| I have heard that Toghral, on a cold, wintry night, | 12 | ·········/˘· |
| Passed a slave-guard on duty and saw his sad plight. | 12 | ·····/˘····· |
| From the falling of snow and the torrents of rain, | 12 | ··/˘····/˘·· |
| Like Canopus, he could not from trembling refrain. | 12 | ·˘/˘····/˘˘/ |
| For the watchman, his heart out of pity grew hot, | 12 | ··/˘····/˘·· |
| And he said, "Take this mantle of sheepskin, I've got! | 12 | ·····/˘·/··· |
| Near the roof for a moment, expecting it, stand! | 12 | ·····/˘˘/˘·· |
| And I'll send it without, by a slave stripling's hand." | 12 | ·········/˘· |
| The wind in the meantime a hurricane blew, | 11 | ····/··/˘·· |
| As inside his palace the king slipped from view. | 12 | ·˘/·/˘···˘·· |
| He possessed in his household a fairy-faced slave, | 12 | ·˘/··/··/˘·· |
| To whose charms a good share of attention he gave. | 12 | ·······˘/˘·· |
| On beholding the maiden, such joy did he find, | 12 | ·˘/˘·/˘····· |
| That the wretched slave sentry escaped from his mind. | 12 | ··/˘·/˘˘/··· |
| The mantle of sheepskin went through the slave's ear ; | 11 | ·/˘·/······ |
| From bad luck, on his shoulders it did not appear. | 12 | ·····/˘···˘/ |
| With the pain of the cold, was it little to cope, | 12 | ········/˘·· |
| That the tyrannous sky should have bidden him hope? | 12 | ··/˘˘···/˘·· |
| Observe, when the king heedless slept on his bed, | 11 | ˘/···/˘···· |
| What the drummer, when daylight appeared, to him said : | 12 | ··/˘·/·˘/··· |
| "Very likely Nek-Bakht on your thoughts did not rest, | 12 | /˘/˘········ |
| When you carried your hand to the fair maiden's breast ! | 12 | ··/˘·····/˘· |
| In enjoyment and pleasure, your night slips away, | 12 | ·˘/˘·/˘···˘/ |
| How know you how our night dissolves into day ?" | 12 | ····/˘·˘/··· |
| When the head of the trav'ller is over the pot, | 12 | ············ |
| What cares he concerning the sand-stayed one's lot? | 12 | ···˘/˘···˘·· |
| To your ships on the water, oh master, hold fast! | 12 | ·····/˘·/˘·· |
| For the water has over the pauper's head passed! | 12 | ··/˘····/˘·· |
| Oh active, young man! you should practise delay ! | 11 | ·/˘····/˘˘/ |
| For feeble old men in the caravan stay. | 11 | ·/˘····/˘·· |
| In the caravan litter, you sleep without qualm, | 12 | ··/˘·/˘····· |
| While the halter is held in the camel-man's palm: | 12 | ··/˘····/˘·· |
| What are deserts and hills, rocks and sand to your mind? | 12 | ··/˘········ |
| Find the truth out from. those on the road left behind ! | 12 | ············ |
| A beast, like a mountain in form, bears you well, | 11 | ····/˘····· |
| Of the footman who eats his own blood, can you tell? | 12 | ··/˘········ |
| Those in comfort, asleep 'mong the baggage, who wait, | 12 | ··/˘˘/··/˘·· |
| Do not know of the famishing stomach's sad state. | 12 | ········/˘·· |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.