Chapter IV: Story on the Meanness of the Worthless and the Forbearance of the Worthy

Saadi (1210–1291), translated by G. S. Davie · 1882

anapaestic tetrameter · rhyming couplets · 66 lines · from The Garden of Fragrance

A "sauce-box" his wants to a pious man brought,Who happened himself at the time to have nought.Of money his girdle and hand showed no trace,Or else he'd have thrown it like dust in his face.To the outside the vile-visaged beggar then ran,And to scold and abuse in the street thus began :"Of these silent-tongued scorpions," he shouted, "beware!They are fierce, tearing tigers who woollen clothes wear.With their knees on their bosoms so cat-like, they stay,And spring like a dog if a chance comes their way.Their mart of deceit to the Musjid they brought,For within their own houses less plunder they got.Those who rob caravans are a lion-like race,But the raiment of men in such hands meet disgrace.Black patches and white they together have sewnWith deceit, and in secret their riches have grown.Well done ! barley sellers, exhibiting wheat !World wanderers ! night birds, who men's harvests eat !Take no heed that in worship they're feeble and old,For in dancing and pleasure they're youthful and bold !Like Moses famed rod, they devour a great deal,And then show how distressed and afflicted they feel.They do not abstain and their wisdom is Nil;It's enough that the faith brings of Earth's joys their fill.A cloak like Balil's they draw over their breast,And in garments most costly their women are dress'd.Of the Prophet's great law not a trace do they show,But siestas and morning repasts, they all know.Their stomachs with morsels are stuffed, seized as dues,Like the beggar's patched wallet of seventy hues."I care not to further enlarge on this caseFor to talk of your own disposition is base.The speaker untruthful denounced in this style ;The fault-seeking eye only sees what is vile.When a man has a great many others disgraced ;What cares he when any one's honour's effaced?To the Sheikh a disciple reported the lies ;If the truth you require, such an act was not wise.A foe at my back told my faults and reposed,Much worse is the friend who brought all and disclosed.Some one shot forth an arrow which fell on the road,It hurt not my body nor sorrow bestowed;You lifted it up and came quickly to me,And prick at my ribs with it, heartless and free.The good-natured pietist smilingly said :"It is easy to utter much more on this head!So far but a speck of my sins he can show;But one in a hundred of all that I know.Those faults which to me in suspicion he bound,I myself know for certain within me are found.For the first time this year, he before me appears ;Does he know of my faults during seventy years?Than myself, none knows better the sins I have doneIn this world, but the All-wise, Invisible One."A right thinking man I have never yet seen,Who thought that excepting one fault he was clean.Is my sins' witness he, at the last trumpet's swell ;I fear not the Fire for my footing is well.If my enemy wishes my faults to pourtray,Bid him take, from before me, the copy away.Those persons have been the pure men of God's road,Who themselves as the butt of Calamity showed.Be silent, until they the skin off you tear!For the pious, the burdens of wantons must bear.If a goblet they make from the ashes of men,With stones, the revilers will break it again.

Words in this poem

beware v. t.
To avoid; to take care of; to have a care for.
mart v. t.
To buy or sell in, or as in, a mart.
untruthful a.
Not truthful; unveracious; contrary to the truth or the fact.
reposed a.
Composed; calm; tranquil; at rest.
heartless a.
Without a heart.
smilingly adv.
In a smiling manner.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Chapter IV: Story on the Meanness of the Worthless and the Forbearance of the Worthy is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Garden of Fragrance: being a complete translation of the Bostan of Sadi from the original Persian into English verse, by G. S. Davie (London: Kegan Paul, Trench and Co., 1882), Internet Archive, the G. S. Davie translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Saadi, Chapter IV: Story on the Meanness of the Worthless and the Forbearance of the Worthy, in The Garden of Fragrance (1882), text of Internet Archive, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/saadi-bostan/4-14.html, id L29635.

Form and metre

Chapter IV: Story on the Meanness of the Worthless and the Forbearance of the Worthy is 66 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets. The metre is anapaestic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 92%).

See other poems in rhyming couplets, other poems in anapaestic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNNOOPPQQRRSSTTUUVVWWXXYYZZaabbccddeeffgg broughtA · noughtA · traceB · faceB · ranC · beganC · bewareD · wearD · stayE · wayE · broughtF · gotF · raceG · disgraceG · sewnH · grownH · wheatI · eatI · oldJ · boldJ · dealK · feelK · nilL · fillL · breastM · dress'dM · showN · knowN · duesO · huesO · caseP · baseP · styleQ · vileQ · disgracedR · effacedR · liesS · wiseS · reposedT · disclosedT · roadU · bestowedU · meV · freeV · saidW · headW · showX · knowX · boundY · foundY · appearsZ · yearsZ · donea · onea · seenb · cleanb · swellc · wellc · pourtrayd · awayd · roade · showede · tearf · bearf · meng · againg
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against anapaestic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
A "sauce-box" his wants to a pious man brought,11·······/˘··
Who happened himself at the time to have nought.12·/˘˘/·······
Of money his girdle and hand showed no trace,12·/˘·/˘···˘··
Or else he'd have thrown it like dust in his face.11···········
To the outside the vile-visaged beggar then ran,12··//··/˘/˘··
And to scold and abuse in the street thus began :12····˘/····˘/
"Of these silent-tongued scorpions," he shouted, "beware!12··/˘·/˘·/˘˘/
They are fierce, tearing tigers who woollen clothes wear.12···/˘/˘·/˘··
With their knees on their bosoms so cat-like, they stay,12·····/˘·····
And spring like a dog if a chance comes their way.11···········
Their mart of deceit to the Musjid they brought,11···˘/······
For within their own houses less plunder they got.12·····/˘·/˘··
Those who rob caravans are a lion-like race,12···/˘···/˘··
But the raiment of men in such hands meet disgrace.12··/˘······˘/
Black patches and white they together have sewn11·/˘···˘/˘··
With deceit, and in secret their riches have grown.12·˘/··/˘·/˘··
Well done ! barley sellers, exhibiting wheat !11··/˘/˘˘/˘˘·
World wanderers ! night birds, who men's harvests eat !11·/˘˘····/˘·
Take no heed that in worship they're feeble and old,12·····/˘·/˘··
For in dancing and pleasure they're youthful and bold !12··/˘·/˘·/˘··
Like Moses famed rod, they devour a great deal,12·/˘···˘/˘···
And then show how distressed and afflicted they feel.12····˘/·˘/˘··
They do not abstain and their wisdom is Nil;11···˘/··/˘··
It's enough that the faith brings of Earth's joys their fill.12·˘/·········
A cloak like Balil's they draw over their breast,11···········
And in garments most costly their women are dress'd.12··/˘·/˘·/˘··
Of the Prophet's great law not a trace do they show,12··/˘········
But siestas and morning repasts, they all know.11····/˘·····
Their stomachs with morsels are stuffed, seized as dues,12·/˘·/˘··˘···
Like the beggar's patched wallet of seventy hues."12··/˘·/˘·/˘˘·
I care not to further enlarge on this case11····/˘˘/···
For to talk of your own disposition is base.12·······˘/˘··
The speaker untruthful denounced in this style ;12·/˘˘/˘˘/˘···
The fault-seeking eye only sees what is vile.11··/˘·/˘····
When a man has a great many others disgraced ;12······/˘/˘˘/
What cares he when any one's honour's effaced?12····/˘·/˘˘/˘
To the Sheikh a disciple reported the lies ;12····˘/˘·/˘··
If the truth you require, such an act was not wise.12·····/······
A foe at my back told my faults and reposed,12·········/·˘
Much worse is the friend who brought all and disclosed.12·········˘/˘
Some one shot forth an arrow which fell on the road,12·····/˘·····
It hurt not my body nor sorrow bestowed;12····/˘·/˘˘/˘
You lifted it up and came quickly to me,11·/˘····/˘··
And prick at my ribs with it, heartless and free.11·······/˘··
The good-natured pietist smilingly said :12··/˘˘/˘˘/˘˘·
"It is easy to utter much more on this head!12··/˘·/˘·····
So far but a speck of my sins he can show;11···········
But one in a hundred of all that I know.12····/˘˘·····
Those faults which to me in suspicion he bound,11······˘/˘··
I myself know for certain within me are found.12··/··/˘·····
For the first time this year, he before me appears ;12··········˘/
Does he know of my faults during seventy years?12······/˘/˘˘·
Than myself, none knows better the sins I have done12··/··/˘·····
In this world, but the All-wise, Invisible One."12·······˘/˘˘·
A right thinking man I have never yet seen,11··/˘···/˘··
Who thought that excepting one fault he was clean.11····/˘·····
Is my sins' witness he, at the last trumpet's swell ;12···/˘····/˘·
I fear not the Fire for my footing is well.12····/˘··/˘··
If my enemy wishes my faults to pourtray,12··/˘˘/˘···˘/
Bid him take, from before me, the copy away.12········/˘˘/
Those persons have been the pure men of God's road,11·/˘········
Who themselves as the butt of Calamity showed.12·˘/····˘/˘˘·
Be silent, until they the skin off you tear!11·/˘········
For the pious, the burdens of wantons must bear.12··/˘·/˘·/˘··
If a goblet they make from the ashes of men,12··/˘····/˘··
With stones, the revilers will break it again.11·········˘/

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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