Chapter II: On Kindness to the Unworthy

Saadi (1210–1291), translated by G. S. Davie · 1882

anapaestic tetrameter · rhyming couplets · 32 lines · from The Garden of Fragrance

I have heard that a man some home sorrow endured,For bees in his roof had their dwelling secured.He asked for a big butcher's-knife from his dame—To demolish the nest of the bees was his aim.His wife said, " Oh, do not effect your design !For the poor bees, dispersed from their dwelling, will pine."The foolish man yielded and went his own way ;His wife with their stings was assaulted one day.The man from his shop to his dwelling returned ;At his wife's stupid folly, with anger he burnedThe ignorant woman, from door, street and roof,Was shouting complaints, while the man gave reproof!"Do not make your face sour in men's presence, oh wife !" Deprive not,' you said, ' the poor bees of their life !'"On behalf of the bad, why beneficence show?Forbear with the bad and you make their sins grow.When oppression of men, in a ruler, you note,With a sharp-cutting sword you should tickle his throat.That a dog should have "food-trays," what worth has he shown?Give orders, so that they may toss him a bone !The village priest, nicely, this proverb expressed:" For the pack-horse that kicks, heavy burdens are best."When the night-watch, patrolling, civility shows,At night, from the thieves, not a soul gets repose.In the centre of battle the cane of one spearIs, than thousands of sugar-canes, reckoned more dear.That all are not worthy of riches, is clear;One. needs riches, another a box on the ear.When you rear up a cat, off your pigeons it bears;If a wolf you should fatten, your Joseph it tears.The building whose base is not stable and true,Raise not lofty! or show for it dread, if you do!

Words in this poem

dame n.
A mistress of a family, who is a lady; a womam in authority; especially, a lady. [F. dame, LL. domna, fr. L. domina mistress, lady, fem. of dominus master, ruler, lord; akin to domare to tame, subdue. See Tame, and cf. Dam mother, Dan, Danger]
went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
reproof n.
Refutation; confutation; contradiction. [OE. reproef. See Proof, Reprove.]
beneficence n.
The practice of doing good; active goodness, kindness, or charity; bounty springing from purity and goodness. [L. beneficentia, fr. beneficus: cf. F. bénéficence. See Benefice.]
tickle a.
Ticklish; easily tickled.
civility n.
The state of society in which the relations and duties of a citizen are recognized and obeyed; a state of civilization. [L. civilitas: cf. F. civilité. See Civil.]
centre v. i.
To be placed in a center; to be central.
needs adv.
Of necessity; necessarily; indispensably; -- often with must, and equivalent to of need. [Orig. gen. of need, used as an adverb. Cf. - wards.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Chapter II: On Kindness to the Unworthy is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Garden of Fragrance: being a complete translation of the Bostan of Sadi from the original Persian into English verse, by G. S. Davie (London: Kegan Paul, Trench and Co., 1882), Internet Archive, the G. S. Davie translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Saadi, Chapter II: On Kindness to the Unworthy, in The Garden of Fragrance (1882), text of Internet Archive, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/saadi-bostan/2-34.html, id L29591.

Form and metre

Chapter II: On Kindness to the Unworthy is 32 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets. The metre is anapaestic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 94%).

See other poems in rhyming couplets, other poems in anapaestic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMMMNNOO enduredA · securedA · dameB · aimB · designC · pineC · wayD · dayD · returnedE · burnedE · roofF · reproofF · wifeG · lifeG · showH · growH · noteI · throatI · shownJ · boneJ · expressedK · bestK · showsL · reposeL · spearM · dearM · clearM · earM · bearsN · tearsN · trueO · doO
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against anapaestic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
I have heard that a man some home sorrow endured,12········/˘˘/
For bees in his roof had their dwelling secured.12·······/˘˘/˘
He asked for a big butcher's-knife from his dame—12··˘···/˘····
To demolish the nest of the bees was his aim.12·˘/˘········
His wife said, " Oh, do not effect your design !11······/˘·˘/
For the poor bees, dispersed from their dwelling, will pine."12····˘/··/˘··
The foolish man yielded and went his own way ;11·/˘·/˘·····
His wife with their stings was assaulted one day.11······˘/˘··
The man from his shop to his dwelling returned ;12·······/˘˘/˘
At his wife's stupid folly, with anger he burned12···/˘/˘·/˘··
The ignorant woman, from door, street and roof,11·/˘˘/˘·····
Was shouting complaints, while the man gave reproof!11·/˘˘/····˘/
"Do not make your face sour in men's presence, oh wife !12·····/··/˘··
" Deprive not,' you said, ' the poor bees of their life !'"11˘/·········
On behalf of the bad, why beneficence show?12·˘/····˘/˘˘·
Forbear with the bad and you make their sins grow.11˘/·········
When oppression of men, in a ruler, you note,12·˘/˘····/˘··
With a sharp-cutting sword you should tickle his throat.12···/˘···/˘··
That a dog should have "food-trays," what worth has he shown?12············
Give orders, so that they may toss him a bone !11·/˘········
The village priest, nicely, this proverb expressed:12·/˘·/˘·/˘˘/˘
" For the pack-horse that kicks, heavy burdens are best."12······/˘/˘··
When the night-watch, patrolling, civility shows,12····˘/˘˘/˘˘·
At night, from the thieves, not a soul gets repose.11·········˘/
In the centre of battle the cane of one spear12··/˘·/˘·····
Is, than thousands of sugar-canes, reckoned more dear.12··/˘·/˘·/˘··
That all are not worthy of riches, is clear;11····/˘·/˘··
One. needs riches, another a box on the ear.12··/˘˘/˘·····
When you rear up a cat, off your pigeons it bears;12········/˘··
If a wolf you should fatten, your Joseph it tears.12·····/˘·/˘··
The building whose base is not stable and true,11·/˘····/˘··
Raise not lofty! or show for it dread, if you do!12··/˘········

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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