Chapter II: Hatim-Tai and the Assassin

Saadi (1210–1291), translated by G. S. Davie · 1882

anapaestic tetrameter · rhyming couplets · 76 lines · from The Garden of Fragrance

I forget who narrated this story to me,That in Yemen, a monarch there happened to be.Fortune's ball he abducted from others renowned,For in scattering treasure his peer was not found.Generosity's cloud, you might call him, with gain,For his hand sprinkled direms, like showers of rain.If one spoke in his presence of Hatim's good name,Towards Hatim, wild rage to his head quickly came."How long will you talk of that wind-weigher, pray !Who neither has country, nor treasure, nor sway?"For a banquet, I've heard that he issued behests ;At the feast, like a harp, he delighted his guests.Some one started the mention of Hatim Tai's fame,And another continued his praise to proclaim.In the monarch, vile Envy a wicked thought hatched,And a person to shed Hatim's blood he despatched.For he said, "While this Hatim exists, in my days,My name will not travel, united with praise."On the road to the Tai tribe the hireling set out,And to kill the kind Hatim, went searching about ;Before him a young man approached on the road,From whose visage, the odour of heartiness flowed.He was handsome and wise; a sweet tongue he possessed ;He took the man home for the night, as his guest.He was kind, sympathized and apologies made,And by goodness, the fiend in the wretch's heart laid!He kissed in the morning his hands and his feet;Saying, " Tarry some days with me here, I entreat !"He answered, "I cannot now halt in this spot,For before me, a work of importance I've got!""If you mention the business to me," he then said ;"Like friends of one heart, with my life I will aid.""Oh liberal man ! to my statement give ear !For I know that the gen'rous can secrets revere.Perhaps, in this district you know Hatim Tai,Of fortunate name and of qualities high?The monarch of Yemen has asked for his head ;I know not what hate has between them been bred.To where he resides, will you kindly direct?This much from your favour, oh friend! I expect."The youth, smiling, said, "I am Hatim! and lo!Here's my head—cut it off with your sword, at a blow !It is wrong that when morning dissolves into day,You should suffer a wrong, or go hopeless away."When Hatim so gen'rously offered to die,There arose from the soul of the youth a loud cry.He fell to the earth ; jumped again on the ground ;Kissed his feet and his hands and the dust all around.He threw down his sword ; cast his quiver away,And with hands, slave-like, folded, proceeded to say,—"Did I dare but to strike 'gainst your body a rose,I'd be woman, not man, as our noble faith shows."He kissed Hatim's eyes; gave a parting embrace,And went towards Yemen, away from that place.By the face of the man, the king instantly knewThat he had not performed what he said he would do.He said, " Come along, now! what news do you bring?You did not his head with your saddle-strap sling?Perhaps the renowned one attacked you, instead?And, from weakness, you failed in the combat, and fled?"The clever, magnanimous man kissed the ground ;Praised the monarch and rendered obeisance profound"Oh king ! full of justice and reason, I pray !Give ear unto what about Hatim I say !In him I discovered a generous youth ;Accomplished, kind-visaged and handsome, forsooth!I saw he was lib'ral, and wise notions held ;And found that in courage myself he excelled.The load of his favour, my back crooked made !He killed me with kindness and Favour's keen blade."He told what he saw of his generous ways.On the household of Hatim, the king showered praise.He gave silver and gold to the messenger chaste;Saying, " Bounty's a seal upon Hatim's name placed."If people bear witness, this much he can claim,That his acts and the rumour thereof, are the same.

Words in this poem 15
spoke n.
The radius or ray of a wheel; one of the small bars which are inserted in the hub, or nave, and which serve to support the rim or felly. [OE. spoke, spake, AS, spaca; akin to D. speek, LG. speke, OHG. speihha, G. speiche. sq. root170. Cf. Spike a nail.]
weigher n.
One who weighs; specifically, an officer whose duty it is to weigh commodities.
delighted a.
Endowed with delight.
hireling n.
One who is hired, or who serves for wages; esp., one whose motive and interest in serving another are wholly gainful; a mercenary. [AS. h. See Hire, n., and -ling.]
went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
visage n.
The face, countenance, or look of a person or an animal; -- chiefly applied to the human face. [F. visage, from L. visus a seeing, a look, fr. videre, visum, to see. See Vision.]
odour n.
Any smell, whether fragrant or offensive; scent; perfume. [OE. odor, odour, OF. odor, odour, F. odeur, fr. L. odor; akin to olere to smell, Gr. Olfactory, Osmium, Ozone, Redolent.]
heartiness n.
The quality of being hearty; as, the heartiness of a greeting.
entreat v. t.
To treat, or conduct toward; to deal with; to use. [OE. entreten to treat, request, OF. entraiter to treat of; pref. en- (L. in) + traitier to treat. See Treat.]
revere v. t.
To regard with reverence, or profound respect and affection, mingled with awe or fear; to venerate; to reverence; to honor in estimation. [L. revereri; pref. re- re- + vereri to fear, perh. akin to E. wary: cf. F. révérer.]
favour n.
Kind regard; propitious aspect; countenance; friendly disposition; kindness; good will. [Written also favour.]
expect v. t.
To wait for; to await. [L. expectatum, to look out for, await, expect; ex + out spectare to look at. See Spectacle.]
generous a.
Of honorable birth or origin; highborn. [F. généreux, fr. L. generous of noble birth, noble, excellent, magnanimous, fr. genus birth, race: cf. It. generoso. See 2d Gender.]
forsooth v. t.
To address respectfully with the term forsooth.
rumour n.
A flying or popular report; the common talk; hence, public fame; notoriety. [F. rumeur, L. rumor; cf. rumificare, rumitare to rumor, Skr. ru to cry.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Chapter II: Hatim-Tai and the Assassin is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Garden of Fragrance: being a complete translation of the Bostan of Sadi from the original Persian into English verse, by G. S. Davie (London: Kegan Paul, Trench and Co., 1882), Internet Archive, the G. S. Davie translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Saadi, Chapter II: Hatim-Tai and the Assassin, in The Garden of Fragrance (1882), text of Internet Archive, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/saadi-bostan/2-22.html, id L29579.

Form and metre

Chapter II: Hatim-Tai and the Assassin is 76 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets. The metre is anapaestic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 95%).

See other poems in rhyming couplets, other poems in anapaestic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNNOOPPQQRRSSTTUUVVWWXXYYZZaabbccddeeffgghhiijjkkll meA · beA · renownedB · foundB · gainC · rainC · nameD · cameD · prayE · swayE · behestsF · guestsF · fameG · proclaimG · hatchedH · despatchedH · daysI · praiseI · outJ · aboutJ · roadK · flowedK · possessedL · guestL · madeM · laidM · feetN · entreatN · spotO · gotO · saidP · aidP · earQ · revereQ · taiR · highR · headS · bredS · directT · expectT · loU · blowU · dayV · awayV · dieW · cryW · groundX · aroundX · awayY · sayY · roseZ · showsZ · embracea · placea · knewb · dob · bringc · slingc · insteadd · fledd · grounde · profounde · prayf · sayf · youthg · forsoothg · heldh · excelledh · madei · bladei · waysj · praisej · chastek · placedk · claiml · samel
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against anapaestic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
I forget who narrated this story to me,12·˘/·/·˘·/˘··
That in Yemen, a monarch there happened to be.12··/˘·/··/˘··
Fortune's ball he abducted from others renowned,12/˘··˘/˘·/˘˘/
For in scattering treasure his peer was not found.12··/˘˘/˘·····
Generosity's cloud, you might call him, with gain,12·˘/˘˘·······
For his hand sprinkled direms, like showers of rain.12···/˘···/˘··
If one spoke in his presence of Hatim's good name,12·····/˘·····
Towards Hatim, wild rage to his head quickly came.12·········/˘·
"How long will you talk of that wind-weigher, pray !11········/˘·
Who neither has country, nor treasure, nor sway?"11·/˘·/˘·/˘··
For a banquet, I've heard that he issued behests ;12··/˘····/˘˘/
At the feast, like a harp, he delighted his guests.12·······˘/˘··
Some one started the mention of Hatim Tai's fame,12··/˘·/˘·····
And another continued his praise to proclaim.12·˘/˘˘/˘···˘/
In the monarch, vile Envy a wicked thought hatched,12··/··/˘·/˘··
And a person to shed Hatim's blood he despatched.12··/˘········
For he said, "While this Hatim exists, in my days,12·······˘/···
My name will not travel, united with praise."11····/˘˘/˘··
On the road to the Tai tribe the hireling set out,12········/˘··
And to kill the kind Hatim, went searching about ;12········/˘··
Before him a young man approached on the road,12······˘/˘···
From whose visage, the odour of heartiness flowed.12··/˘·/˘·/˘˘·
He was handsome and wise; a sweet tongue he possessed ;12··/˘······˘/
He took the man home for the night, as his guest.11···········
He was kind, sympathized and apologies made,12···/˘··˘/˘˘·
And by goodness, the fiend in the wretch's heart laid!11··/˘·······
He kissed in the morning his hands and his feet;12··˘··/˘·····
Saying, " Tarry some days with me here, I entreat !"12/˘/˘······˘/
He answered, "I cannot now halt in this spot,12·/˘˘·/˘·····
For before me, a work of importance I've got!"12·······˘/˘··
"If you mention the business to me," he then said ;12··/˘·/˘·····
"Like friends of one heart, with my life I will aid."11···········
"Oh liberal man ! to my statement give ear !11·/˘˘···/˘··
For I know that the gen'rous can secrets revere.12········/˘˘/
Perhaps, in this district you know Hatim Tai,11˘/··/˘·····
Of fortunate name and of qualities high?11·/˘˘···/˘˘·
The monarch of Yemen has asked for his head ;12·/··/˘··˘···
I know not what hate has between them been bred.11···········
To where he resides, will you kindly direct?11···˘/··/˘˘/
This much from your favour, oh friend! I expect."11····/˘···˘/
The youth, smiling, said, "I am Hatim! and lo!11··/˘·······
Here's my head—cut it off with your sword, at a blow !12············
It is wrong that when morning dissolves into day,12·····/˘˘/···
You should suffer a wrong, or go hopeless away."12··/˘····/˘˘/
When Hatim so gen'rously offered to die,12·······/˘˘··
There arose from the soul of the youth a loud cry.12·˘/·········
He fell to the earth ; jumped again on the ground ;12······˘˘/···
Kissed his feet and his hands and the dust all around.12············
He threw down his sword ; cast his quiver away,11·······/˘˘/
And with hands, slave-like, folded, proceeded to say,—12·····/˘˘/˘··
"Did I dare but to strike 'gainst your body a rose,12········/˘··
I'd be woman, not man, as our noble faith shows."12··/˘···//˘··
He kissed Hatim's eyes; gave a parting embrace,12··˘·····/˘˘/
And went towards Yemen, away from that place.11····/˘˘/···
By the face of the man, the king instantly knew12········/˘˘·
That he had not performed what he said he would do.12····˘/······
He said, " Come along, now! what news do you bring?11···˘/······
You did not his head with your saddle-strap sling?11·······/˘··
Perhaps the renowned one attacked you, instead?12˘/·˘/˘·˘/·˘/
And, from weakness, you failed in the combat, and fled?"12··/˘····/˘··
The clever, magnanimous man kissed the ground ;12·/˘˘/˘˘··˘··
Praised the monarch and rendered obeisance profound12··/··/˘˘/˘˘/
"Oh king ! full of justice and reason, I pray !11····/˘·/˘··
Give ear unto what about Hatim I say !11···········
In him I discovered a generous youth ;12···˘/˘˘·/˘˘·
Accomplished, kind-visaged and handsome, forsooth!12˘/˘˘·/˘·/˘˘/
I saw he was lib'ral, and wise notions held ;11····/˘··/˘·
And found that in courage myself he excelled.12····/˘·/·˘/˘
The load of his favour, my back crooked made !12····/˘··/˘˘·
He killed me with kindness and Favour's keen blade."12··˘··/˘·/˘··
He told what he saw of his generous ways.11·······/˘˘·
On the household of Hatim, the king showered praise.12··/······/˘·
He gave silver and gold to the messenger chaste;12··/˘····/˘˘·
Saying, " Bounty's a seal upon Hatim's name placed."12/˘/˘········
If people bear witness, this much he can claim,11·/˘·/˘·····
That his acts and the rumour thereof, are the same.12······˘·····

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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