Chapter II: Story of the Dervish and the Fox

Saadi (1210–1291), translated by G. S. Davie · 1882

anapaestic tetrameter · rhyming couplets · 40 lines · from The Garden of Fragrance

A man saw a fox that had paralyzed feet;At God's work he was lost in amazement complete—Saying, "Since he was able to live in a way,With members so useless when ate he each day?"The Dervish was puzzling his brains very much,When a lion appeared with a jackal in's clutch ;He fed on the jackal, of fortune bereft,And the fox ate his fill from the portion he left.It happened next morn, in a similar way,That Providence gave him his food for the day.Truth enabled the eyes of the man, then, to see ;He went, and his hope on the Maker placed he."Like an ant, in a corner I'll sit, from this hour,For elephants get not subsistence by pow'r."With his chin on his breast, for a little, he stood,That the Giver might from the unseen send him food.Neither stranger nor friend to relieve him took pains ;There remained of him, harp-like, but skin, bone and veins.When of patience and sense, due to weakness, deprived,A voice at his ear from the Mosque niche arrived :—"Go, copy the fierce, tearing tiger, oh cheat!And ape not the fox with the paralyzed feet !So strive that you have, like the lion, to spare ;Like the fox, why be pleased with 'remains' for your fare ? "Should a man, like a tiger, a fat neck possess,And fall like a fox, than a dog, he is less.Make use of your hands! with your peers eat and drink !And from eating the leavings of other men, shrink !By your own arm, while fit, let your food be supplied!For your efforts will by your own balance be tried.Like a man, bear your trouble, and happiness give !On the labour of others let Paederasts live !Go thou and assist ! oh advice-taking man!Do not cast thyself down! saying, " Help! if you can."That servant from God will forgiveness obtain,Through the presence of whom people happy remain.Kind acts are performed by that head, that has mind;The mean, like a skin, without brains, you will find.The good of both worlds the kind person enjoysWho in bettering people, his moments employs.

Words in this poem

amazement n.
The condition of being amazed; bewilderment ; overwhelming wonder, as from surprise, sudden fear, horror, or admiration.
dervish n.
A Turkish or Persian monk, especially one who professes extreme poverty and leads an austere life. [Per. derw, fr. OPer. derew to beg, ask alms: cf. F. derviche.]
morn n.
The first part of the day; the morning; -- used chiefly in poetry. [OE. morwen, morgen, AS. morgen; akin to D. morgen, OS. morgan, G. morgen, Icel. morginn, morgunn, Sw. morgon, Dan. morgen, Goth. maúrgins. Cf. Morrow, Morning.]
went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
giver n.
One who gives; a donor; a bestower; a grantor; one who imparts or distributes.
unseen a.
Not seen or discovered.
relieve v. t.
To lift up; to raise again, as one who has fallen; to cause to rise. Piers Plowman. [OE. releven, F. relever to raise again, discharge, relieve, fr. L. relevare to lift up, raise, make light, relieve; pref. re- re- + levare to raise, fr. levis l]
leavings n.
Things left; remnants; relics.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Chapter II: Story of the Dervish and the Fox is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Garden of Fragrance: being a complete translation of the Bostan of Sadi from the original Persian into English verse, by G. S. Davie (London: Kegan Paul, Trench and Co., 1882), Internet Archive, the G. S. Davie translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Saadi, Chapter II: Story of the Dervish and the Fox, in The Garden of Fragrance (1882), text of Internet Archive, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/saadi-bostan/2-19.html, id L29576.

Form and metre

Chapter II: Story of the Dervish and the Fox is 40 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets. The metre is anapaestic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 93%).

See other poems in rhyming couplets, other poems in anapaestic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNNOOPPQQRRSSTT feetA · completeA · wayB · dayB · muchC · clutchC · bereftD · leftD · wayE · dayE · seeF · heF · hourG · pow'rG · stoodH · foodH · painsI · veinsI · deprivedJ · arrivedJ · cheatK · feetK · spareL · fareL · possessM · lessM · drinkN · shrinkN · suppliedO · triedO · giveP · liveP · manQ · canQ · obtainR · remainR · mindS · findS · enjoysT · employsT
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against anapaestic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
A man saw a fox that had paralyzed feet;12·······/˘·˘·
At God's work he was lost in amazement complete—12·······˘/˘˘/
Saying, "Since he was able to live in a way,12/˘···/˘·····
With members so useless when ate he each day?"11·/˘·/˘·····
The Dervish was puzzling his brains very much,12·/˘·/˘˘··/˘·
When a lion appeared with a jackal in's clutch ;12··/˘˘/··/˘··
He fed on the jackal, of fortune bereft,11····/˘·/˘˘/
And the fox ate his fill from the portion he left.12········/˘··
It happened next morn, in a similar way,12·/˘˘····/˘˘·
That Providence gave him his food for the day.11·/˘˘·······
Truth enabled the eyes of the man, then, to see ;12·˘/˘········
He went, and his hope on the Maker placed he.12·······/˘·˘·
"Like an ant, in a corner I'll sit, from this hour,13·····/˘····/˘
For elephants get not subsistence by pow'r."11·/˘˘··˘/˘··
With his chin on his breast, for a little, he stood,12········/˘··
That the Giver might from the unseen send him food.12··/˘···˘/···
Neither stranger nor friend to relieve him took pains ;12/˘/˘···˘/···
There remained of him, harp-like, but skin, bone and veins.12·˘/·········
When of patience and sense, due to weakness, deprived,12··/˘····/˘˘/
A voice at his ear from the Mosque niche arrived :—12·········˘/˘
"Go, copy the fierce, tearing tiger, oh cheat!11·/˘··/˘/˘··
And ape not the fox with the paralyzed feet !12·······/˘·˘·
So strive that you have, like the lion, to spare ;11·······/˘··
Like the fox, why be pleased with 'remains' for your fare ? "12·······˘/···
Should a man, like a tiger, a fat neck possess,12·····/˘···˘/
And fall like a fox, than a dog, he is less.11···········
Make use of your hands! with your peers eat and drink !11···········
And from eating the leavings of other men, shrink !12··/˘·/˘·/˘··
By your own arm, while fit, let your food be supplied!12··········˘/
For your efforts will by your own balance be tried.12··/˘····/˘··
Like a man, bear your trouble, and happiness give !12·····/˘·/˘˘·
On the labour of others let Paederasts live !12··/··/˘·····
Go thou and assist ! oh advice-taking man!11···˘/·˘//˘·
Do not cast thyself down! saying, " Help! if you can."12···˘/·/˘····
That servant from God will forgiveness obtain,11·/˘···˘/˘˘/
Through the presence of whom people happy remain.12··/˘··/˘/˘˘/
Kind acts are performed by that head, that has mind;12···˘/˘······
The mean, like a skin, without brains, you will find.11···········
The good of both worlds the kind person enjoys11·······/˘˘/
Who in bettering people, his moments employs.12··/˘˘/˘·/˘˘/

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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