Chapter I: Story: Satan Appears to a Man in a Dream

Saadi (1210–1291), translated by G. S. Davie · 1882

anapaestic tetrameter · rhyming couplets · 102 lines · from The Garden of Fragrance

Some one saw in a dream the malevolent one ;In stature a cypress; in visage a sun.He viewed him. "Oh peer of the moon," he then cried,"With no news of your beauty are people supplied.They fancy you having a face that appals,And depict you as ugly, on bath-chamber walls."The Devil said, smiling, " My form is not so ;But the pencil is held in the hand of my foe.Their root out of Paradise fearless I threw ;In revenge, they now paint me most hideous to view.""Though I, in like manner, possess a good name,My foe out of malice refuses my claim.Since my dignity caused the vizier's overthrow,A league from his frauds it behoves me to go.But the wrath of the king does not terrify me;For bold is the speech that from baseness is free.Since my letters all issue correct from the pen,Why should I be grieved about fault-finding men?If an agent has honestly followed his trade,When checked by inspectors he is not afraid.When the chief of police goes his rounds, he is sadWhose weighing arrangements are found to be bad."At his speaking the king's equanimity fled;Snapping Sov'reignty's fingers in anger, he said :—"The culprit with cant and glib words that allure,From his guiltiness cannot expect to be pure.The same that I heard from your foe with surprise,At last, I have seen you perform with my eyes.For at Court in the circle of people around,Your gaze on these slaves, and none other, is found."The man of rare eloquence smiled and thus spoke :—"This is true : and the truth it is needless to cloak.There's a meaning in this, if attention you pay;Obeyed be your orders and strong be your sway !Don't you see that the pauper in indigent plight,With regret on the opulent fixes his sight?My vigour of youth has departed at last ;In sporting and playing my life has been passed.As I gaze on these two, no endurance have I;For the sources of beauty and grace in them lie.A similar rose-coloured face I did own ;Like the purest of crystal my body, once, shone.But now, it behoves me my shroud thread to spin ;For like cotton's my hair, and I'm spindle-like thin.Such night-tinted curls I at one time possessed,And my elegant coat fitted tight to my breast.Two strings of fine pearls in my mouth held a place;Like a wall made of bricks with a silvery base.And look at me now! While to speak I make bold,These have fall'n one by one, like a bridge become old.Why should I not look with regret on these two,Since the life I have wrecked they recall to my view?Those days that were dear have away from me flown,And the end of this day, too, has suddenly shown."When this pearl, full of meaning, the sage had pierced through—"Than this," said the king, "none can utter more true."The king on his Pillars of State fixed his eyes,Saying—" Ask not for language and meaning more wise !It is meet that a man on a charmer should gaze,Who knows of such proofs to account for his ways.By Wisdom, I swear ! if I had not been slow,I'd have punished him now, on the word of his foe."He who hurriedly seizes the sword in a pet,Bites the back of his hand with the teeth of regret.To the talk of the int'rested, do not give ear!If you take their advice, your repentance is near.The position and wealth of the man of good nameHe increased, and the slanderer suffered more shame.By attending to what his wise counsellor said,With goodness his name through his kingdom soon spread.Many years he with kindness and equity reigned;He died and his good reputation remained.Such monarchs who foster the Faith in their sway,By the arm of the Faith, Fortune's ball bear away.Of these in this age not a person I see;If one lives—only Bu-Bakar-Sad he can be :A prince, who is happy in nature and wise.May the branch of his hope ever fruitful arise!Oh king, you're the tree which doth Paradise grace !Whose shadow falls over a marvellous space !In my fortunate star, the desire I have fed,That the wing of the Simurgh might soar o'er my head.Said Wisdom—"The Simurgh none wealthy has made:If you wish to be prosp'rous, come under this shade!"Oh God, a most merciful look Thou hast shown,Since over the people this shade Thou hast thrown.For this state of prosperity, slave-like, I pray :—"Oh God ! never take this good shadow away !"It is just ere you kill to confine for a space ;For the head that is severed you cannot replace.The Lord of all wisdom and pomp and command,From the clamour of man shows not weakness of hand.To the arrogant head, of forbearance bereft,It is wrong that the crown of a king should be left.When you're warlike, I do not say, hold by your ownBut, when you are angry, let wisdom be shown !Whoever has wisdom can patience display—Not the wisdom that anger can hold in its sway.When the army drove Anger from ambush to light,Faith, Justice and Piety vanished from sight.Such a demon as this, I've not seen 'neath the sky,From whom such an army of angels should fly.

Words in this poem 25
visage n.
The face, countenance, or look of a person or an animal; -- chiefly applied to the human face. [F. visage, from L. visus a seeing, a look, fr. videre, visum, to see. See Vision.]
terrify v. t.
To make terrible. [L. terrere to frighten + -fy: cf. F. terrifier, L. terrificare. See Terrific, and -fy.]
honestly adv.
Honorably; becomingly; decently.
equanimity n.
Evenness of mind; that calm temper or firmness of mind which is not easily elated or depressed; patience; calmness; composure; as, to bear misfortunes with equanimity. [L. aequanimitas, fr. aequanimus: cf. F. équanimité. See Equanimous.]
snapping
a. & n. from Snap, v. Snapping beetle. (Zoöl.) See Snap beetle, under Snap.
culprit n.
One accused of, or ar An author is in the condition of a culprit; the public are his judges. Prior. [Prob. corrupted for culpate, fr. Law Latin culpatus the accused, p. p. of L. culpare to blame. See Culpable.]
glib a.
Smooth; slippery; as, ice is glib. [Prob. fr. D. glibberen, glippen, to slide, glibberig, glipperig, glib, slippery.]
guiltiness n.
The quality or state of being guilty.
expect v. t.
To wait for; to await. [L. expectatum, to look out for, await, expect; ex + out spectare to look at. See Spectacle.]
spoke n.
The radius or ray of a wheel; one of the small bars which are inserted in the hub, or nave, and which serve to support the rim or felly. [OE. spoke, spake, AS, spaca; akin to D. speek, LG. speke, OHG. speihha, G. speiche. sq. root170. Cf. Spike a nail.]
needless a.
Having no need.
pauper n.
A poor person; especially, one development on private or public charity. Also used adjectively; as, pouper immigrants, pouper labor. [L. See Poor.]
indigent a.
Wanting; void; free; destitute; -- used with of. [L. indigent, L. indigens, p. p. of indigere to stand in need of, fr. OL. indu (fr. in- in) + L. egere to be needy, to need.]
plight v. t.
To weave; to braid; to fold; to plait. [OE. pliten; probably through Old French, fr. LL. plectare, L. plectere. See Plait, Ply.]
vigour v. t.
To invigorate. Feltham.
coloured a.
Having color; tinged; dyed; painted; stained.
flown a.
Flushed, inflated.
charmer n.
One who charms, or has power to charm; one who uses the power of enchantment; a magician. Deut. xviii. 11.
wealth n.
Weal; welfare; prosperity; good. [OE. welthe, from wele; cf. D. weelde luxury. See Weal prosperity.]
slanderer n.
One who slanders; a defamer; a calumniator. Jer. Taylor.
hast
, 2d pers. sing. pres. of. Fave, contr. of havest.
clamour n.
A great outcry or vociferation; loud and continued shouting or exclamation. [OF. clamour, clamur, F. clameur, fr. L. clamor, fr. clamare to cry out. See Claim.]
angry a.
Troublesome; vexatious; rigorous. [See Anger.]
whoever pron.
Whatever person; any person who; be or she who; any one who; as, he shall be punished, whoever he may be.
drove n.
A collection of cattle driven, or cattle collected for driving; a number of animals, as oxen, sheep, or swine, driven in a body. [AS. draf, fr. drifan to drive. See Drive.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Chapter I: Story: Satan Appears to a Man in a Dream is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Garden of Fragrance: being a complete translation of the Bostan of Sadi from the original Persian into English verse, by G. S. Davie (London: Kegan Paul, Trench and Co., 1882), Internet Archive, the G. S. Davie translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Saadi, Chapter I: Story: Satan Appears to a Man in a Dream, in The Garden of Fragrance (1882), text of Internet Archive, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/saadi-bostan/1-8.html, id L29513.

Form and metre

Chapter I: Story: Satan Appears to a Man in a Dream is 102 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets. The metre is anapaestic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 95%).

See other poems in rhyming couplets, other poems in anapaestic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNNOOPPQQRRSSTTUUVVWWXXYYZZaaZZbbccddeeffgghhiijjkkllmmnnooppqqrrssttuuvvwwxx oneA · sunA · criedB · suppliedB · appalsC · wallsC · soD · foeD · threwE · viewE · nameF · claimF · overthrowG · goG · meH · freeH · penI · menI · tradeJ · afraidJ · sadK · badK · fledL · saidL · allureM · pureM · surpriseN · eyesN · aroundO · foundO · spokeP · cloakP · payQ · swayQ · plightR · sightR · lastS · passedS · iT · lieT · ownU · shoneU · spinV · thinV · possessedW · breastW · placeX · baseX · boldY · oldY · twoZ · viewZ · flowna · showna · throughZ · trueZ · eyesb · wiseb · gazec · waysc · slowd · foed · pete · regrete · earf · nearf · nameg · shameg · saidh · spreadh · reignedi · remainedi · swayj · awayj · seek · bek · wisel · arisel · gracem · spacem · fedn · headn · madeo · shadeo · shownp · thrownp · prayq · awayq · spacer · replacer · commands · hands · bereftt · leftt · ownu · shownu · displayv · swayv · lightw · sightw · skyx · flyx
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against anapaestic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Some one saw in a dream the malevolent one ;12·······˘/˘˘·
In stature a cypress; in visage a sun.11·/˘·/˘·/˘··
He viewed him. "Oh peer of the moon," he then cried,12··˘·········
"With no news of your beauty are people supplied.12·····/˘·/˘˘/
They fancy you having a face that appals,11·/˘·/˘·····
And depict you as ugly, on bath-chamber walls."12·˘/··/˘··/˘·
The Devil said, smiling, " My form is not so ;11·/˘·/˘·····
But the pencil is held in the hand of my foe.12··/˘········
Their root out of Paradise fearless I threw ;11····/˘·/˘··
In revenge, they now paint me most hideous to view."12·˘/·····/˘··
"Though I, in like manner, possess a good name,11····/˘˘/···
My foe out of malice refuses my claim.11····/˘˘/˘··
Since my dignity caused the vizier's overthrow,12··/˘˘····/˘·
A league from his frauds it behoves me to go.11···········
But the wrath of the king does not terrify me;12········/˘··
For bold is the speech that from baseness is free.11·······/˘··
Since my letters all issue correct from the pen,12··/˘·/˘˘/···
Why should I be grieved about fault-finding men?12·····˘···/˘·
If an agent has honestly followed his trade,12··/˘·/˘˘/˘··
When checked by inspectors he is not afraid.12··˘·˘/˘···˘/
When the chief of police goes his rounds, he is sad12····˘/······
Whose weighing arrangements are found to be bad."11·/˘˘/˘·····
At his speaking the king's equanimity fled;12··/˘···˘/˘˘·
Snapping Sov'reignty's fingers in anger, he said :—12/˘···/˘·/˘··
"The culprit with cant and glib words that allure,11·/˘······˘/
From his guiltiness cannot expect to be pure.12··/˘˘˘/˘/···
The same that I heard from your foe with surprise,11·········˘/
At last, I have seen you perform with my eyes.11······˘/···
For at Court in the circle of people around,12·····/˘·/˘··
Your gaze on these slaves, and none other, is found."11·······/˘··
The man of rare eloquence smiled and thus spoke :—12····/˘˘·˘···
"This is true : and the truth it is needless to cloak.12········/˘··
There's a meaning in this, if attention you pay;12··/˘···˘/˘··
Obeyed be your orders and strong be your sway !12˘/˘··/˘·····
Don't you see that the pauper in indigent plight,12·····/˘·/˘˘·
With regret on the opulent fixes his sight?12·˘/··/˘˘/˘··
My vigour of youth has departed at last ;11·/˘···˘/˘··
In sporting and playing my life has been passed.12·/˘·/˘·····˘
As I gaze on these two, no endurance have I;12·······/˘˘··
For the sources of beauty and grace in them lie.12··/˘·/˘·····
A similar rose-coloured face I did own ;12·/˘˘·/˘˘····
Like the purest of crystal my body, once, shone.12··/˘·/˘·/˘··
But now, it behoves me my shroud thread to spin ;11···········
For like cotton's my hair, and I'm spindle-like thin.12··/˘····/˘··
Such night-tinted curls I at one time possessed,12··/˘·····˘/˘
And my elegant coat fitted tight to my breast.12··/˘˘·/˘····
Two strings of fine pearls in my mouth held a place;11···········
Like a wall made of bricks with a silvery base.12········/˘˘·
And look at me now! While to speak I make bold,11···········
These have fall'n one by one, like a bridge become old.12·········˘/·
Why should I not look with regret on these two,11······˘/···
Since the life I have wrecked they recall to my view?12·······/····
Those days that were dear have away from me flown,11······˘/···
And the end of this day, too, has suddenly shown."12········/˘˘·
When this pearl, full of meaning, the sage had pierced through—12·····/˘·····
"Than this," said the king, "none can utter more true."11·······/˘··
The king on his Pillars of State fixed his eyes,12····/˘···˘··
Saying—" Ask not for language and meaning more wise !12/˘···/˘·/˘··
It is meet that a man on a charmer should gaze,12········/˘··
Who knows of such proofs to account for his ways.11······˘/···
By Wisdom, I swear ! if I had not been slow,11·/˘········
I'd have punished him now, on the word of his foe."12··/˘········
He who hurriedly seizes the sword in a pet,12··/˘˘/˘·····
Bites the back of his hand with the teeth of regret.12··········˘/
To the talk of the int'rested, do not give ear!12············
If you take their advice, your repentance is near.12····˘/·˘/˘··
The position and wealth of the man of good name12·˘/˘········
He increased, and the slanderer suffered more shame.12·˘/··/˘˘/˘··
By attending to what his wise counsellor said,12·˘/˘····/˘˘·
With goodness his name through his kingdom soon spread.11·/˘····/˘··
Many years he with kindness and equity reigned;12/˘···/˘·/˘˘·
He died and his good reputation remained.12······˘/˘˘/˘
Such monarchs who foster the Faith in their sway,11·/··/˘·····
By the arm of the Faith, Fortune's ball bear away.12······/˘··˘/
Of these in this age not a person I see;11·······/˘··
If one lives—only Bu-Bakar-Sad he can be :12···/˘·······
A prince, who is happy in nature and wise.11····/˘·/˘··
May the branch of his hope ever fruitful arise!12······/˘/˘˘/
Oh king, you're the tree which doth Paradise grace !11·······/˘··
Whose shadow falls over a marvellous space !11·/·········
In my fortunate star, the desire I have fed,12··/˘˘··˘/···
That the wing of the Simurgh might soar o'er my head.12············
Said Wisdom—"The Simurgh none wealthy has made:11·/˘····/˘··
If you wish to be prosp'rous, come under this shade!"12············
Oh God, a most merciful look Thou hast shown,11····/˘˘····
Since over the people this shade Thou hast thrown.11····/˘·····
For this state of prosperity, slave-like, I pray :—12····˘/˘˘····
"Oh God ! never take this good shadow away !"11··/˘···/·˘/
It is just ere you kill to confine for a space ;12·······˘/···
For the head that is severed you cannot replace.12·····/˘·˘/·/
The Lord of all wisdom and pomp and command,11····/˘···˘/
From the clamour of man shows not weakness of hand.12··/˘····/˘··
To the arrogant head, of forbearance bereft,12··/˘˘··˘/˘˘/
It is wrong that the crown of a king should be left.12············
When you're warlike, I do not say, hold by your own12··/·········
But, when you are angry, let wisdom be shown !11····/˘·/˘··
Whoever has wisdom can patience display—11˘/˘·/˘·/˘˘/
Not the wisdom that anger can hold in its sway.12··/˘·/˘·····
When the army drove Anger from ambush to light,12··/˘·/˘·/···
Faith, Justice and Piety vanished from sight.12·/˘·/˘˘/˘˘··
Such a demon as this, I've not seen 'neath the sky,12··/˘········
From whom such an army of angels should fly.11····/˘·/˘··

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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