Chapter I: Story of Mamun and his Slave
When the turn of Mamun to be Caliph arrived,To purchase a beautiful maid he contrived—In body a rosebush, in visage a sun,With the wisdom of sages, a frolicsome one.On the blood of beloved ones, her fingers impinged;Her nails with the juice of the jujube were tinged.There appeared on her saint-luring eyebrows a dye,Like a rainbow arched over the sun in the sky.In the night-time, that idol, celestial in race,Would not yield herself up to Mamun's fond embrace.Within him, the burning of rage mighty grew ;Her head, like the twins, he would fain cut in two.She exclaimed, "Lo! my head, with the sword strike it free !But indulge not in sleeping and rising with me !"He asked her, " By whom has your mind been distressed ?What habit have I, that you seem to detest ?"She replied, "If you kill me or split up my head,From the smell of your mouth I am sick and in dread ;The arrow of war, and oppression's sword hitIn a moment, a foul breath destroys bit by bit."The fortunate chief heard this honest address :He was greatly afflicted and writhed, in distress.Though his heart, for the time, at her speaking was pained,He took drugs and a breath sweet as rose-blossoms gained.He made comrade and friend of the fairy-faced maid ;"For my faults she has told and a friend's part has played."To me, it appears that the man is your friend,Who points out the thorns on the way you must wend.You succeed very well by declaring what's wrong;Oppression is perfect and tyranny strong !Whenever they tell not your faults to your face,You in ignorance reckon your fault as a grace!Do not say that sweet honey's a drug, that will suitAny person, requiring some scammony root.How well spoke the man, who had medicines to sell—"You must drink bitter draughts if you wish to get well,Well strained through the sieve of the knowledge divine,With the honey of Piety blended up fine."
Words in this poem
- visage n.
- The face, countenance, or look of a person or an animal; -- chiefly applied to the human face. [F. visage, from L. visus a seeing, a look, fr. videre, visum, to see. See Vision.]
- idol n.
- An image or representation of anything. [OE. idole, F. idole, L. idolum, fr. Gr. Wit, and cf. Eidolon.]
- fain v. t.
- To be glad ; to wish or desire.
- detest v. t.
- To witness against; to denounce; to condemn. [L. detestare, detestatum, and detestari, to curse while calling a deity to witness, to execrate, detest; de + testari to be a witness, testify, testis a witness]
- wend n.
- A large extent of ground; a perambulation; a circuit.
- scammony n.
- A species of bindweed or Convolvulus (C. Scammonia).
- spoke n.
- The radius or ray of a wheel; one of the small bars which are inserted in the hub, or nave, and which serve to support the rim or felly. [OE. spoke, spake, AS, spaca; akin to D. speek, LG. speke, OHG. speihha, G. speiche. sq. root170. Cf. Spike a nail.]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
Chapter I: Story of Mamun and his Slave is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Garden of Fragrance: being a complete translation of the Bostan of Sadi from the original Persian into English verse, by G. S. Davie (London: Kegan Paul, Trench and Co., 1882), Internet Archive, the G. S. Davie translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Saadi, Chapter I: Story of Mamun and his Slave, in The Garden of Fragrance (1882), text of Internet Archive, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/saadi-bostan/1-40.html, id L29545.
Form and metre
Chapter I: Story of Mamun and his Slave is 38 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets. The metre is anapaestic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 92%).
See other poems in rhyming couplets, other poems in anapaestic tetrameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNNOOPPQQRRSS arrivedA · contrivedA · sunB · oneB · impingedC · tingedC · dyeD · skyD · raceE · embraceE · grewF · twoF · freeG · meG · distressedH · detestH · headI · dreadI · hitJ · bitJ · addressK · distressK · painedL · gainedL · maidM · playedM · friendN · wendN · wrongO · strongO · faceP · graceP · suitQ · rootQ · sellR · wellR · divineS · fineS
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against anapaestic tetrameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| When the turn of Mamun to be Caliph arrived, | 12 | ········/˘˘/ |
| To purchase a beautiful maid he contrived— | 12 | ·/˘·/˘˘··˘/˘ |
| In body a rosebush, in visage a sun, | 11 | ·/˘·/··/˘·· |
| With the wisdom of sages, a frolicsome one. | 12 | ··/˘·/˘·/˘˘· |
| On the blood of beloved ones, her fingers impinged; | 12 | ····˘/··/˘˘/ |
| Her nails with the juice of the jujube were tinged. | 12 | ·······/˘··˘ |
| There appeared on her saint-luring eyebrows a dye, | 12 | ·˘/···/˘/··· |
| Like a rainbow arched over the sun in the sky. | 12 | ··/········· |
| In the night-time, that idol, celestial in race, | 12 | ·····/˘˘/˘·· |
| Would not yield herself up to Mamun's fond embrace. | 12 | ···˘/·····˘/ |
| Within him, the burning of rage mighty grew ; | 11 | ····/˘··/˘· |
| Her head, like the twins, he would fain cut in two. | 11 | ··········· |
| She exclaimed, "Lo! my head, with the sword strike it free ! | 12 | ·˘/········· |
| But indulge not in sleeping and rising with me !" | 12 | ·˘/··/˘·/˘·· |
| He asked her, " By whom has your mind been distressed ? | 12 | ··˘·······˘/ |
| What habit have I, that you seem to detest ?" | 11 | ·/˘······˘/ |
| She replied, "If you kill me or split up my head, | 12 | ·˘/········· |
| From the smell of your mouth I am sick and in dread ; | 12 | ············ |
| The arrow of war, and oppression's sword hit | 11 | ·/˘···˘/˘·· |
| In a moment, a foul breath destroys bit by bit." | 12 | ··/˘···˘/··· |
| The fortunate chief heard this honest address : | 11 | ·/˘˘···/˘/· |
| He was greatly afflicted and writhed, in distress. | 12 | ··/˘˘/˘···˘/ |
| Though his heart, for the time, at her speaking was pained, | 12 | ········/˘·· |
| He took drugs and a breath sweet as rose-blossoms gained. | 12 | ·········/˘· |
| He made comrade and friend of the fairy-faced maid ; | 12 | ··/·····/˘·· |
| "For my faults she has told and a friend's part has played." | 12 | ············ |
| To me, it appears that the man is your friend, | 11 | ···˘/······ |
| Who points out the thorns on the way you must wend. | 11 | ··········· |
| You succeed very well by declaring what's wrong; | 12 | ·˘//˘··˘/˘·· |
| Oppression is perfect and tyranny strong ! | 11 | ˘/˘·˘/·/˘˘· |
| Whenever they tell not your faults to your face, | 11 | ˘/˘········ |
| You in ignorance reckon your fault as a grace! | 12 | ··/˘˘/˘····· |
| Do not say that sweet honey's a drug, that will suit | 12 | ·····/˘····· |
| Any person, requiring some scammony root. | 12 | /˘/˘˘/˘·/˘˘· |
| How well spoke the man, who had medicines to sell— | 12 | ·······/˘˘·· |
| "You must drink bitter draughts if you wish to get well, | 12 | ···/˘······· |
| Well strained through the sieve of the knowledge divine, | 12 | ··˘·····/˘˘/ |
| With the honey of Piety blended up fine." | 12 | ··/˘·/˘˘/˘·· |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.