Under the Rose

Christina Rossetti (1830–1894) · 1862

iambic trimeter · 545 lines · from Goblin Market and Other Poems

Oh the rose of keenest thorn!One hidden summer mornUnder the rose I was born.

I do not guess his nameWho wrought my Mother's shame,And gave me life forlorn,But my Mother, Mother, Mother,I know her from all other.My Mother pale and mild,Fair as ever was seen,She was but scarce sixteen,Little more than a child,When I was bornTo work her scorn.With secret bitter throes,In a passion of secret woes,She bore me under the rose.

One who my Mother nursedTook me from the first:--'O nurse, let me look uponThis babe that costs so dear;To-morrow she will be gone:Other mothers may keepTheir babes awake and asleep,But I must not keep her here.'--Whether I know or guess,I know this not the less.

So I was sent awayThat none might spy the truth:And my childhood waxed to youthAnd I left off childish play.I never cared to playWith the village boys and girls;And I think they thought me proud,I found so little to sayAnd kept so from the crowd:But I had the longest curlsAnd I had the largest eyesAnd my teeth were small like pearls;The girls might flout and scout me,But the boys would hang about meIn sheepish mooning wise.

Our one-street village stoodA long mile from the town,A mile of windy downAnd bleak one-sided wood,With not a single house.Our town itself was small,With just the common shops,And throve in its small way.Our neighbouring gentry rearedThe good old-fashioned crops,And made old-fashioned boastsOf what John Bull would doIf Frenchman Frog appeared,And drank old-fashioned toasts,And made old-fashioned bowsTo my Lady at the Hall.

My Lady at the HallIs grander than they all:Hers is the oldest nameIn all the neighbourhood;But the race must die with herThough she's a lofty dame,For she's unmarried still.Poor people say she's goodAnd has an open handAs any in the land,And she's the comforterOf many sick and sad;My nurse once said to meThat everything she hadCame of my Lady's bounty:'Though she's greatest in the countyShe's humble to the poor,No beggar seeks her doorBut finds help presently.I pray both night and dayFor her, and you must pray:But she'll never feel distressIf needy folk can bless.'

I was a little maidWhen here we came to liveFrom somewhere by the sea.Men spoke a foreign tongueThere where we used to beWhen I was merry and young,Too young to feel afraid;The fisher folk would giveA kind strange word to me,There by the foreign sea:I don't know where it was,But I remember stillOur cottage on a hill,And fields of flowering grassOn that fair foreign shore.

I liked my old home best,But this was pleasant too:So here we made our nestAnd here I grew.And now and then my LadyIn riding past our doorWould nod to Nurse and speak,Or stoop and pat my cheek;And I was always readyTo hold the field-gate wideFor my Lady to go through;My Lady in her veilSo seldom put aside,My Lady grave and pale.

I often sat to wonderWho might my parents be,For I knew of something underMy simple-seeming state.Nurse never talked to meOf mother or of father,But watched me early and lateWith kind suspicious cares:Or not suspicious, ratherAnxious, as if she knewSome secret I might gatherAnd smart for unawares.Thus I grew.

But Nurse waxed old and grey,Bent and weak with years.There came a certain dayThat she lay upon her bedShaking her palsied head,With words she gasped to sayWhich had to stay unsaid.Then with a jerking handHeld out so piteouslyShe gave a ring to meOf gold wrought curiously,A ring which she had wornSince the day I was born,She once had said to me:I slipped it on my finger;Her eyes were keen to lingerOn my hand that slipped it on;Then she sighed one rattling sighAnd stared on with sightless eye:--The one who loved me was gone.

How long I stayed aloneWith the corpse I never knew,For I fainted dead as stone:When I came to life once moreI was down upon the floor,With neighbours making adoTo bring me back to life.I heard the sexton's wifeSay: 'Up, my lad, and runTo tell it at the Hall;She was my Lady's nurse,And done can't be undone.I'll watch by this poor lamb.I guess my Lady's purseIs always open to such:I'd run up on my crutchA cripple as I am,'(For cramps had vexed her much)'Rather than this dear heartLack one to take her part.'

For days day after dayOn my weary bed I layWishing the time would pass;Oh, so wishing that I wasLikely to pass away:For the one friend whom I knewWas dead, I knew no other,Neither father nor mother;And I, what should I do?

One day the sexton's wifeSaid: 'Rouse yourself, my dear:My Lady has driven downFrom the Hall into the town,And we think she's coming here.Cheer up, for life is life.'

But I would not look or speak,Would not cheer up at all.My tears were like to fall,So I turned round to the wallAnd hid my hollow cheekMaking as if I slept,As silent as a stone,And no one knew I wept.What was my Lady to me,The grand lady from the Hall?She might come, or stay away,I was sick at heart that day:The whole world seemed to beNothing, just nothing to me,For aught that I could see.

Yet I listened where I lay:A bustle came below,A clear voice said: 'I know;I will see her first alone,It may be less of a shockIf she's so weak to-day:'--A light hand turned the lock,A light step crossed the floor,One sat beside my bed:But never a word she said.

For me, my shyness grewEach moment more and more:So I said never a wordAnd neither looked nor stirred;I think she must have heardMy heart go pit-a-pat:Thus I lay, my Lady sat,More than a mortal hour--(I counted one and twoBy the house-clock while I lay):I seemed to have no powerTo think of a thing to say,Or do what I ought to do,Or rouse myself to a choice.

At last she said: 'Margaret,Won't you even look at me?'A something in her voiceForced my tears to fall at last,Forced sobs from me thick and fast;Something not of the past,Yet stirring memory;A something new, and yetNot new, too sweet to last,Which I never can forget.

I turned and stared at her:Her cheek showed hollow-pale;Her hair like mine was fair,A wonderful fall of hairThat screened her like a veil;But her height was statelier,Her eyes had depth more deep;I think they must have hadAlways a something sad,Unless they were asleep.

While I stared, my Lady tookMy hand in her spare handJewelled and soft and grand,And looked with a long long lookOf hunger in my face;As if she tried to traceFeatures she ought to know,And half hoped, half feared, to find.Whatever was in her mindShe heaved a sigh at last,And began to talk to me.

'Your nurse was my dear nurse,And her nursling's dear,' said she:'I never knew that she was worseTill her poor life was past'(Here my Lady's tears dropped fast):'I might have been with her,But she had no comforter.She might have told me muchWhich now I shall never know,Never never shall know.'She sat by me sobbing so,And seemed so woe-begone,That I laid one hand uponHers with a timid touch,Scarce thinking what I did,Not knowing what to say:That moment her face was hidIn the pillow close by mine,Her arm was flung over me,She hugged me, sobbing soAs if her heart would break,And kissed me where I lay.

After this she often cameTo bring me fruit or wine,Or sometimes hothouse flowers.And at nights I lay awakeOften and often thinkingWhat to do for her sake.Wet or dry it was the same:She would come in at all hours,Set me eating and drinkingAnd say I must grow strong;At last the day seemed longAnd home seemed scarcely homeIf she did not come.

Well, I grew strong again:In time of primroses,I went to pluck them in the lane;In time of nestling birds,I heard them chirping round the house;And all the herdsWere out at grass when I grew strong,And days were waxen long,And there was work for beesAmong the May-bush boughs,And I had shot up tall,And life felt after allPleasant, and not so longWhen I grew strong.

I was going to the HallTo be my Lady's maid:'Her little friend,' she said to me,'Almost her child,'She said and smiledSighing painfully;Blushing, with a second flushAs if she blushed to blush.

Friend, servant, child: just thisMy standing at the Hall;The other servants call me 'Miss,'My Lady calls me 'Margaret,'With her clear voice musical.She never chides when I forgetThis or that; she never chides.Except when people come to stay,(And that's not often) at the Hall,I sit with her all dayAnd ride out when she rides.She sings to me and makes me sing;Sometimes I read to her,Sometimes we merely sit and talk.She noticed once my ringAnd made me tell its history:That evening in our garden walkShe said she should inferThe ring had been my father's first,Then my mother's, given for meTo the nurse who nursedMy mother in her misery,That so quite certainlySome one might know me, who...Then she was silent, and I too.

I hate when people come:The women speak and stareAnd mean to be so civil.This one will stroke my hair,That one will pat my cheekAnd praise my Lady's kindness,Expecting me to speak;I like the proud ones bestWho sit as struck with blindness,As if I wasn't there.But if any gentlemanIs staying at the Hall(Though few come prying here),My Lady seems to fearSome downright dreadful evil,And makes me keep my roomAs closely as she can:So I hate when people come,It is so troublesome.In spite of all her care,Sometimes to keep aliveI sometimes do contriveTo get out in the groundsFor a whiff of wholesome air,Under the rose you know:It's charming to break bounds,Stolen waters are sweet,And what's the good of feetIf for days they mustn't go?Give me a longer tether,Or I may break from it.

Now I have eyes and earsAnd just some little wit:'Almost my Lady's child;'I recollect she smiled,Sighed and blushed together;Then her story of the ringSounds not improbable,She told it me so wellIt seemed the actual thing:--Oh, keep your counsel close,But I guess under the rose,In long past summer weatherWhen the world was blossoming,And the rose upon its thorn:I guess not who he wasFlawed honour like a glass,And made my life forlorn,But my Mother, Mother, Mother,Oh, I know her from all other.

My Lady, you might trustYour daughter with your fame.Trust me, I would not shameOur honourable name,For I have noble bloodThough I was bred in dustAnd brought up in the mud.I will not press my claim,Just leave me where you will:But you might trust your daughter,For blood is thicker than waterAnd you're my mother still.

So my Lady holds her ownWith condescending grace,and fills her lofty placeWith an untroubled faceAs a queen may fill a throne.While I could hint a tale--(But then I am her child)--Would make her quail;Would set her in the dust,Lorn with no comforter,Her glorious hair defiledAnd ashes on her cheek:The decent world would thrustIts finger out at her,Not much displeased I thinkTo make a nine days' stir;The decent world would sinkIts voice to speak of her.

Now this is what I meanTo do, no more, no less:Never to speak, or showBare sign of what I know.Let the blot pass unseen;Yea, let her never guessI hold the tangled clueShe huddles out of view.Friend, servant, almost child,So be it and nothing moreOn this side of the grave.Mother, in Paradise,You'll see with clearer eyes;Perhaps in this world evenWhen you are like to dieAnd face to face with HeavenYou'll drop for once the lie:But you must drop the mask, not I.

My Lady promisesTwo hundred pounds with meWhenever I may wedA man she can approve:And since besides her bountyI'm fairest in the county(For so I've heard it said,Though I don't vouch for this),Her promised pounds may moveSome honest man to seeMy virtues and my beauties;Perhaps the rising grazier,Or temperance publican,May claim my wifely duties.Meanwhile I wait their leisureAnd grace-bestowing pleasure,I wait the happy man;But if I hold my headAnd pitch my expectationsJust higher than their level,They must fall back on patience:I may not mean to wed,Yet I'll be civil.

Now sometimes in a dreamMy heart goes out of meTo build and scheme,Till I sob after things that seemSo pleasant in a dream:A home such as I seeMy blessed neighbours live inWith father and with mother,All proud of one another,Named by one common nameFrom baby in the budTo full-blown workman father;It's little short of Heaven.I'd give my gentle bloodTo wash my special shameAnd drown my private grudge;I'd toil and moil much ratherThe dingiest cottage drudgeWhose mother need not blush,Than live here like a ladyAnd see my Mother flushAnd hear her voice unsteadySometimes, yet never dareAsk to share her care.

Of course the servants sneerBehind my back at me;Of course the village girls,Who envy me my curlsAnd gowns and idleness,Take comfort in a jeer;Of course the ladies guessJust so much of my historyAs points the emphatic stressWith which they laud my Lady;The gentlemen who catchA casual glimpse of meAnd turn again to see,Their valets on the watchTo speak a word with me,All know and sting me wild;Till I am almost readyTo wish that I were dead,No faces more to see,No more words to be said,My Mother safe at lastDisburdened of her child,And the past past.

'All equal before God'--Our Rector has it so,And sundry sleepers nod:It may be so; I knowAll are not equal here,And when the sleepers wakeThey make a difference.'All equal in the grave'--That shows an obvious sense:Yet something which I craveNot death itself brings near;Now should death half atoneFor all my past; or makeThe name I bear my own?

I love my dear old NurseWho loved me without gains;I love my mistress even,Friend, Mother, what you will:But I could almost curseMy Father for his pains;And sometimes at my prayerKneeling in sight of HeavenI almost curse him still:Why did he set his snareTo catch at unawareMy Mother's foolish youth;Load me with shame that's hers,And her with something worse,A lifelong lie for truth?

I think my mind is fixedOn one point and made up:To accept my lot unmixed;Never to drug the cupBut drink it by myself.I'll not be wooed for pelf;I'll not blot out my shameWith any man's good name;But nameless as I stand,My hand is my own hand,And nameless as I cameI go to the dark land.

'All equal in the grave'--I bide my time till then:'All equal before God'--To-day I feel His rod,To-morrow He may save:Amen.

Words in this poem 62
morn n.
The first part of the day; the morning; -- used chiefly in poetry. [OE. morwen, morgen, AS. morgen; akin to D. morgen, OS. morgan, G. morgen, Icel. morginn, morgunn, Sw. morgon, Dan. morgen, Goth. maúrgins. Cf. Morrow, Morning.]
forlorn a.
Deserted abandoned; lost. [OE., p.p. of forlesen to lose utterly, AS. forleósan (p.p. forloren); pref. for- + leósan (in comp.) to lose; cf. D. verliezen to lose, G. verlieren, Sw. förlor]
scarce a.
Not plentiful or abundant; in small quantity in proportion to the demand; not easily to be procured; rare; uncommon. [OE. scars, OF. escars, eschars, LL. scarpsus, for L. excerptus, p. p. of excerpere to pick out, and hence to contract, to shorten; ex (see Ex-) + carpere. See C]
babe n.
An infant; a young child of either sex; a baby. [Cf. Ir. bab, baban, W. baban, maban.]
childhood n.
The state of being a child; the time in which persons are children; the condition or time from infancy to puberty. [AS. cildhad; cild child + -had. See Child, and hood.]
sheepish a.
Of or pertaining to sheep.
neighbouring a.
Living or being near; adjacent; as, the neighboring nations or countries.
gentry n.
Birth; condition; rank by birth. [OE. genterie, gentrie, noble birth, nobility, cf. gentrise, and OF. gentelise, genterise, E. gentilesse, also OE. genteleri high-mindedness. See Gent, a., Gentl]
frenchman n.
A native or one of the people of France.
drank n.
Wild oats, or darnel grass. See Drake a plant. [Cf. 3d Drake.]
dame n.
A mistress of a family, who is a lady; a womam in authority; especially, a lady. [F. dame, LL. domna, fr. L. domina mistress, lady, fem. of dominus master, ruler, lord; akin to domare to tame, subdue. See Tame, and cf. Dam mother, Dan, Danger]
comforter n.
One who administers comfort or consolation.
bounty n.
Goodness, kindness; virtue; worth. [OE. bounte goodness, kindness, F. bonté, fr. L. bonitas, fr. bonus good, for older duonus; cf. Skr. duvas honor, respect.]
county n.
An earldom; the domain of a count or earl. [F. comt, fr. LL. comitatus. See Count.]
presently adv.
At present; at this time; now.
folk n.
In Anglo-Saxon times, the people of a group of townships or villages; a community; a tribe. [AS. folc; akin to D. volk, OS. & OHG. folk, G. volk, Icel. f, Sw. & Dan. folk, Lith. pulkas crowd, and perh. to E. follow.]
somewhere adv.
In some place unknown or not specified; in one place or another.
spoke n.
The radius or ray of a wheel; one of the small bars which are inserted in the hub, or nave, and which serve to support the rim or felly. [OE. spoke, spake, AS, spaca; akin to D. speek, LG. speke, OHG. speihha, G. speiche. sq. root170. Cf. Spike a nail.]
palsied a.
Affected with palsy; paralyzed.
curiously adv.
In a curious manner.
sightless a.
Wanting sight; without sight; blind.
stayed a.
Staid; fixed; settled; sober; -- now written staid. See Staid.
corpse n.
A human body in general, whether living or dead; -- sometimes contemptuosly. [OF. cors (sometimes written corps), F. corps, L. corpus; akin to AS. hrif womb. See Midriff, and cf. Corse, Corselet, Corps, Cuerpo.]
undone a.
Not done or performed; neglected. [Pref. un- not + done.]
crutch n.
A staff with a crosspiece at the head, to be placed under the arm or shoulder, to support the lame or infirm in walking. [OE. cruche, AS. crycc, cricc; akin to D. kruk, G. kr, Dan. krykke, Sw. krycka, and to E. crook. See Crook, and cf. Cricket a low stool.]
cripple n.
One who creeps, halts, or limps; one who has lost, or never had, the use of a limb or limbs; a lame person; hence, one who is partially disabled. [OE. cripel, crepel, crupel, AS. crypel (akin to D. kreuple, G. kr, Dan. kr, Icel. kryppill), prop., one that can not walk, but must creep, fr. AS. cre to creep.]
aught n.
Property; possession. [AS. , fr. agan to own, p. p. ahte.]
shyness n.
The quality or state of being shy.
ought p. p.
Was or were under obligation to pay; owed. [Orig. the preterit of the verb to owe. OE. oughte, aughte, ahte, AS. ahte. sq. root110. See Owe.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
sobbing n.
A series of short, convulsive inspirations, the glottis being suddenly closed so that little or no air enters into the lungs.
hothouse n.
A house kept warm to shelter tender plants and shrubs from the cold air; a place in which the plants of warmer climates may be reared, and fruits ripened.
went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
nestling n.
A young bird which has not abandoned the nest. Piers Plowman.
infer v. t.
To bring on; to induce; to occasion. Harvey. [L. inferre to bring into, bring forward, occasion, infer; pref. in- in + ferre to carry, bring: cf. F. inférer. See 1 st Bear.]
prying a.
Inspecting closely or impertinently.
downright adv.
Straight down; perpendicularly.
dreadful a.
Full of dread or terror; fearful.
whiff n.
A sudden expulsion of air from the mouth; a quick puff or slight gust, as of air or smoke. [OE. weffe vapor, whiff, probably of imitative origin; cf. Dan. vift a puff, gust, W. chwiff a whiff, puff.]
tether n.
A long rope or chain by which an animal is fastened, as to a stake, so that it can range or feed only within certain limits. [Formerly tedder, OE. tedir; akin to LG. tider, tier, Icel. tjo, Dan. töir. *64.]
recollect v. t.
To recover or recall the knowledge of; to bring back to the mind or memory; to remember. [Pref. re- + collect: cf. L. recolligere, recollectum, to collect. Cf. Recollet.]
honour n.
Esteem due or paid to worth; high estimation; respect; consideration; reverence; veneration; manifestation of respect or reverence. [OE. honor, honour, onour, onur, OF. honor, onor, honur, onur, honour, onour, F. honneur, fr. L. honor, honos.]
lorn a.
Lost; undone; ruined. [Strong p. p. of Lose. See Lose, Forlorn.]
glorious a.
Exhibiting attributes, qualities, or acts that are worthy of or receive glory; noble; praiseworthy; excellent; splendid; illustrious; inspiring admiration; as, glorious deeds. [OF. glorios, glorious, F. glorieux, fr. L. gloriosus. See Glory, n.]
unseen a.
Not seen or discovered.
clue n.
A ball of thread, yarn, or cord; also, The thread itself. [OE. clewe, clowe, clue, AS. cleowen, cliwen, clywe ball of thread; akin to D. kluwen, OHG. chliwa, chliuwa, G. dim. kleuel, knäuel, and perch. to L. gluma hull,]
clearer n.
One who, or that which, clears.
vouch v. t.
To call; to summon. [OE. vouchen, OF. vochier to call, fr. L. vocare to call, fr. vox, vocis, voice. See Voice, and cf. Avouch.]
grazier n.
One who pastures cattle, and rears them for market.
wifely a.
Becoming or life; of or pertaining to a wife. [AS. wiflic.]
meanwhile n.
The intervening time; as, in the meantime (or mean time).
moil v. t.
To daub; to make dirty; to soil; to defile. [OE. moillen to wet, OF. moillier, muillier, F. mouller, fr. (assumed) LL. molliare, fr. L. mollis soft. See Mollify.]
sundry a.
Several; divers; more than one or two; various. [OE. sundry, sondry, AS. syndrig, fr. sundor asunder. See Sunder, v. t.]
obvious a.
Opposing; fronting. [L. obvius; ob (see Ob-) + via way. See Voyage.]
crave v. t.
To ask with earnestness or importunity; to ask with submission or humility; to beg; to entreat; to beseech; to implore. [AS. crafian; akin to Icel. krefia, Sw. kr, Dan. kr.]
atone v. t.
To set at one; to reduce to concord; to reconcile, as parties at variance; to appease.
unaware a.
Not aware; not noticing; giving no heed; thoughtless; inattentive.
lifelong a.
Lasting or continuing through life. [Life + long. Cf. Livelong.]
pelf n.
Money; riches; lucre; gain; -- generally conveying the idea of something ill-gotten or worthless. It has no plural. [OE. pelfir booty, OF. pelfre, akin to pelfrer to plunder, and perh. to E. pillage. Cf. Pilfer.]
nameless a.
Without a name; not having been given a name; as, a nameless star.
bide v. i.
To dwell; to inhabit; to abide; to stay. [OE. biden, AS. bidan; akin to OHG. bitan, Goth. beidan, Icel. bi; perh. orig., to wait with trust, and akin to bid. See Bid, v. t., and cf. Abide.]
amen interj.
An expression used at the end of prayers, and meaning, So be it. At the end of a creed, it is a solemn asseveration of belief. [L. amen, Gr. am certainly, truly.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Under the Rose is in the public domain. This text is taken from Goblin Market, The Prince's Progress, and Other Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #16950; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Christina Rossetti, Under the Rose, in Goblin Market and Other Poems (1862), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #16950, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/rossetti-goblin-market/under-the-rose.html, id L04333.

Form and metre

Under the Rose is 545 lines in 36 stanzas. The metre is iambic trimeter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 90%). 95% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 6.5 syllables. 85 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 38% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic trimeter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AAA thornA · mornA · bornA
  2. 2 AABCCDEEDBBFFF nameA · shameA · forlornB · motherC · otherC · mildD · seenE · sixteenE · childD · bornB · scornB · throesF · woesF · roseF
  3. 3 AA-B-CCBDD nursedA · firstA · upon · dearB · gone · keepC · asleepC · hereB · guessD · lessD
  4. 4 ABBAACDADCECFFE awayA · truthB · youthB · playA · playA · girlsC · proudD · sayA · crowdD · curlsC · eyesE · pearlsC · meF · meF · wiseE
  5. 5 ABBA-CD-EDF-EF-C stoodA · townB · downB · woodA · house · smallC · shopsD · way · rearedE · cropsD · boastsF · do · appearedE · toastsF · bows · hallC
  6. 6 AABC-B-CDD-E-EFF---GGHH hallA · allA · nameB · neighbourhoodC · her · dameB · still · goodC · handD · landD · comforter · sadE · me · hadE · bountyF · countyF · poor · door · presently · dayG · prayG · distressH · blessH
  7. 7 ABCDCDABCC-EE-- maidA · liveB · seaC · tongueD · beC · youngD · afraidA · giveB · meC · seaC · was · stillE · hillE · grass · shore
  8. 8 ABAB--CC-DBEDE bestA · tooB · nestA · grewB · lady · door · speakC · cheekC · ready · wideD · throughB · veilE · asideD · paleE
  9. 9 ABACB-CDEFEDF wonderA · beB · underA · stateC · meB · father · lateC · caresD · ratherE · knewF · gatherE · unawaresD · grewF
  10. 10 A-ABBAB--C-DDCEEFGGF greyA · years · dayA · bedB · headB · sayA · unsaidB · hand · piteously · meC · curiously · wornD · bornD · meC · fingerE · lingerE · onF · sighG · eyeG · goneF
  11. 11 ABACCBDDE-FEGFHHGHII aloneA · knewB · stoneA · moreC · floorC · adoB · lifeD · wifeD · runE · hall · nurseF · undoneE · lambG · purseF · suchH · crutchH · amG · muchH · heartI · partI
  12. 12 AA--ABCCB dayA · layA · pass · was · awayA · knewB · otherC · motherC · doB
  13. 13 ABCCBA wifeA · dearB · downC · townC · hereB · lifeA
  14. 14 ABBBAC-CDBEEDDD speakA · allB · fallB · wallB · cheekA · sleptC · stone · weptC · meD · hallB · awayE · dayE · beD · meD · seeD
  15. 15 ABB-CAC-DD layA · belowB · knowB · alone · shockC · dayA · lockC · floor · bedD · saidD
  16. 16 A-BBBCCDAEDEA- grewA · more · wordB · stirredB · heardB · patC · satC · hourD · twoA · layE · powerD · sayE · doA · choice
  17. 17 ---AAA-BAB margaret · me · voice · lastA · fastA · pastA · memory · yetB · lastA · forgetB
  18. 18 -ABBA-CDDC her · paleA · fairB · hairB · veilA · statelier · deepC · hadD · sadD · asleepC
  19. 19 ABBACC-DD-- tookA · handB · grandB · lookA · faceC · traceC · know · findD · mindD · last · me
  20. 20 ABACC--DEEE--DFGF-BE-G nurseA · sheB · worseA · pastC · fastC · her · comforter · muchD · knowE · knowE · soE · begone · upon · touchD · didF · sayG · hidF · mine · meB · soE · break · layG
  21. 21 A-BCDCABDEEFF cameA · wine · flowersB · awakeC · thinkingD · sakeC · sameA · hoursB · drinkingD · strongE · longE · homeF · comeF
  22. 22 A-AB-BCC--DDCC againA · primroses · laneA · birdsB · house · herdsB · strongC · longC · bees · boughs · tallD · allD · longC · strongC
  23. 23 ---AA-BB hall · maid · me · childA · smiledA · painfully · flushB · blushB
  24. 24 ABACBCDEBEDFGHF-HGI-I--JJ thisA · hallB · missA · margaretC · musicalB · forgetC · chidesD · stayE · hallB · dayE · ridesD · singF · herG · talkH · ringF · history · walkH · inferG · firstI · me · nursedI · misery · certainly · whoJ · tooJ
  25. 25 -A-ABCB-CD-EDDEF-FFGHHIGJIKKJ-- come · stareA · civil · hairA · cheekB · kindnessC · speakB · best · blindnessC · thereD · gentleman · hallE · hereD · fearD · evilE · roomF · can · comeF · troublesomeF · careG · aliveH · contriveH · groundsI · airG · knowJ · boundsI · sweetK · feetK · goJ · tether · it
  26. 26 --AABCDDCEEBCF--FGG ears · wit · childA · smiledA · togetherB · ringC · improbableD · wellD · thingC · closeE · roseE · weatherB · blossomingC · thornF · was · glass · forlornF · motherG · otherG
  27. 27 ABBBCACBDEED trustA · fameB · shameB · nameB · bloodC · dustA · mudC · claimB · willD · daughterE · waterE · stillD
  28. 28 ABBBACDCE-D-EFGFGF ownA · graceB · placeB · faceB · throneA · taleC · childD · quailC · dustE · comforter · defiledD · cheek · thrustE · herF · thinkG · stirF · sinkG · herF
  29. 29 ABCCABDD------E-EE meanA · lessB · showC · knowC · unseenA · guessB · clueD · viewD · child · more · grave · paradise · eyes · even · dieE · heaven · lieE · iE
  30. 30 -ABCDDB-CAE--EFF-B---B- promises · meA · wedB · approveC · bountyD · countyD · saidB · this · moveC · seeA · beautiesE · grazier · publican · dutiesE · leisureF · pleasureF · man · headB · expectations · level · patience · wedB · civil
  31. 31 ABAAAB-CCDE--EDFCFG-G-HH dreamA · meB · schemeA · seemA · dreamA · seeB · in · motherC · anotherC · nameD · budE · father · heaven · bloodE · shameD · grudgeF · ratherC · drudgeF · blushG · lady · flushG · unsteady · dareH · careH
  32. 32 ABCCDAD-D--BB-BE-FBFGEG sneerA · meB · girlsC · curlsC · idlenessD · jeerA · guessD · history · stressD · lady · catch · meB · seeB · watch · meB · wildE · ready · deadF · seeB · saidF · lastG · childE · pastG
  33. 33 ABABCDEFEFCGDG godA · soB · nodA · knowB · hereC · wakeD · differenceE · graveF · senseE · craveF · nearC · atoneG · makeD · ownG
  34. 34 AB-CABD-CDDE-AE nurseA · gainsB · even · willC · curseA · painsB · prayerD · heaven · stillC · snareD · unawareD · youthE · hers · worseA · truthE
  35. 35 ABABCCDDEEDE fixedA · upB · unmixedA · cupB · myselfC · pelfC · shameD · nameD · standE · handE · cameD · landE
  36. 36 ABCCAB graveA · thenB · godC · rodC · saveA · amenB
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic trimeter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Oh the rose of keenest thorn!7····/˘·
One hidden summer morn6·/˘/˘·
Under the rose I was born.7·······
I do not guess his name6······
Who wrought my Mother's shame,6···/˘·
And gave me life forlorn,6····˘/
But my Mother, Mother, Mother,8··/˘/˘/˘
I know her from all other.7·····/˘
My Mother pale and mild,6·/˘···
Fair as ever was seen,6··/˘··
She was but scarce sixteen,6····˘/
Little more than a child,6/˘····
When I was born4····
To work her scorn.4····
With secret bitter throes,6·/˘/˘·
In a passion of secret woes,8··/˘·/˘·
She bore me under the rose.7·······
One who my Mother nursed6···/˘·
Took me from the first:--5·····
'O nurse, let me look upon7·······
This babe that costs so dear;6······
To-morrow she will be gone:7·/˘····
Other mothers may keep6/˘/˘··
Their babes awake and asleep,7··˘/·˘/
But I must not keep her here.'--7·······
Whether I know or guess,6······
I know this not the less.6······
So I was sent away6····˘/
That none might spy the truth:6······
And my childhood waxed to youth7··/····
And I left off childish play.7····/˘·
I never cared to play6·/˘···
With the village boys and girls;7··/˘···
And I think they thought me proud,7·······
I found so little to say7···/˘··
And kept so from the crowd:6······
But I had the longest curls7····/˘·
And I had the largest eyes7····/˘·
And my teeth were small like pearls;7·······
The girls might flout and scout me,7·······
But the boys would hang about me8········
In sheepish mooning wise.6·/˘/˘·
Our one-street village stood6/··/˘·
A long mile from the town,6······
A mile of windy down6···/˘·
And bleak one-sided wood,6···/˘·
With not a single house.6···/˘·
Our town itself was small,6/·˘/··
With just the common shops,6···/˘·
And throve in its small way.6······
Our neighbouring gentry reared6//˘/˘·
The good old-fashioned crops,6···/˘·
And made old-fashioned boasts6···/˘·
Of what John Bull would do6······
If Frenchman Frog appeared,6·/˘·˘/
And drank old-fashioned toasts,6···/˘·
And made old-fashioned bows6···/˘·
To my Lady at the Hall.7··/˘···
My Lady at the Hall6·/˘···
Is grander than they all:6·/˘···
Hers is the oldest name6···/˘·
In all the neighbourhood;6······
But the race must die with her7·······
Though she's a lofty dame,6···/˘·
For she's unmarried still.6··˘/˘·
Poor people say she's good6·/˘···
And has an open hand6···/˘·
As any in the land,6·/˘···
And she's the comforter6···/˘˘
Of many sick and sad;6·/˘···
My nurse once said to me6······
That everything she had6·/˘···
Came of my Lady's bounty:7···/˘/˘
'Though she's greatest in the county8··/˘··/˘
She's humble to the poor,6·/˘···
No beggar seeks her door6·/˘···
But finds help presently.6···/˘˘
I pray both night and day6······
For her, and you must pray:6······
But she'll never feel distress6··/·˘/
If needy folk can bless.'6·/˘···
I was a little maid6···/˘·
When here we came to live6······
From somewhere by the sea.6·/····
Men spoke a foreign tongue6···/˘·
There where we used to be6······
When I was merry and young,7···/˘··
Too young to feel afraid;6····˘/
The fisher folk would give6·/˘···
A kind strange word to me,6······
There by the foreign sea:6···/˘·
I don't know where it was,6······
But I remember still6··˘/˘·
Our cottage on a hill,6//˘···
And fields of flowering grass6···/˘·
On that fair foreign shore.6···/˘·
I liked my old home best,6······
But this was pleasant too:6···/˘·
So here we made our nest6····/·
And here I grew.4····
And now and then my Lady7·····/˘
In riding past our door6·/˘·/·
Would nod to Nurse and speak,6······
Or stoop and pat my cheek;6······
And I was always ready7···/·/˘
To hold the field-gate wide6······
For my Lady to go through;7··/˘···
My Lady in her veil6·/˘···
So seldom put aside,6·/˘·˘/
My Lady grave and pale.6·/˘···
I often sat to wonder7·/˘··/˘
Who might my parents be,6···/˘·
For I knew of something under8····/˘··
My simple-seeming state.6·/˘/˘·
Nurse never talked to me6·/˘···
Of mother or of father,7·/˘··/˘
But watched me early and late7···/˘··
With kind suspicious cares:6··˘/˘·
Or not suspicious, rather7··˘/˘/˘
Anxious, as if she knew6/˘····
Some secret I might gather7·/˘··/˘
And smart for unawares.6····˘/
Thus I grew.3···
But Nurse waxed old and grey,6······
Bent and weak with years.5·····
There came a certain day6···/˘·
That she lay upon her bed7·······
Shaking her palsied head,6/˘·/˘·
With words she gasped to say6······
Which had to stay unsaid.6····˘/
Then with a jerking hand6···/˘·
Held out so piteously6······
She gave a ring to me6······
Of gold wrought curiously,7···/˘˘˘
A ring which she had worn6······
Since the day I was born,6······
She once had said to me:6······
I slipped it on my finger;7·····/˘
Her eyes were keen to linger7·····/˘
On my hand that slipped it on;7·······
Then she sighed one rattling sigh7····/˘·
And stared on with sightless eye:--7····/˘·
The one who loved me was gone.7·······
How long I stayed alone6····˘/
With the corpse I never knew,6····/·
For I fainted dead as stone:7··/˘···
When I came to life once more7·······
I was down upon the floor,7·······
With neighbours making ado7·/˘/˘˘/
To bring me back to life.6······
I heard the sexton's wife6···/˘·
Say: 'Up, my lad, and run6······
To tell it at the Hall;6······
She was my Lady's nurse,6···/˘·
And done can't be undone.6····˘/
I'll watch by this poor lamb.6······
I guess my Lady's purse6···/˘·
Is always open to such:7·/·/˘··
I'd run up on my crutch6······
A cripple as I am,'6·/˘···
(For cramps had vexed her much)6······
'Rather than this dear heart6/˘····
Lack one to take her part.'6······
For days day after day6······
On my weary bed I lay7··/˘···
Wishing the time would pass;6/˘····
Oh, so wishing that I was7··/˘···
Likely to pass away:6/˘··˘/
For the one friend whom I knew7·······
Was dead, I knew no other,7·····/˘
Neither father nor mother;7/˘/˘·/˘
And I, what should I do?6······
One day the sexton's wife6···/˘·
Said: 'Rouse yourself, my dear:6··˘/··
My Lady has driven down6·/˘·/·
From the Hall into the town,7·······
And we think she's coming here.7····/˘·
Cheer up, for life is life.'6······
But I would not look or speak,7·······
Would not cheer up at all.6······
My tears were like to fall,6······
So I turned round to the wall7·······
And hid my hollow cheek6···/˘·
Making as if I slept,6/˘····
As silent as a stone,6·/˘···
And no one knew I wept.6······
What was my Lady to me,7···/˘··
The grand lady from the Hall?7··/˘···
She might come, or stay away,7·····˘/
I was sick at heart that day:7·······
The whole world seemed to be6······
Nothing, just nothing to me,7/˘·/˘··
For aught that I could see.6······
Yet I listened where I lay:7··/˘···
A bustle came below,6·/˘···
A clear voice said: 'I know;6······
I will see her first alone,7·····˘/
It may be less of a shock7·······
If she's so weak to-day:'--6······
A light hand turned the lock,6······
A light step crossed the floor,6······
One sat beside my bed:6··˘/··
But never a word she said.6·/····
For me, my shyness grew6···/˘·
Each moment more and more:6·/˘···
So I said never a word6···/··
And neither looked nor stirred;6·/˘···
I think she must have heard6······
My heart go pit-a-pat:6······
Thus I lay, my Lady sat,7····/˘·
More than a mortal hour--7···/˘/˘
(I counted one and two6·/˘···
By the house-clock while I lay):7·······
I seemed to have no power7·····/˘
To think of a thing to say,7·······
Or do what I ought to do,7·······
Or rouse myself to a choice.7···/···
At last she said: 'Margaret,7····/˘˘
Won't you even look at me?'6··/···
A something in her voice6·/˘···
Forced my tears to fall at last,7·······
Forced sobs from me thick and fast;7·······
Something not of the past,6/˘····
Yet stirring memory;6·/˘/˘˘
A something new, and yet6·/˘···
Not new, too sweet to last,6······
Which I never can forget.6··/·˘/
I turned and stared at her:6······
Her cheek showed hollow-pale;6···/˘·
Her hair like mine was fair,6······
A wonderful fall of hair6·/˘···
That screened her like a veil;6······
But her height was statelier,7·······
Her eyes had depth more deep;6······
I think they must have had6······
Always a something sad,6/··/˘·
Unless they were asleep.6····˘/
While I stared, my Lady took7····/˘·
My hand in her spare hand6······
Jewelled and soft and grand,6/˘····
And looked with a long long look7·······
Of hunger in my face;6·/˘···
As if she tried to trace6······
Features she ought to know,6/˘····
And half hoped, half feared, to find.7·······
Whatever was in her mind7·/˘····
She heaved a sigh at last,6······
And began to talk to me.7·˘/····
'Your nurse was my dear nurse,6······
And her nursling's dear,' said she:7·······
'I never knew that she was worse7·/·····
Till her poor life was past'6······
(Here my Lady's tears dropped fast):7··/˘···
'I might have been with her,6······
But she had no comforter.7····/˘˘
She might have told me much6······
Which now I shall never know,6····/·
Never never shall know.'6/˘/˘··
She sat by me sobbing so,7····/˘·
And seemed so woe-begone,6····˘/
That I laid one hand upon7·······
Hers with a timid touch,6···/˘·
Scarce thinking what I did,6·/˘···
Not knowing what to say:6·/˘···
That moment her face was hid7·/˘····
In the pillow close by mine,7··/˘···
Her arm was flung over me,6······
She hugged me, sobbing so6···/˘·
As if her heart would break,6······
And kissed me where I lay.6······
After this she often came7····/˘·
To bring me fruit or wine,6······
Or sometimes hothouse flowers.7·/·/·/˘
And at nights I lay awake7·····˘/
Often and often thinking7/˘·/˘/˘
What to do for her sake.6······
Wet or dry it was the same:7·······
She would come in at all hours,7······/
Set me eating and drinking7··/˘·/˘
And say I must grow strong;6······
At last the day seemed long6······
And home seemed scarcely home6···/˘·
If she did not come.5·····
Well, I grew strong again:6····˘/
In time of primroses,6···/·˘
I went to pluck them in the lane;8········
In time of nestling birds,6···/˘·
I heard them chirping round the house;8···/˘···
And all the herds4····
Were out at grass when I grew strong,8········
And days were waxen long,6···/˘·
And there was work for bees6······
Among the May-bush boughs,6······
And I had shot up tall,6······
And life felt after all6······
Pleasant, and not so long6/˘····
When I grew strong.4····
I was going to the Hall6··/···
To be my Lady's maid:6···/˘·
'Her little friend,' she said to me,8·/˘·····
'Almost her child,'4/···
She said and smiled5····˘
Sighing painfully;5/˘/˘˘
Blushing, with a second flush7/˘··/˘·
As if she blushed to blush.6······
Friend, servant, child: just this6·/˘···
My standing at the Hall;6·/˘···
The other servants call me 'Miss,'8·/˘/˘···
My Lady calls me 'Margaret,'7·/˘··/˘
With her clear voice musical.7····/˘˘
She never chides when I forget7·/···˘/
This or that; she never chides.6····/·
Except when people come to stay,8···/˘···
(And that's not often) at the Hall,8···/˘···
I sit with her all day6······
And ride out when she rides.6······
She sings to me and makes me sing;8········
Sometimes I read to her,6˘/····
Sometimes we merely sit and talk.8˘/·/˘···
She noticed once my ring6·/˘···
And made me tell its history:7·····/˘
That evening in our garden walk8·/˘·//˘·
She said she should infer6····˘/
The ring had been my father's first,8·····/˘·
Then my mother's, given for me7··/˘/··
To the nurse who nursed6·····˘
My mother in her misery,7·/˘··/˘
That so quite certainly6···/˘˘
Some one might know me, who...6······
Then she was silent, and I too.8···/˘···
I hate when people come:6···/˘·
The women speak and stare6·/˘···
And mean to be so civil.7·····/˘
This one will stroke my hair,6······
That one will pat my cheek6······
And praise my Lady's kindness,7···/˘/˘
Expecting me to speak;6˘/˘···
I like the proud ones best6······
Who sit as struck with blindness,7·····/˘
As if I wasn't there.6···/˘·
But if any gentleman7··/˘/˘˘
Is staying at the Hall6·/˘···
(Though few come prying here),6···/˘·
My Lady seems to fear6·/˘···
Some downright dreadful evil,7·/·/˘/˘
And makes me keep my room6······
As closely as she can:6·/˘···
So I hate when people come,7····/˘·
It is so troublesome.6···/˘˘
In spite of all her care,6······
Sometimes to keep alive6˘/··˘/
I sometimes do contrive6·/··˘/
To get out in the grounds6······
For a whiff of wholesome air,7····/˘·
Under the rose you know:6······
It's charming to break bounds,6·/˘···
Stolen waters are sweet,6/˘/˘··
And what's the good of feet6······
If for days they mustn't go?7····/˘·
Give me a longer tether,7···/˘/˘
Or I may break from it.6······
Now I have eyes and ears6······
And just some little wit:6···/˘·
'Almost my Lady's child;'6/··/˘·
I recollect she smiled,6··˘/··
Sighed and blushed together;6···˘/˘
Then her story of the ring7··/˘···
Sounds not improbable,6··˘/˘˘
She told it me so well6······
It seemed the actual thing:--6···/˘·
Oh, keep your counsel close,6···/˘·
But I guess under the rose,7·······
In long past summer weather7···/˘/˘
When the world was blossoming,7····/˘˘
And the rose upon its thorn:7·······
I guess not who he was6······
Flawed honour like a glass,6·/˘···
And made my life forlorn,6····˘/
But my Mother, Mother, Mother,8··/˘/˘/˘
Oh, I know her from all other.8······/˘
My Lady, you might trust6·/˘···
Your daughter with your fame.6·/˘···
Trust me, I would not shame6······
Our honourable name,6/·····
For I have noble blood6···/˘·
Though I was bred in dust6······
And brought up in the mud.6······
I will not press my claim,6······
Just leave me where you will:6······
But you might trust your daughter,7·····/˘
For blood is thicker than water8···/˘·/˘
And you're my mother still.6···/˘·
So my Lady holds her own7··/˘···
With condescending grace,6··˘/˘·
and fills her lofty place6···/˘·
With an untroubled face6··˘/˘·
As a queen may fill a throne.7·······
While I could hint a tale--6······
(But then I am her child)--6······
Would make her quail;4····

The first 400 of 545 lines; the reader marks them all.

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

More by Christina Rossetti