Canto I
Say who first pass’d the portals of the West,And the great Secret of the Deep possess’d;Who first the standard of his Faith unfurl’dOn the dread confines of an unknown World;Sung ere his cominga—and by Heav’n design’dTo lift the veil that cover’d half mankind!b—’Twas night. The Moon, o’er the wide wave, disclos’dHer awful face; and Nature’s self repos’d;When, slowly rising in the azure sky,Three white sails shone—but to no mortal eye.Entering a boundless sea. In slumber cast,The very ship-boy, on the dizzy mast,Half breath’d his orisons! Alone unchang’d,Calmly, beneath, the great Commander rang’d,cThoughtful not sad; and, as the planet grew,His noble form, wrapt in his mantle blue,Athwart the deck a solemn shadow threw.“Thee hath it pleas’d—Thy will be done!” he said,dThen sought his cabin; and, their capas spread,Around him lay the sleeping as the dead,When, by his lamp, to that mysterious Guide,On whose still counsels all his hopes relied,That Oracle to man in mercy giv’n,Whose voice is truth, whose wisdom is from heav’n,eWho over sands and seas directs the stray,And, as with God’s own finger, points the way,He turn’d; but what strange thoughts perplex’d his soul,When, lo, no more attracted to the Pole,The Compass, faithless as the circling vane,Flutter’d and fix’d, flutter’d and fix’d again;And still, as by some unseen Hand imprest,Explor’d, with trembling energy, the West!“Ah no!” he cried, and calm’d his anxious brow.“Ill, nor the signs of ill, ’tis thine to show.Thine but to lead me where I wish’d to go!”COLUMBUS err’d not.f In that awful hour,Sent forth to save, and girt with God-like power,And glorious as the regent of the sun,An Angel came! He spoke, and it was done!He spoke, and, at his call, a mighty Wind,gNot like the fitful blast, with fury blind,But deep, majestic, in its destin’d course,Rush’d with unerring, unrelenting force,From the bright East. Tides duly ebb’d and flow’d;Stars rose and set; and new horizons glow’d;Yet still it blew! As with primeval sway,Still did its ample spirit, night and day,Move on the waters!—All, resign’d to Fate,Folded their arms and sat; and seem’d to waithSome sudden change; and sought, in chill suspense,New spheres of being, and new modes of sense;As men departing, tho’ not doom’d to die,And midway on their passage to eternity.
Words in this poem
- oracle v. i.
- To utter oracles.
- unseen a.
- Not seen or discovered.
- imprest v. t.
- To advance on loan. Burke. [Pref. im- + prest: cf. It. imprestare. See Prest, n.]
- girt v. t.
- To gird; to encircle; to invest by means of a girdle; to measure the girth of; as, to girt a tree. [From Girt, n., cf. Girth, v.]
- glorious a.
- Exhibiting attributes, qualities, or acts that are worthy of or receive glory; noble; praiseworthy; excellent; splendid; illustrious; inspiring admiration; as, glorious deeds. [OF. glorios, glorious, F. glorieux, fr. L. gloriosus. See Glory, n.]
- spoke n.
- The radius or ray of a wheel; one of the small bars which are inserted in the hub, or nave, and which serve to support the rim or felly. [OE. spoke, spake, AS, spaca; akin to D. speek, LG. speke, OHG. speihha, G. speiche. sq. root170. Cf. Spike a nail.]
- fitful a.
- Full of fits; irregularly variable; impulsive and unstable. [From 7th Fit.]
- unerring a.
- Committing no mistake; incapable or error or failure certain; sure; unfailing; as, the unerring wisdom of God.
- unrelenting a.
- Not relenting; unyielding; rigid; hard; stern; cruel.
- midway n.
- The middle of the way or distance; a middle way or course.
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
Canto I is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #13586; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Samuel Rogers, Canto I, in Poems (1792–1834), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #13586, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/rogers-poems/canto-i.html, id L09753.
Form and metre
Canto I is 53 lines in a single stanza. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 87%). 94% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.2 syllables. 2 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 15% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
See other poems in iambic pentameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 AABB--CCDDEE--FFF-GGHH--IIJJ--KK-LLMMNN--OOPPQQ--RR-- westA · possess'dA · unfurl'dB · worldB · design'd · mankind!b · disclos'dC · repos'dC · skyD · eyeD · castE · mastE · unchang'd · rang'd,c · grewF · blueF · threwF · said,d · spreadG · deadG · guideH · reliedH · giv'n · heav'n,e · strayI · wayI · soulJ · poleJ · vane · again · imprestK · westK · brow · showL · goL · hourM · powerM · sunN · doneN · wind,g · blind · courseO · forceO · flow'dP · glow'dP · swayQ · dayQ · fate · waith · suspenseR · senseR · die · eternity
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| Say who first pass’d the portals of the West, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| And the great Secret of the Deep possess’d; | 10 | ···/˘···˘/ |
| Who first the standard of his Faith unfurl’d | 10 | ···/˘···˘/ |
| On the dread confines of an unknown World; | 10 | ···˘/··˘/· |
| Sung ere his cominga—and by Heav’n design’d | 11 | ·········˘/ |
| To lift the veil that cover’d half mankind!b— | 11 | ·····/˘·//· |
| ’Twas night. The Moon, o’er the wide wave, disclos’d | 10 | ········˘/ |
| Her awful face; and Nature’s self repos’d; | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| When, slowly rising in the azure sky, | 10 | ·/˘/˘··/˘· |
| Three white sails shone—but to no mortal eye. | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Entering a boundless sea. In slumber cast, | 10 | /˘·/˘··/˘· |
| The very ship-boy, on the dizzy mast, | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| Half breath’d his orisons! Alone unchang’d, | 10 | ······˘/˘/ |
| Calmly, beneath, the great Commander rang’d,c | 11 | /˘····˘/˘·· |
| Thoughtful not sad; and, as the planet grew, | 10 | /˘·····/˘· |
| His noble form, wrapt in his mantle blue, | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| Athwart the deck a solemn shadow threw. | 10 | ˘/···/˘/·· |
| “Thee hath it pleas’d—Thy will be done!” he said,d | 11 | ··········· |
| Then sought his cabin; and, their capas spread, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Around him lay the sleeping as the dead, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| When, by his lamp, to that mysterious Guide, | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| On whose still counsels all his hopes relied, | 10 | ···/˘···˘/ |
| That Oracle to man in mercy giv’n, | 10 | ·/˘˘···/˘· |
| Whose voice is truth, whose wisdom is from heav’n,e | 11 | ·····/˘···· |
| Who over sands and seas directs the stray, | 10 | ······˘/·· |
| And, as with God’s own finger, points the way, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| He turn’d; but what strange thoughts perplex’d his soul, | 10 | ······˘/·· |
| When, lo, no more attracted to the Pole, | 10 | ····˘/˘··· |
| The Compass, faithless as the circling vane, | 10 | ·/˘/˘··/˘· |
| Flutter’d and fix’d, flutter’d and fix’d again; | 10 | /˘··/˘··˘/ |
| And still, as by some unseen Hand imprest, | 10 | ·····˘/·˘/ |
| Explor’d, with trembling energy, the West! | 10 | ˘/·/˘/˘˘·· |
| “Ah no!” he cried, and calm’d his anxious brow. | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| “Ill, nor the signs of ill, ’tis thine to show. | 10 | ·········· |
| Thine but to lead me where I wish’d to go!” | 10 | ·········· |
| COLUMBUS err’d not.f In that awful hour, | 11 | ˘/˘·····/˘/ |
| Sent forth to save, and girt with God-like power, | 11 | ·········/˘ |
| And glorious as the regent of the sun, | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| An Angel came! He spoke, and it was done! | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| He spoke, and, at his call, a mighty Wind,g | 11 | ·······/˘·· |
| Not like the fitful blast, with fury blind, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| But deep, majestic, in its destin’d course, | 10 | ··˘/˘··/˘· |
| Rush’d with unerring, unrelenting force, | 10 | ··˘/˘·˘/˘· |
| From the bright East. Tides duly ebb’d and flow’d; | 11 | ·····/˘/˘·· |
| Stars rose and set; and new horizons glow’d; | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| Yet still it blew! As with primeval sway, | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| Still did its ample spirit, night and day, | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| Move on the waters!—All, resign’d to Fate, | 10 | ···/˘·˘/·· |
| Folded their arms and sat; and seem’d to waith | 10 | /˘········ |
| Some sudden change; and sought, in chill suspense, | 10 | ·/˘·····˘/ |
| New spheres of being, and new modes of sense; | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| As men departing, tho’ not doom’d to die, | 10 | ··˘/˘····· |
| And midway on their passage to eternity. | 11 | ·/···/˘·˘/˘ |
Notes from the edition 3
Samuel Rogers's own notes to his Poems (Project Gutenberg #13586).
- Line 19 The capa is the Spanish cloak.
- Line 32 Herrera, dec. I. lib. i. c. 9.
- Line 38 Rev. xix. 17.
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