Canzone X

Petrarch (1304–1374), translated by various hands · 1859

iambic pentameter · 94 lines · from The Sonnets, Triumphs and Other Poems

Since then by destinyI am compell'd to sing the strong desire,Which here condemns me ceaselessly to sigh,May Love, whose quenchless fireExcites me, be my guide and point the way,And in the sweet task modulate my lay:But gently be it, lest th' o'erpowering themeInflame and sting me, lest my fond heart mayDissolve in too much softness, which I deem,From its sad state, may be:For in me--hence my terror and distress!Not now as erst I seeJudgment to keep my mind's great passion less:Nay, rather from mine own thoughts melt I so,As melts before the summer sun the snow.

At first I fondly thoughtCommuning with mine ardent flame to winSome brief repose, some time of truce within:This was the hope which broughtMe courage what I suffer'd to explain,Now, now it leaves me martyr to my pain:But still, continuing mine amorous song,Must I the lofty enterprise maintain;So powerful is the wish that in me glows,That Reason, which so longRestrain'd it, now no longer can oppose.Then teach me, Love, to singIn such frank guise, that ever if the earOf my sweet foe should chance the notes to hear,Pity, I ask no more, may in her spring.

If, as in other times,When kindled to true virtue was mankind,The genius, energy of man could findEntrance in divers climes,Mountains and seas o'erpassing, seeking thereHonour, and culling oft its garland fair,Mine were such wish, not mine such need would be.From shore to shore my weary course to trace,Since God, and Love, and Nature deign for meEach virtue and each graceIn those dear eyes where I rejoice to place.In life to them must ITurn as to founts whence peace and safety swell:And e'en were death, which else I fear not, nigh,Their sight alone would teach me to be well.

As, vex'd by the fierce wind,The weary sailor lifts at night his gazeTo the twin lights which still our pole displays,So, in the storms unkindOf Love which I sustain, in those bright eyesMy guiding light and only solace lies:But e'en in this far more is due to theft,Which, taught by Love, from time to time, I makeOf secret glances than their gracious gift:Yet that, though rare and slight,Makes me from them perpetual model take;Since first they blest my sightNothing of good without them have I tried,Placing them over me to guard and guide,Because mine own worth held itself but light.

Never the full effectCan I imagine, and describe it lessWhich o'er my heart those soft eyes still possess!As worthless I rejectAnd mean all other joys that life confers,E'en as all other beauties yield to hers.A tranquil peace, alloy'd by no distress,Such as in heaven eternally abides,Moves from their lovely and bewitching smile.So could I gaze, the whileLove, at his sweet will, governs them and guides,--E'en though the sun were nigh,Resting above us on his onward wheel--On her, intensely with undazzled eye,Nor of myself nor others think or feel.

Ah! that I should desireThings that can never in this world be won,Living on wishes hopeless to acquire.Yet, were the knot undone,Wherewith my weak tongue Love is wont to bind,Checking its speech, when her sweet face puts onAll its great charms, then would I courage find,Words on that point so apt and new to use,As should make weep whoe'er might hear the tale.But the old wounds I bear,Stamp'd on my tortured heart, such power refuse;Then grow I weak and pale,And my blood hides itself I know not where;Nor as I was remain I: hence I knowLove dooms my death and this the fatal blow.

Farewell, my song! already do I seeHeavily in my hand the tired pen moveFrom its long dear discourse with her I love;Not so my thoughts from communing with me.

Words in this poem

quenchless a.
Incapable of being quenched; inextinguishable; as, quenchless fire or fury.
modulate v. t.
To form, as sound, to a certain key, or to a certain portion. [L. modulatus, p.p. of modulari to measure, to modulate, fr. modulus a small measure, meter, melody, dim. of modus. See Mode.]
deem v. t.
To decide; to judge; to sentence; to condemn. [OE. demen to judge, condemn, AS. d, fr. d doom; akin to OFries. d, OS. ad, D. doemen, OHG. tuommen, Icel. dæma, Sw. dömma, Dan. dömme, Goth. d. See Doom, n., an]
fondly adv.
Foolishly. Verstegan (1673).
divers a.
Different in kind or species; diverse. [F. divers, L. diversus turned in different directions, different, p. p. of divertere. See Divert, and cf. Diverse.]
honour n.
Esteem due or paid to worth; high estimation; respect; consideration; reverence; veneration; manifestation of respect or reverence. [OE. honor, honour, onour, onur, OF. honor, onor, honur, onur, honour, onour, F. honneur, fr. L. honor, honos.]
culling
The act of one who culls.
deign v. t.
To esteem worthy; to consider worth notice; -- opposed to disdain. [OE. deinen, deignen, OF. degner, deigner, daigner, F. daigner, fr. L. dignari to deem worthy, deign, fr. dignus worthy; akin to decere to be fitting. See Decent]
unkind a.
Having no race or kindred; childless. [See Kin kindred.]
solace n.
Comfort in grief; alleviation of grief or anxiety; also, that which relieves in distress; that which cheers or consoles; relief. [OF. solas, ssoulaz, L. solacium, solatium, fr. solari to comfort, console. Cf. Console, v. t.]
eternally adv.
In an eternal manner.
intensely adv.
Intently. J. Spencer.
undone a.
Not done or performed; neglected. [Pref. un- not + done.]
wherewith adv.
With which; -- used relatively.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Canzone X is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Sonnets, Triumphs and Other Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #17650, the various hands translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Petrarch, Canzone X, in The Sonnets, Triumphs and Other Poems (1859), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #17650, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/petrarch-sonnets/canzone-x.html, id L14570.

Form and metre

Canzone X is 94 lines in 7 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 88%). 95% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 9.0 syllables. 6 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 32% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 -A-ABBCBCDEDEFF destiny · desireA · sigh · fireA · wayB · layB · themeC · mayB · deemC · beD · distressE · seeD · lessE · soF · snowF
  2. 2 ABBACCDCEDEFGGF thoughtA · winB · withinB · broughtA · explainC · painC · songD · maintainC · glowsE · longD · opposeE · singF · earG · hearG · springF
  3. 3 ABBACCDEDEEFGFG timesA · mankindB · findB · climesA · thereC · fairC · beD · traceE · meD · graceE · placeE · iF · swellG · nighF · wellG
  4. 4 ABBACC-D-EDEFFE windA · gazeB · displaysB · unkindA · eyesC · liesC · theft · makeD · gift · slightE · takeD · sightE · triedF · guideF · lightE
  5. 5 ABBACCBDEEDFGFG effectA · lessB · possessB · rejectA · confersC · hersC · distressB · abidesD · smileE · whileE · guidesD · nighF · wheelG · eyeF · feelG
  6. 6 ABABC-CDEFDEFGG desireA · wonB · acquireA · undoneB · bindC · on · findC · useD · taleE · bearF · refuseD · paleE · whereF · knowG · blowG
  7. 7 ABBA seeA · moveB · loveB · meA
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Since then by destiny6···/˘˘
I am compell'd to sing the strong desire,11··˘/····˘/˘
Which here condemns me ceaselessly to sigh,10··˘/·/˘˘··
May Love, whose quenchless fire7···/˘/˘
Excites me, be my guide and point the way,10˘/········
And in the sweet task modulate my lay:10·····/˘˘··
But gently be it, lest th' o'erpowering theme11·/˘········
Inflame and sting me, lest my fond heart may10˘/········
Dissolve in too much softness, which I deem,10˘/···/˘···
From its sad state, may be:6······
For in me--hence my terror and distress!10·····/˘·˘/
Not now as erst I see6······
Judgment to keep my mind's great passion less:10/˘·····/˘·
Nay, rather from mine own thoughts melt I so,10·/˘·······
As melts before the summer sun the snow.10·····/˘···
At first I fondly thought6···/˘·
Communing with mine ardent flame to win10˘/˘··/˘···
Some brief repose, some time of truce within:10··˘/······
This was the hope which brought6······
Me courage what I suffer'd to explain,10·/˘··/˘·˘/
Now, now it leaves me martyr to my pain:10·····/˘···
But still, continuing mine amorous song,10··˘/˘·/˘˘·
Must I the lofty enterprise maintain;10···/˘/˘·˘/
So powerful is the wish that in me glows,10·/˘·······
That Reason, which so long6·/˘···
Restrain'd it, now no longer can oppose.10˘/···/˘·˘/
Then teach me, Love, to sing6······
In such frank guise, that ever if the ear10·····/˘···
Of my sweet foe should chance the notes to hear,10··········
Pity, I ask no more, may in her spring.10/˘········
If, as in other times,6···/˘·
When kindled to true virtue was mankind,10·/˘··/˘·//
The genius, energy of man could find10·/˘/˘˘····
Entrance in divers climes,6/˘·/˘·
Mountains and seas o'erpassing, seeking there10/˘·····/˘·
Honour, and culling oft its garland fair,10/˘·/˘··/˘·
Mine were such wish, not mine such need would be.10··········
From shore to shore my weary course to trace,10·····/˘···
Since God, and Love, and Nature deign for me10·····/˘···
Each virtue and each grace6·/˘···
In those dear eyes where I rejoice to place.10······˘/··
In life to them must I6······
Turn as to founts whence peace and safety swell:10·······/˘·
And e'en were death, which else I fear not, nigh,10··········
Their sight alone would teach me to be well.10··˘/······
As, vex'd by the fierce wind,6······
The weary sailor lifts at night his gaze10·/˘/˘·····
To the twin lights which still our pole displays,10······/·˘/
So, in the storms unkind6····˘/
Of Love which I sustain, in those bright eyes10····˘/····
My guiding light and only solace lies:10·/˘··/˘/˘·
But e'en in this far more is due to theft,10··········
Which, taught by Love, from time to time, I make10··········
Of secret glances than their gracious gift:10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Yet that, though rare and slight,6······
Makes me from them perpetual model take;10····˘/˘/˘·
Since first they blest my sight6······
Nothing of good without them have I tried,10/˘········
Placing them over me to guard and guide,10/˘········
Because mine own worth held itself but light.10······˘/··
Never the full effect6/˘··/˘
Can I imagine, and describe it less10··˘/˘·˘/··
Which o'er my heart those soft eyes still possess!10········˘/
As worthless I reject6·/˘·˘/
And mean all other joys that life confers,10···/˘···˘/
E'en as all other beauties yield to hers.10···/˘/˘···
A tranquil peace, alloy'd by no distress,10·/˘·····˘/
Such as in heaven eternally abides,10···/˘/˘˘˘/
Moves from their lovely and bewitching smile.10···/˘·˘/˘·
So could I gaze, the while6······
Love, at his sweet will, governs them and guides,10·····/˘···
--E'en though the sun were nigh,6······
Resting above us on his onward wheel--10/˘·····/˘·
On her, intensely with undazzled eye,10··˘/˘···˘·
Nor of myself nor others think or feel.10···/·/˘···
Ah! that I should desire7····˘/˘
Things that can never in this world be won,10···/˘·····
Living on wishes hopeless to acquire.11/˘·/˘/˘·˘/˘
Yet, were the knot undone,6····˘/
Wherewith my weak tongue Love is wont to bind,10˘/········
Checking its speech, when her sweet face puts on10/˘········
All its great charms, then would I courage find,10·······/˘·
Words on that point so apt and new to use,10··········
As should make weep whoe'er might hear the tale.9·········
But the old wounds I bear,6······
Stamp'd on my tortured heart, such power refuse;10···/˘··/˘/
Then grow I weak and pale,6······
And my blood hides itself I know not where;10····˘/····
Nor as I was remain I: hence I know10····˘/····
Love dooms my death and this the fatal blow.10·······/˘·
Farewell, my song! already do I see10·/··˘/˘···
Heavily in my hand the tired pen move10/˘˘····/··
From its long dear discourse with her I love;10····/˘····
Not so my thoughts from communing with me.10·····˘/˘··

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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