Ballad XIII: Titus Andronicus's Complaint
You noble minds, and famous martiall wights,That in defence of native country fights,Give eare to me, that ten yeeres fought for Rome,Yet reapt disgrace at my returning home.
In Rome I lived in fame fulle threescore yeeres,My name beloved was of all my peeres;Full five and twenty valiant sonnes I had,Whose forwarde vertues made their father glad.
For when Romes foes their warlike forces bent,Against them stille my sonnes and I were sent;Against the Goths full ten yeeres weary warreWe spent, receiving many a bloudy scarre.
Just two and twenty of my sonnes were slaineBefore we did returne to Rome againe:Of five and twenty sonnes, I brought but threeAlive, the stately towers of Rome to see.
When wars were done, I conquest home did bring,And did present my prisoners to the king,The queene of Goths, her sons, and eke a moore,Which did such murders, like was nere before.
The emperour did make this queene his wife,Which bred in Rome debate and deadlie strife;The moore, with her two sonnes did growe soe proud.That none like them in Rome might bee allowd
The moore soe pleas'd this new-made empress' eie,That she consented to him secretlyeFor to abuse her husbands marriage bed,And soe in time a blackamore she bred.
Then she, whose thoughts to murder were inclinde,Consented with the moore of bloody mindeAgainst myselfe, my kin, and all my friendes,In cruell sort to bring them to their endes.
Soe when in age I thought to live in peace,Both care and griefe began then to increase:Amongst my sonnes I had one daughter bright,Which joy'd, and pleased best my aged sight;
My deare Lavinia was betrothed thanTo Cesars sonne, a young and noble man:Who in a hunting by the emperours wife,And her two sonnes, bereaved was of life.
He being slaine, was cast in cruel wise,Into a darksome den from light of skies:The cruell moore did come that way as thenWith my three sonnes, who fell into the den.
The moore then fetcht the emperour with speed,For to accuse them of that murderous deed;And when my sonnes within the den were found,In wrongfull prison they were cast and bound.
But nowe, behold! what wounded most my mind,The empresses two sonnes of savage kindMy daughter ravished without remorse,And took away her honour, quite perforce.
When they had tasted of soe sweete a flowre,Fearing this sweete should shortly turne to sowre,They cutt her tongue, whereby she could not tellHow that dishonoure unto her befell.
Then both her hands they basely cutt off quite,Whereby their wickednesse she could not write;Nor with her needle on her sampler soweThe bloudye workers of her direfull woe.
My brother Marcus found her in the wood,Staining the grassie ground with purple bloud,That trickled from her stumpes, and bloudlesse armes:Noe tongue at all she had to tell her harmes.
But when I sawe her in that woefull case,With teares of bloud I wet mine aged face:For my Lavinia I lamented moreThen for my two and twenty sonnes before.
When as I sawe she could not write nor speake,With grief mine aged heart began to breake;We spred an heape of sand upon the ground,Whereby those bloudy tyrants out we found.
For with a staffe, without the helpe of hand,She writt these wordes upon the plat of sand:"The lustfull sonnes of the proud emperèsseAre doers of this hateful wickednèsse."
I tore the milk-white hairs from off mine head,I curst the houre, wherein I first was bred,I wisht this hand, that fought for countrie's fame,In cradle rockt, had first been stroken lame.
The moore delighting still in villainyDid say, to sett my sonnes from prison freeI should unto the king my right hand give,And then my three imprisoned sonnes should live.
The moore I caus'd to strike it off with speede,Whereat I grieved not to see it bleed,But for my sonnes would willingly impart,And for their ransome send my bleeding heart.
But as my life did linger thus in paine,They sent to me my bootlesse hand againe,And therewithal the heades of my three sonnes,Which filld my dying heart with fresher moanes.
Then past reliefe I upp and downe did goe,And with my tears writ in the dust my woe:I shot my arrowes towards heaven hie,And for revenge to hell did often crye.
The empresse then, thinking that I was mad,Like furies she and both her sonnes were clad,(She nam'd Revenge, and Rape and Murder they)To undermine and heare what I would say.
I fed their foolish veines a certaine space,Untill my friendes did find a secret place,Where both her sonnes unto a post were bound,And just revenge in cruell sort was found.
I cut their throates, my daughter held the panBetwixt her stumpes, wherein the bloud it ran:And then I ground their bones to powder small,And made a paste for pyes streight therewithall.
Then with their fleshe I made two mighty pyes,And at a banquet servde in stately wise:Before the empresse set this loathsome meat;So of her sonnes own flesh she well did eat.
Myselfe bereav'd my daughter then of life,The empresse then I slewe with bloudy knife,And stabb'd the emperour immediatelie,And then myself: even soe did Titus die.
Then this revenge against the Moore was found,Alive they sett him halfe into the ground,Whereas he stood untill such time he starv'd.And soe God send all murderers may be serv'd.
Words in this poem 36
- martiall a.
- Of, pertaining to, or suited for, war; military; as, martial music; a martial appearance. [F., fr. L. martialis of or belonging to Mars, the god of war. Cf. March the month.]
- defence n.
- The act of defending, or the state of being defended; protection, as from violence or danger. [F. défense, OF. defense, fem., defens, masc., fr. L. defensa (cf. Fence.]
- valiant a.
- Vigorous in body; strong; powerful; as, a valiant fencer. [OE. valiant, F. vaillant, OF. vaillant, valant, originally p. pr. of OF. & F. valoir to be worth, L. valere to be strong. See Wield, and cf. Avail, Convalesce, ]
- scarre n.
- A mark in the skin or flesh of an animal, made by a wound or ulcer, and remaining after the wound or ulcer is healed; a cicatrix; a mark left by a previous injury; a blemish; a disfigurement. [OF. escare, F. eschare an eschar, a dry slough (cf. It. & Sp. escara), L. eschara, fr. Gr. Eschar.]
- strife n.
- The act of striving; earnest endeavor. [OF. estrif. See Strive.]
- cruell a.
- Disposed to give pain to others; willing or pleased to hurt, torment, or afflict; destitute of sympathetic kindness and pity; savage; inhuman; hard-hearted; merciless. [F. cruel, fr. L. crudelis, fr. crudus. See Crude.]
- amongst prep.
- Mixed or mingled; surrounded by. [OE. amongist, amonges, amonge, among, AS. onmang, ongemang, gemang, in a crowd or mixture. For the ending -st see Amidst. See Mingle.]
- deare
- variant of Dere, v. t. & n.
- sonne n.
- A male child; the male issue, or offspring, of a parent, father or mother. [OE. sone, sune, AS. sunu; akin to D. zoon, OS., OFries., & OHG. sunu, G. sohn, Icel. sonr, Sw. son, Dan. sön, Goth. sunus, Lith. sunus, Russ. suin', Skr. sunu (]
- darksome a.
- Dark; gloomy; obscure; shaded; cheerless.
- wrongfull a.
- Full of wrong; injurious; unjust; unfair; as, a wrongful taking of property; wrongful dealing.
- honour n.
- Esteem due or paid to worth; high estimation; respect; consideration; reverence; veneration; manifestation of respect or reverence. [OE. honor, honour, onour, onur, OF. honor, onor, honur, onur, honour, onour, F. honneur, fr. L. honor, honos.]
- perforce v. t.
- To force; to compel.
- flowre n.
- In the popular sense, the bloom or blossom of a plant; the showy portion, usually of a different color, shape, and texture from the foliage. [OE. flour, OF. flour, flur, flor, F. fleur, fr. L. flos, floris. Cf. Blossom, Effloresce, Floret, Florid, Florin, Flour, Flourish.]
- shortly adv.
- In a short or brief time or manner; soon; quickly. [AS. sceortlice.]
- sowre n.
- One who, or that which, sows.
- cutt v. t.
- To sparate the parts of with, or as with, a sharp instrument; to make an incision in; to gash; to sever; to divide. [OE. cutten, kitten, ketten; prob. of Celtic origin; cf. W. cwtau to shorten, curtail, dock, cwta bobtailed, cwt tail, skirt, Gael. cutaich to shorten, curtail, ]
- basely adv.
- In a base manner; with despicable meanness; dishonorably; shamefully.
- sampler n.
- One who makes up samples for inspection; one who examines samples, or by samples; as, a wool sampler. [See Exampler, Exemplar.]
- direfull a.
- Dire; dreadful; terrible; calamitous; woeful; as, a direful fiend; a direful day. [Dire + -ful.]
- woefull a.
- Full of woe; sorrowful; distressed with grief or calamity; afflicted; wretched; unhappy; sad.
- lamented a.
- Mourned for; bewailed.
- writt
- 3d pers. sing. pres. of Write, for writeth.
- plat a.
- Plain; flat; level. Gower. [F. plat. See Plate, n.]
- lustfull a.
- Full of lust; excited by lust Spenser. Tillotson.
- hateful a.
- Manifesting hate or hatred; malignant; malevolent.
- tore n.
- The dead grass that remains on mowing land in winter and spring. Mortimer. [Probably from the root of tear; cf. W. tór a break, cut, tóri to break, cut.]
- curst a.
- Froward; malignant; mischievous; malicious; snarling. [SeeCurse.]
- whereat adv.
- At which; upon which; whereupon; -- used relatively.
- willingly adv.
- In a willing manner; with free will; without reluctance; cheerfully.
- therewithal adv.
- Over and above; besides; moreover. Daniel.
- clad v.
- To clothe. Holland.
- untill prep.
- To; unto; towards; -- used of material objects. [OE. until, ontil; un- (as in unto) + til till; cf. Dan. indtil, Sw. intill. See Unto, and Till, prep.]
- betwixt prep.
- In the space which separates; between. [OE. betwix, bitwix, rarely bitwixt, AS. betweox, betweohs, betweoh, betwih; pref. be- by + a form fr. AS. twa two. See Between.]
- therewithall adv.
- Over and above; besides; moreover. Daniel.
- whereas adv.
- At which place; where.
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
Ballad XIII: Titus Andronicus's Complaint is in the public domain. This text is taken from Reliques of Ancient English Poetry, Volume 1 (of 3) Consisting of Old Heroic Ballads, Songs and Other Pieces of Our Earlier Poets Together With Some Few of Later Date, Project Gutenberg ebook #45939; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Thomas Percy, Ballad XIII: Titus Andronicus's Complaint, in Reliques of Ancient English Poetry, Volume I (1765), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #45939, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/percy-reliques/ballad-xiii-titus-andronicus-s-complaint.html, id L08541.
Form and metre
Ballad XIII: Titus Andronicus's Complaint is 120 lines in 30 stanzas of 4 lines each. The rhyme scheme is AABB, complete in 20 of its 30 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 90%). 96% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.0 syllables. 2 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 14% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
See other poems in iambic pentameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 --AA wights · fights · romeA · homeA
- 2 AABB yeeresA · peeresA · hadB · gladB
- 3 AA-- bentA · sentA · warre · scarre
- 4 AABB slaineA · againeA · threeB · seeB
- 5 AABB bringA · kingA · mooreB · beforeB
- 6 AABB wifeA · strifeA · proudB · allowdB
- 7 --AA eie · secretlye · bedA · bredA
- 8 AABB inclindeA · mindeA · friendesB · endesB
- 9 AABB peaceA · increaseA · brightB · sightB
- 10 AABB thanA · manA · wifeB · lifeB
- 11 AABB wiseA · skiesA · thenB · denB
- 12 AABB speedA · deedA · foundB · boundB
- 13 AABB mindA · kindA · remorseB · perforceB
- 14 --AA flowre · sowre · tellA · befellA
- 15 AABB quiteA · writeA · soweB · woeB
- 16 --AA wood · bloud · armesA · harmesA
- 17 AABB caseA · faceA · moreB · beforeB
- 18 AABB speakeA · breakeA · groundB · foundB
- 19 AABB handA · sandA · emperèsseB · wickednèsseB
- 20 AABB headA · bredA · fameB · lameB
- 21 --AA villainy · free · giveA · liveA
- 22 AABB speedeA · bleedA · impartB · heartB
- 23 AA-- paineA · againeA · sonnes · moanes
- 24 AA-- goeA · woeA · hie · crye
- 25 AABB madA · cladA · theyB · sayB
- 26 AABB spaceA · placeA · boundB · foundB
- 27 AABB panA · ranA · smallB · therewithallB
- 28 AABB pyesA · wiseA · meatB · eatB
- 29 AA-- lifeA · knifeA · immediatelie · die
- 30 AA-- foundA · groundA · starv'd · serv'd
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| You noble minds, and famous martiall wights, | 10 | ·/˘··/˘/˘· |
| That in defence of native country fights, | 10 | ··˘/·/˘/˘· |
| Give eare to me, that ten yeeres fought for Rome, | 10 | ·········· |
| Yet reapt disgrace at my returning home. | 10 | ··˘/··˘/˘· |
| In Rome I lived in fame fulle threescore yeeres, | 11 | ········/˘· |
| My name beloved was of all my peeres; | 10 | ··˘/˘····· |
| Full five and twenty valiant sonnes I had, | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| Whose forwarde vertues made their father glad. | 9 | ······/˘· |
| For when Romes foes their warlike forces bent, | 10 | ·····/·/˘· |
| Against them stille my sonnes and I were sent; | 10 | ·········· |
| Against the Goths full ten yeeres weary warre | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| We spent, receiving many a bloudy scarre. | 10 | ··˘/˘/···· |
| Just two and twenty of my sonnes were slaine | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Before we did returne to Rome againe: | 10 | ·········· |
| Of five and twenty sonnes, I brought but three | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Alive, the stately towers of Rome to see. | 10 | ˘/·/˘/···· |
| When wars were done, I conquest home did bring, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| And did present my prisoners to the king, | 10 | ··˘/·/˘··· |
| The queene of Goths, her sons, and eke a moore, | 10 | ·········· |
| Which did such murders, like was nere before. | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| The emperour did make this queene his wife, | 10 | ·/˘˘······ |
| Which bred in Rome debate and deadlie strife; | 10 | ····˘/···· |
| The moore, with her two sonnes did growe soe proud. | 10 | ·········· |
| That none like them in Rome might bee allowd | 10 | ·········· |
| The moore soe pleas'd this new-made empress' eie, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| That she consented to him secretlye | 10 | ··˘/˘····· |
| For to abuse her husbands marriage bed, | 10 | ··˘/·/˘/˘· |
| And soe in time a blackamore she bred. | 10 | ·········· |
| Then she, whose thoughts to murder were inclinde, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Consented with the moore of bloody minde | 10 | ˘/˘····/˘· |
| Against myselfe, my kin, and all my friendes, | 10 | ·········· |
| In cruell sort to bring them to their endes. | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Soe when in age I thought to live in peace, | 10 | ·········· |
| Both care and griefe began then to increase: | 10 | ····˘/··˘/ |
| Amongst my sonnes I had one daughter bright, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Which joy'd, and pleased best my aged sight; | 9 | ····˘···· |
| My deare Lavinia was betrothed than | 10 | ··˘/˘···˘· |
| To Cesars sonne, a young and noble man: | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| Who in a hunting by the emperours wife, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| And her two sonnes, bereaved was of life. | 10 | ····˘/˘··· |
| He being slaine, was cast in cruel wise, | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| Into a darksome den from light of skies: | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| The cruell moore did come that way as then | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| With my three sonnes, who fell into the den. | 10 | ·········· |
| The moore then fetcht the emperour with speed, | 10 | ·····/˘˘·· |
| For to accuse them of that murderous deed; | 10 | ··˘/···/˘· |
| And when my sonnes within the den were found, | 10 | ·········· |
| In wrongfull prison they were cast and bound. | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| But nowe, behold! what wounded most my mind, | 10 | ··˘/·/˘··· |
| The empresses two sonnes of savage kind | 10 | ·/˘˘···/˘· |
| My daughter ravished without remorse, | 10 | ·/˘··˘··˘/ |
| And took away her honour, quite perforce. | 10 | ··˘/·/˘·˘/ |
| When they had tasted of soe sweete a flowre, | 11 | ···/˘····/˘ |
| Fearing this sweete should shortly turne to sowre, | 11 | /˘···/˘··/˘ |
| They cutt her tongue, whereby she could not tell | 10 | ·········· |
| How that dishonoure unto her befell. | 10 | ········˘/ |
| Then both her hands they basely cutt off quite, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Whereby their wickednesse she could not write; | 10 | ·········· |
| Nor with her needle on her sampler sowe | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| The bloudye workers of her direfull woe. | 11 | ···/˘······ |
| My brother Marcus found her in the wood, | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| Staining the grassie ground with purple bloud, | 10 | /˘·····/˘· |
| That trickled from her stumpes, and bloudlesse armes: | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Noe tongue at all she had to tell her harmes. | 10 | ·········· |
| But when I sawe her in that woefull case, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| With teares of bloud I wet mine aged face: | 9 | ········· |
| For my Lavinia I lamented more | 10 | ··˘/˘·˘/˘· |
| Then for my two and twenty sonnes before. | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| When as I sawe she could not write nor speake, | 10 | ·········· |
| With grief mine aged heart began to breake; | 9 | ·····˘/·· |
| We spred an heape of sand upon the ground, | 10 | ·········· |
| Whereby those bloudy tyrants out we found. | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| For with a staffe, without the helpe of hand, | 10 | ·········· |
| She writt these wordes upon the plat of sand: | 10 | ·········· |
| "The lustfull sonnes of the proud emperèsse | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Are doers of this hateful wickednèsse." | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| I tore the milk-white hairs from off mine head, | 10 | ·········· |
| I curst the houre, wherein I first was bred, | 10 | ·········· |
| I wisht this hand, that fought for countrie's fame, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| In cradle rockt, had first been stroken lame. | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| The moore delighting still in villainy | 10 | ··˘/˘··/˘˘ |
| Did say, to sett my sonnes from prison free | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| I should unto the king my right hand give, | 10 | ·········· |
| And then my three imprisoned sonnes should live. | 10 | ····˘/˘··· |
| The moore I caus'd to strike it off with speede, | 10 | ·········· |
| Whereat I grieved not to see it bleed, | 10 | ˘/··˘····· |
| But for my sonnes would willingly impart, | 10 | ·····/˘˘˘/ |
| And for their ransome send my bleeding heart. | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| But as my life did linger thus in paine, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| They sent to me my bootlesse hand againe, | 10 | ·········· |
| And therewithal the heades of my three sonnes, | 11 | ··········· |
| Which filld my dying heart with fresher moanes. | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Then past reliefe I upp and downe did goe, | 10 | ·········· |
| And with my tears writ in the dust my woe: | 10 | ·········· |
| I shot my arrowes towards heaven hie, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| And for revenge to hell did often crye. | 10 | ··˘/···/˘· |
| The empresse then, thinking that I was mad, | 10 | ····/˘···· |
| Like furies she and both her sonnes were clad, | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| (She nam'd Revenge, and Rape and Murder they) | 10 | ··˘/···/˘· |
| To undermine and heare what I would say. | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| I fed their foolish veines a certaine space, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Untill my friendes did find a secret place, | 10 | ˘/·····/˘· |
| Where both her sonnes unto a post were bound, | 10 | ·········· |
| And just revenge in cruell sort was found. | 10 | ··˘/·/˘··· |
| I cut their throates, my daughter held the pan | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Betwixt her stumpes, wherein the bloud it ran: | 10 | ˘/········ |
| And then I ground their bones to powder small, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| And made a paste for pyes streight therewithall. | 11 | ··········· |
| Then with their fleshe I made two mighty pyes, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| And at a banquet servde in stately wise: | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Before the empresse set this loathsome meat; | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| So of her sonnes own flesh she well did eat. | 10 | ·········· |
| Myselfe bereav'd my daughter then of life, | 10 | ··˘/·/˘··· |
| The empresse then I slewe with bloudy knife, | 10 | ·········· |
| And stabb'd the emperour immediatelie, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| And then myself: even soe did Titus die. | 10 | ···//··/˘· |
| Then this revenge against the Moore was found, | 10 | ··˘/······ |
| Alive they sett him halfe into the ground, | 10 | ˘/········ |
| Whereas he stood untill such time he starv'd. | 10 | ˘/··˘/···· |
| And soe God send all murderers may be serv'd. | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.