King Henry

Arthur Quiller-Couch (1863–1944) · before 1800

common measure · 91 lines · from The Oxford Book of Ballads

Let never a man a wooing wendThat lacketh thingis three;A routh o’ gold, an open heartAnd fu’ o’ courtesye.

As this I speak of King Henry,For he lay burd-alone;An’ he’s doen him to a jelly hunt’s ha’Was seven mile frae a town.

He’s chased the deer down him before,An’ the roe down by the den,Till the fattest buck in a’ the flockKing Henry he has slain.

O he has doen him to his ha’To make him bierly cheer;An’ in it came a griesly ghostSteed stappin’ i’ the fleer.

Her head hat the roof-tree o’ the house,Her middle ye weel mot span;He’s thrown to her his gay mantle,Says, ‘Lady, hap your lingcan.’

Her teeth were a’ like teather stakes,Her nose like club or mell;An’ I ken naething she ’pear’d to beBut the fiend that wons in hell.

‘Some meat, some meat, ye King Henry,Some meat ye gie to me!’--‘An’ what meat’s in this house, ladye,That ye’re not welcome tae?’--‘O ye’se gae kill your berry-brown steed,And serve him up to me.’

O whan he slew his berry-brown steed,Wow but his heart was sair!She ate him a’ up, skin an’ bane,Left naething but hide an’ hair.

‘Mair meat, mair meat, ye King Henry,Mair meat ye gie to me!’--‘An’ what meat’s in this house, ladye,That ye’re not welcome tae?’--‘O do ye slay your good grey-houndsAn’ bring them a’ to me.’

O whan he slew his good grey-hounds,Wow but his heart was sair!She ate them a’ up, skin an’ bane,Left naething but hide an’ hair.

‘Mair meat, mair meat, ye King Henry,Mair meat ye gie to me!’--‘An’ what meat’s in this house, ladye,That ye’re not welcome tae?’--‘O do ye kill your gay goss-hawksAn’ bring them a’ to me.’

O whan he fell’d his gay goss-hawks,Wow but his heart was sair!She’s ate them a’ up, skin an’ bane,Left naethin’ but feathers bare.

‘Some drink, some drink, now, King Henry,Some drink ye bring to me!’--‘O what drink’s in this house, ladye,That ye’re not welcome tae?’--‘O ye sew up your horse’s hide,An’ bring in drink to me.’

O he’s sew’d up the bluidy hide,A puncheon o’ wine put in;She’s drunk it a’ up at a waught,Left na ae drap ahin’.

‘A bed, a bed, now King Henry,A bed ye’se mak’ to me!’--‘An’ what’s the bed in this house, ladye,That ye’re not welcome tae?’--‘O ye maun pu’ the heather green,An’ mak’ a bed to me.’

Syne pu’d he has the heather green,An’ made to her a bed,An’ up has he ta’en his gay mantle,An’ o’er it he has spread.

‘Tak’ off your claiths now, King Henry,An’ lie down by my side!’--‘O God forbid,’ says King Henry,‘That ever the like betide;That ever a fiend that wons in hellShou’d streak down by my side!’

But whan day was come, and night was gane,An’ the sun shone thro’ the ha’,The fairest ladye that ever was seen

‘O weel is me!’ says King Henry,‘How lang’ll this last wi’ me?’Then out an’ spake that fair ladye,‘Even till the day you dee.

‘For I’ve met wi’ many a gentle knightThat’s gien me sic a fill;But never before wi’ a courteous knightThat ga’e me a’ my will.’

Words in this poem

wend n.
A large extent of ground; a perambulation; a circuit.
ghost n.
The spirit; the soul of man. [OE. gast, gost, soul, spirit, AS. gast breath, spirit, soul; akin to OS. g spirit, soul, D. geest, G. geist, and prob. to E. gaze, ghastly.]
steed n.
A horse, especially a spirited horse for state of war; -- used chiefly in poetry or stately prose. [OE. stede, AS. steda a stud-horse, war horse, fr. stod a stud of breeding steeds; akin to G. stute a mare, Icel. stedda, sto, a stud. *163. See Stud of horses.]
fleer n.
One who flees. Ld. Berners.
weel
A kind of trap or snare for fish, made of twigs. Carew. [Prov. E. weel, weal, a wicker basket to catch eels; prob. akin to willow, and so called as made of willow twigs.]
mell v. i.
To mix; to meddle. [F. mêler, OF. meller, mester. See Meddle.]
bane v. t.
To be the bane of; to ruin. Fuller.
puncheon n.
A figured stamp, die, or punch, used by goldsmiths, cutlers, etc. [F. poinçon awl, bodkin, crown, king-post, fr. L. punctio a pricking, fr. pungere to prick. See Pungent, and cf. Punch a tool, Punction.]
waught n.
A large draught of any liquid. Jamieson. [Cf. Quaff.]
syne adv.
Afterwards; since; ago. R. of Brunne. [See Since.]
betide v. t.
To happen to; to befall; to come to ; as, woe betide the wanderer. [OE. bitiden; pref. bi-, be- + tiden, fr. AS. tidan, to happen, fr. tid time. See Tide.]
gane v. i.
To yawn; to gape. [See Yawn.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

King Henry is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Oxford Book of Ballads, Project Gutenberg ebook #44593; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Arthur Quiller-Couch, King Henry, in The Oxford Book of Ballads (before 1800), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #44593, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/oxford-ballads/king-henry.html, id L08365.

Form and metre

King Henry is 91 lines in 20 stanzas. The metre is common measure, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 82%). 98% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 7.3 syllables. 11 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 12% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in common measure.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 4 -A-A ha · cheerA · ghost · fleerA
  2. 5 -A-A house · spanA · mantle · lingcanA
  3. 6 -A-A stakes · mellA · be · hellA
  4. 7 -A---A henry · meA · ladye · tae · steed · meA
  5. 8 -A-A steed · sairA · bane · hairA
  6. 9 -A---A henry · meA · ladye · tae · hounds · meA
  7. 10 -A-A hounds · sairA · bane · hairA
  8. 11 -A---A henry · meA · ladye · tae · hawks · meA
  9. 12 -A-A hawks · sairA · bane · bareA
  10. 13 -A---A henry · meA · ladye · tae · hide · meA
  11. 15 -A---A henry · meA · ladye · tae · green · meA
  12. 16 -A-A green · bedA · mantle · spreadA
  13. 17 ABAB-B henryA · sideB · henryA · betideB · hell · sideB
  14. 19 -A-A henry · meA · ladye · deeA
  15. 20 ABAB knightA · fillB · knightA · willB
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against common measure. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Let never a man a wooing wend8·/···/˘·
That lacketh thingis three;6·/˘···
A routh o’ gold, an open heart8·····/˘·
And fu’ o’ courtesye.6······
As this I speak of King Henry,8······/˘
For he lay burd-alone;6····˘/
An’ he’s doen him to a jelly hunt’s ha’10······/˘··
Was seven mile frae a town.7·/˘····
He’s chased the deer down him before,8········
An’ the roe down by the den,7·······
Till the fattest buck in a’ the flock9··/˘·····
King Henry he has slain.6·/˘···
O he has doen him to his ha’8········
To make him bierly cheer;6···/˘·
An’ in it came a griesly ghost8········
Steed stappin’ i’ the fleer.6······
Her head hat the roof-tree o’ the house,9·········
Her middle ye weel mot span;7·/˘····
He’s thrown to her his gay mantle,8······/˘
Says, ‘Lady, hap your lingcan.’7·/˘····
Her teeth were a’ like teather stakes,8········
Her nose like club or mell;6······
An’ I ken naething she ’pear’d to be9·········
But the fiend that wons in hell.7·······
‘Some meat, some meat, ye King Henry,8······/˘
Some meat ye gie to me!’--6······
‘An’ what meat’s in this house, ladye,8········
That ye’re not welcome tae?’--6···/˘·
‘O ye’se gae kill your berry-brown steed,9·····/˘··
And serve him up to me.’6······
O whan he slew his berry-brown steed,9·····/˘··
Wow but his heart was sair!6······
She ate him a’ up, skin an’ bane,8········
Left naething but hide an’ hair.7·······
‘Mair meat, mair meat, ye King Henry,8······/˘
Mair meat ye gie to me!’--6······
‘An’ what meat’s in this house, ladye,8········
That ye’re not welcome tae?’--6···/˘·
‘O do ye slay your good grey-hounds8········
An’ bring them a’ to me.’6······
O whan he slew his good grey-hounds,8········
Wow but his heart was sair!6······
She ate them a’ up, skin an’ bane,8········
Left naething but hide an’ hair.7·······
‘Mair meat, mair meat, ye King Henry,8······/˘
Mair meat ye gie to me!’--6······
‘An’ what meat’s in this house, ladye,8········
That ye’re not welcome tae?’--6···/˘·
‘O do ye kill your gay goss-hawks8········
An’ bring them a’ to me.’6······
O whan he fell’d his gay goss-hawks,8········
Wow but his heart was sair!6······
She’s ate them a’ up, skin an’ bane,8········
Left naethin’ but feathers bare.7····/˘·
‘Some drink, some drink, now, King Henry,8······/˘
Some drink ye bring to me!’--6······
‘O what drink’s in this house, ladye,8········
That ye’re not welcome tae?’--6···/˘·
‘O ye sew up your horse’s hide,8·····/˘·
An’ bring in drink to me.’6······
O he’s sew’d up the bluidy hide,8········
A puncheon o’ wine put in;7·/˘····
She’s drunk it a’ up at a waught,8········
Left na ae drap ahin’.6······
‘A bed, a bed, now King Henry,8······/˘
A bed ye’se mak’ to me!’--6······
‘An’ what’s the bed in this house, ladye,9·········
That ye’re not welcome tae?’--6···/˘·
‘O ye maun pu’ the heather green,8·····/˘·
An’ mak’ a bed to me.’6······
Syne pu’d he has the heather green,8·····/˘·
An’ made to her a bed,6······
An’ up has he ta’en his gay mantle,9·······/˘
An’ o’er it he has spread.6······
‘Tak’ off your claiths now, King Henry,8······/˘
An’ lie down by my side!’--6······
‘O God forbid,’ says King Henry,8··˘/··/˘
‘That ever the like betide;7·/˘··˘/
That ever a fiend that wons in hell8·/······
Shou’d streak down by my side!’6······
But whan day was come, and night was gane,9·········
An’ the sun shone thro’ the ha’,7·······
The fairest ladye that ever was seen9·/˘···/··
‘O weel is me!’ says King Henry,8······/˘
‘How lang’ll this last wi’ me?’6······
Then out an’ spake that fair ladye,8········
‘Even till the day you dee.7/˘·····
‘For I’ve met wi’ many a gentle knight9····/·/˘·
That’s gien me sic a fill;6······
But never before wi’ a courteous knight9·/····/˘·
That ga’e me a’ my will.’6······
Notes from the edition 16

Arthur Quiller-Couch's notes to The Oxford Book of Ballads (1910; Project Gutenberg #44593).

  1. Stanza 1, line 3 routh = plenty.
  2. Stanza 2, line 2 burd-alone = lone as a maid.
  3. Stanza 2, line 3 jelly = jolly, jovial.
  4. Stanza 4, line 2 bierly = stout, handsome.
  5. Stanza 4, line 4 fleer = floor.
  6. Stanza 5, line 1 hat = hit.
  7. Stanza 5, line 2 mot = might.
  8. Stanza 5, line 4 hap = cover.
  9. Stanza 5, line 4 lingcan for lycam = body.
  10. Stanza 6, line 1 teather stakes = tether pegs.
  11. Stanza 6, line 2 mell = mallet.
  12. Stanza 6, line 4 wons = dwells.
  13. Stanza 7, line 5 ye’se gae = you shall go.
  14. Stanza 14, line 3 waught = draught.
  15. Stanza 14, line 4 ahin’ = behind.
  16. Stanza 17, line 6 streak = stretch.

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