Sonnet
Thou art not lovelier than lilacs,--no,Nor honeysuckle; thou art not more fairThan small white single poppies,--I can bearThy beauty; though I bend before thee, thoughFrom left to right, not knowing where to go,I turn my troubled eyes, nor here nor thereFind any refuge from thee, yet I swearSo has it been with mist,--with moonlight so.
Like him who day by day unto his draughtOf delicate poison adds him one drop moreTill he may drink unharmed the death of ten,Even so, inured to beauty, who have quaffedEach hour more deeply than the hour before,I drink--and live--what has destroyed some men.
Time does not bring relief; you all have liedWho told me time would ease me of my pain!I miss him in the weeping of the rain;I want him at the shrinking of the tide;The old snows melt from every mountain-side,And last year's leaves are smoke in every lane;But last year's bitter loving must remainHeaped on my heart, and my old thoughts abide!
There are a hundred places where I fearTo go,--so with his memory they brim!And entering with relief some quiet placeWhere never fell his foot or shone his faceI say, "There is no memory of him here!"And so stand stricken, so remembering him!
Mindful of you the sodden earth in spring,And all the flowers that in the springtime grow,And dusty roads, and thistles, and the slowRising of the round moon, all throats that singThe summer through, and each departing wing,And all the nests that the bared branches show,And all winds that in any weather blow,And all the storms that the four seasons bring.
You go no more on your exultant feetUp paths that only mist and morning knew,Or watch the wind, or listen to the beatOf a bird's wings too high in air to view,--But you were something more than young and sweetAnd fair,--and the long year remembers you.
Not in this chamber only at my birth--When the long hours of that mysterious nightWere over, and the morning was in sight--I cried, but in strange places, steppe and firthI have not seen, through alien grief and mirth;And never shall one room contain me quiteWho in so many rooms first saw the light,Child of all mothers, native of the earth.
So is no warmth for me at any fireTo-day, when the world's fire has burned so low;I kneel, spending my breath in vain desire,At that cold hearth which one time roared so strong,And straighten back in weariness, and longTo gather up my little gods and go.
If I should learn, in some quite casual way,That you were gone, not to return again--Read from the back-page of a paper, say,Held by a neighbor in a subway train,How at the corner of this avenueAnd such a street (so are the papers filled)A hurrying man--who happened to be you--At noon to-day had happened to be killed,I should not cry aloud--I could not cryAloud, or wring my hands in such a place--I should but watch the station lights rush byWith a more careful interest on my face,Or raise my eyes and read with greater careWhere to store furs and how to treat the hair.
Words in this poem
- lied n.
- A lay; a German song. It differs from the French chanson, and the Italian canzone, all three being national. [G.]
- stricken p. p.
- Struck; smitten; wounded; as, the stricken deer.
- mindful a.
- Bearing in mind; regardful; attentive; heedful; observant.
- springtime n.
- The season of spring; springtide.
- exultant a.
- Inclined to exult; characterized by, or expressing, exultation; rejoicing triumphantly. [L. exsultans, exsultantis, p. pr. of exsultare. See Exult.]
- steppe n.
- One of the vast plains in Southeastern Europe and in Asia, generally elevated, and free from wood, analogous to many of the prairies in Western North America. See Savanna. Steppe murrain. [From Russ. stepe, through G. or F. steppe.]
- firth n.
- An arm of the sea; a frith. [Scot. See Frith.]
- shall v. i.
- To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
- kneel v. i.
- To bend the knee; to fall or rest on the knees; -- sometimes with down. [OE. knelen, cneolien; akin to D. knielen, Dan. knæle. See Knee.]
- spending n.
- The act of expending; expenditure. Spending money, money set apart for extra (not necessary) personal expenses; pocket money.
- subway n.
- An underground way or gallery; especially, a passage under a street, in which water mains, gas mains, telegraph wires, etc., are conducted.
- avenue n.
- A way or opening for entrance into a place; a passage by which a place may by reached; a way of approach or of exit. [F. avenue, fr. avenir to come to, L. advenire. See Advene.]
- aloud adv.
- With a loud voice, or great noise; loudly; audibly. [Pref. a- + loud.]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
Sonnet is in the public domain. This text is taken from Renascence, and Other Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #109; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Edna St. Vincent Millay, Sonnet, in Renascence and Other Poems (1917), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #109, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/millay-renascence/sonnet.html, id L07740.
Form and metre
Sonnet is 70 lines in 9 stanzas. The commonest rhyme scheme is ABBAABBA, in 4 of the 9 stanzas; the rest vary or could not be confirmed. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 86%). 97% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.0 syllables. 2 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 39% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
See other poems in iambic pentameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 ABBAABBA noA · fairB · bearB · thoughA · goA · thereB · swearB · soA
- 2 ABCABC draughtA · moreB · tenC · quaffedA · beforeB · menC
- 3 ABBAABBA liedA · painB · rainB · tideA · sideA · laneB · remainB · abideA
- 4 ABCCAB fearA · brimB · placeC · faceC · hereA · himB
- 5 ABBAABBA springA · growB · slowB · singA · wingA · showB · blowB · bringA
- 6 ABABAB feetA · knewB · beatA · viewB · sweetA · youB
- 7 ABBAABBA birthA · nightB · sightB · firthA · mirthA · quiteB · lightB · earthA
- 8 ABACCB fireA · lowB · desireA · strongC · longC · goB
- 9 ABABCDCDEFEFGG wayA · againB · sayA · trainB · avenueC · filledD · youC · killedD · cryE · placeF · byE · faceF · careG · hairG
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| Thou art not lovelier than lilacs,--no, | 10 | ·······/·· |
| Nor honeysuckle; thou art not more fair | 10 | ·/˘·˘····· |
| Than small white single poppies,--I can bear | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| Thy beauty; though I bend before thee, though | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| From left to right, not knowing where to go, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| I turn my troubled eyes, nor here nor there | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Find any refuge from thee, yet I swear | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| So has it been with mist,--with moonlight so. | 10 | ·······/·· |
| Like him who day by day unto his draught | 10 | ·········· |
| Of delicate poison adds him one drop more | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| Till he may drink unharmed the death of ten, | 10 | ····˘/···· |
| Even so, inured to beauty, who have quaffed | 10 | /·˘/·/˘··· |
| Each hour more deeply than the hour before, | 10 | ·/·/˘··/·· |
| I drink--and live--what has destroyed some men. | 10 | ······˘/·· |
| Time does not bring relief; you all have lied | 10 | ····˘/···· |
| Who told me time would ease me of my pain! | 10 | ·········· |
| I miss him in the weeping of the rain; | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| I want him at the shrinking of the tide; | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| The old snows melt from every mountain-side, | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| And last year's leaves are smoke in every lane; | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| But last year's bitter loving must remain | 10 | ···/˘/˘·˘/ |
| Heaped on my heart, and my old thoughts abide! | 10 | ········˘/ |
| There are a hundred places where I fear | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| To go,--so with his memory they brim! | 10 | ·····/˘˘·· |
| And entering with relief some quiet place | 10 | ·/˘˘·˘/·/· |
| Where never fell his foot or shone his face | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| I say, "There is no memory of him here!" | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| And so stand stricken, so remembering him! | 10 | ···/˘·˘/˘· |
| Mindful of you the sodden earth in spring, | 10 | /˘···/˘··· |
| And all the flowers that in the springtime grow, | 10 | ···/···/·· |
| And dusty roads, and thistles, and the slow | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| Rising of the round moon, all throats that sing | 10 | /˘········ |
| The summer through, and each departing wing, | 10 | ·/˘···˘/˘· |
| And all the nests that the bared branches show, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| And all winds that in any weather blow, | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| And all the storms that the four seasons bring. | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| You go no more on your exultant feet | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| Up paths that only mist and morning knew, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Or watch the wind, or listen to the beat | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Of a bird's wings too high in air to view,-- | 10 | ·········· |
| But you were something more than young and sweet | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| And fair,--and the long year remembers you. | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| Not in this chamber only at my birth-- | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| When the long hours of that mysterious night | 10 | ···/··˘/˘· |
| Were over, and the morning was in sight-- | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| I cried, but in strange places, steppe and firth | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| I have not seen, through alien grief and mirth; | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| And never shall one room contain me quite | 10 | ·/˘···˘/·· |
| Who in so many rooms first saw the light, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Child of all mothers, native of the earth. | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| So is no warmth for me at any fire | 11 | ·······/˘/˘ |
| To-day, when the world's fire has burned so low; | 10 | ·····/···· |
| I kneel, spending my breath in vain desire, | 11 | ··/˘····˘/˘ |
| At that cold hearth which one time roared so strong, | 10 | ·········· |
| And straighten back in weariness, and long | 10 | ·/˘··/˘˘·· |
| To gather up my little gods and go. | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| If I should learn, in some quite casual way, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| That you were gone, not to return again-- | 10 | ······˘/˘/ |
| Read from the back-page of a paper, say, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Held by a neighbor in a subway train, | 10 | ···/˘··/·· |
| How at the corner of this avenue | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| And such a street (so are the papers filled) | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| A hurrying man--who happened to be you-- | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| At noon to-day had happened to be killed, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| I should not cry aloud--I could not cry | 10 | ····˘/···· |
| Aloud, or wring my hands in such a place-- | 10 | ˘/········ |
| I should but watch the station lights rush by | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| With a more careful interest on my face, | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| Or raise my eyes and read with greater care | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Where to store furs and how to treat the hair. | 10 | ·········· |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.