Song of a Second April

Edna St. Vincent Millay (1892–1950) · 1923

trochaic trimeter · ABABCDDC · 138 lines · from Poems

April this year, not otherwiseThan April of a year ago,Is full of whispers, full of sighs,Of dazzling mud and dingy snow;Hepaticas that pleased you soAre here again, and butterflies.

There rings a hammering all day,And shingles lie about the doors;In orchards near and far awayThe grey woodpecker taps and bores;And men are merry at their chores,And children earnest at their play.

The larger streams run still and deep,Noisy and swift the small brooks runAmong the mullein stalks the sheepGo up the hillside in the sun,Pensively,--only you are gone,You that alone I cared to keep.

Down, you mongrel, Death!Back into your kennel!I have stolen breathIn a stalk of fennel!You shall scratch and you shall whineMany a night, and you shall worryMany a bone, before you buryOne sweet bone of mine!

When shall I be dead?When my flesh is withered,And above my headYellow pollen gatheredAll the empty afternoon?When sweet lovers pause and wonderWho am I that lie thereunder,Hidden from the moon?

This my personal death?--That my lungs be failingTo inhale the breathOthers are exhaling?This my subtle spirit’s end?--Ah, when the thawed winter splashesOver these chance dust and ashes,Weep not me, my friend!

Me, by no means deadIn that hour, but surelyWhen this book, unread,Rots to earth obscurely,And no more to any breast,Close against the clamorous swellingOf the thing there is no telling,Are these pages pressed!

When this book is mould,And a book of manyWaiting to be soldFor a casual penny,In a little open case,In a street unclean and cluttered,Where a heavy mud is spatteredFrom the passing drays,

Stranger, pause and look;From the dust of agesLift this little book,Turn the tattered pages,Read me, do not let me die!Search the fading letters, findingSteadfast in the broken bindingAll that once was I!

When these veins are weeds,When these hollowed socketsWatch the rooty seedsBursting down like rockets,And surmise the spring again,Or, remote in that black cupboard,Watch the pink worms writhing upwardAt the smell of rain,

Boys and girls that lieWhispering in the hedges,Do not let me die,Mix me with your pledges;Boys and girls that slowly walkIn the woods, and weep, and quarrel,Staring past the pink wild laurel,Mix me with your talk,

Do not let me die!Farmers at your raking,When the sun is high,While the hay is making,When, along the stubble strewn,Withering on their stalks uneaten,Strawberries turn dark and sweetenIn the lapse of noon;

Shepherds on the hills,In the pastures, drowsingTo the tinkling bellsOf the brown sheep browsing;Sailors crying through the storm;Scholars at your study; huntersLost amid the whirling winter’sWhiteness uniform;

Men that long for sleep;Men that wake and revel;--If an old song leapTo your senses’ levelAt such moments, may it beSometimes, though a moment only,Some forgotten, quaint and homelyVehicle of me!

Women at your toil,Women at your leisureTill the kettle boil,Snatch of me your pleasure,Where the broom-straw marks the leaf;Women quiet with your weepingLest you wake a workman sleeping,Mix me with your grief!

Boys and girls that stealFrom the shocking laughterOf the old, to kneelBy a dripping rafterUnder the discoloured eaves,Out of trunks with hingeless coversLifting tales of saints and lovers,Travellers, goblins, thieves,

Suns that shine by night,Mountains made from valleys,--Bear me to the light,Flat upon your belliesBy the webby window lie,Where the little flies are crawling,--Read me, margin me with scrawling,Do not let me die!

Sexton, ply your trade!In a shower of gravelStamp upon your spade!Many a rose shall ravel,Many a metal wreath shall rustIn the rain, and I go singingThrough the lots where you are flingingYellow clay on dust!

Words in this poem 25
pensively adv.
In a pensive manner.
kennel n.
The water course of a street; a little canal or channel; a gutter; also, a puddle. Bp. Hall. [See Channel, Canal.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
pollen n.
Fine bran or flour. Bailey.
afternoon n.
The part of the day which follows noon, between noon and evening.
thereunder adv.
Under that or this.
unread a.
Not read or perused; as, an unread book. Hooker.
mould n.
Crumbling, soft, friable earth; esp., earth containing the remains or constituents of organic matter, and suited to the growth of plants; soil. [OE. molde, AS. molde; akin to D. mul, G. mull, mulm, OHG. molt, molta, Icel. mold, Dan. muld, Sw. mull, Goth. mulda, and E. meal flour. See Meal, and cf. Mole a]
fading n.
An Irish dance; also, the burden of a song.
rooty a.
Full of roots; as, rooty ground.
raking n.
The act or process of using a rake; the going over a space with a rake.
withering a.
Tending to wither; causing to shrink or fade.
browsing n.
Browse; also, a place abounding with shrubs where animals may browse.
amid prep.
In the midst or middle of; surrounded or encompassed by; among. [OE. amidde, amiddes, on midden, AS. on middan, in the middle, fr. midde the middle. The s is an adverbial ending, originally marking the genitive; the t is a la]
quaint a.
Prudent; wise; hence, crafty; artful; wily. [OE. queint, queynte, coint, prudent, wise, cunning, pretty, odd, OF. cointe cultivated, amiable, agreeable, neat, fr. L. cognitus known, p. p. of cognoscere to ]
homely a.
Belonging to, or having the characteristics of, home; domestic; familiar; intimate. [From Home, n.]
kettle n.
A metallic vessel, with a wide mouth, often without a cover, used for heating and boiling water or other liguids. Kettle pins, ninepins; skittles. Shelton. [OE. ketel; cf. AS. cetel, cetil, cytel; akin to D. kjedel, G. kessel, OHG. chezzil, Icel. ketill, SW. kittel, Dan. kjedel, Goth. katils; all perh. fr. L. catill]
shocking a.
Causing to shake or tremble, as by a blow; especially, causing to recoil with horror or disgust; extremely offensive or disgusting.
kneel v. i.
To bend the knee; to fall or rest on the knees; -- sometimes with down. [OE. knelen, cneolien; akin to D. knielen, Dan. knæle. See Knee.]
dripping n.
A falling in drops, or the sound so made.
rafter n.
Originally, any rough and somewhat heavy piece of timber. Now, commonly, one of the timbers of a roof which are put on sloping, according to the inclination of the roof. See Illust. of Queen-post. [AS. ræfter; akin to E. raft, n. See Raft.]
discoloured a.
Altered in color;
hingeless a.
Without a hinge or joint.
webby a.
Of or pertaining to a web or webs; like a web; filled or covered with webs.
ravel v. t.
To separate or undo the texture of; to take apart; to untwist; to unweave or unknit; -- often followed by out; as, to ravel a twist; to ravel out a sticking. [. ravelen, D. rafelen, akin to LG. rebeln, rebbeln, reffeln.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Song of a Second April is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #59167; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Edna St. Vincent Millay, Song of a Second April, in Poems (1923), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #59167, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/millay-poems/song-of-a-second-april.html, id L24371.

Form and metre

Song of a Second April is 138 lines in 18 stanzas. The rhyme scheme is ABABCDDC, complete in 14 of its 18 stanzas. The metre is trochaic trimeter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 88%).

See other poems in trochaic trimeter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABABBA otherwiseA · agoB · sighsA · snowB · soB · butterfliesA
  2. 2 ABABBA dayA · doorsB · awayA · boresB · choresB · playA
  3. 3 ABABBA deepA · runB · sheepA · sunB · goneB · keepA
  4. 4 ABABCDDC deathA · kennelB · breathA · fennelB · whineC · worryD · buryD · mineC
  5. 5 AAAABCCB deadA · witheredA · headA · gatheredA · afternoonB · wonderC · thereunderC · moonB
  6. 6 ABABCDDC deathA · failingB · breathA · exhalingB · endC · splashesD · ashesD · friendC
  7. 7 ABABCDDC deadA · surelyB · unreadA · obscurelyB · breastC · swellingD · tellingD · pressedC
  8. 8 ABABCDDC mouldA · manyB · soldA · pennyB · caseC · clutteredD · spatteredD · draysC
  9. 9 ABABCDDC lookA · agesB · bookA · pagesB · dieC · findingD · bindingD · iC
  10. 10 ABABCDDC weedsA · socketsB · seedsA · rocketsB · againC · cupboardD · upwardD · rainC
  11. 11 ABABCDDC lieA · hedgesB · dieA · pledgesB · walkC · quarrelD · laurelD · talkC
  12. 12 ABABCDDC dieA · rakingB · highA · makingB · strewnC · uneatenD · sweetenD · noonC
  13. 13 ABABCDDC hillsA · drowsingB · bellsA · browsingB · stormC · huntersD · winter'sD · uniformC
  14. 14 ABABCDDC sleepA · revelB · leapA · levelB · beC · onlyD · homelyD · meC
  15. 15 ABABCDDC toilA · leisureB · boilA · pleasureB · leafC · weepingD · sleepingD · griefC
  16. 16 ABABCDDC stealA · laughterB · kneelA · rafterB · eavesC · coversD · loversD · thievesC
  17. 17 ABABCDDC nightA · valleysB · lightA · belliesB · lieC · crawlingD · scrawlingD · dieC
  18. 18 ABABCDDC tradeA · gravelB · spadeA · ravelB · rustC · singingD · flingingD · dustC
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against trochaic trimeter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
April this year, not otherwise8/˘···/˘·
Than April of a year ago,8·/˘···˘/
Is full of whispers, full of sighs,8···/˘···
Of dazzling mud and dingy snow;8·/˘··/˘·
Hepaticas that pleased you so8········
Are here again, and butterflies.8··˘/·/˘·
There rings a hammering all day,8···/˘˘··
And shingles lie about the doors;8·/˘·····
In orchards near and far away8·/˘···˘/
The grey woodpecker taps and bores;8··/·˘···
And men are merry at their chores,8···/˘···
And children earnest at their play.8·/˘/˘···
The larger streams run still and deep,8·/˘·····
Noisy and swift the small brooks run8/˘······
Among the mullein stalks the sheep8···/˘···
Go up the hillside in the sun,8···/····
Pensively,--only you are gone,8/˘˘/˘···
You that alone I cared to keep.8··˘/····
Down, you mongrel, Death!5··/˘·
Back into your kennel!6····/˘
I have stolen breath5··/˘·
In a stalk of fennel!6····/˘
You shall scratch and you shall whine7·······
Many a night, and you shall worry9/˘·····/˘
Many a bone, before you bury9/˘·····/˘
One sweet bone of mine!5·····
When shall I be dead?5·····
When my flesh is withered,6····/˘
And above my head5·····
Yellow pollen gathered6/˘/˘/˘
All the empty afternoon?7··/˘·˘/
When sweet lovers pause and wonder8··/˘··/˘
Who am I that lie thereunder,8·····˘/˘
Hidden from the moon?5/˘···
This my personal death?--6··/˘˘·
That my lungs be failing6····/˘
To inhale the breath5·˘/··
Others are exhaling?6/˘·˘/˘
This my subtle spirit’s end?--7··/˘/˘·
Ah, when the thawed winter splashes8····/˘/˘
Over these chance dust and ashes,8······/˘
Weep not me, my friend!5·····
Me, by no means dead5·····
In that hour, but surely7··/˘·/˘
When this book, unread,5···˘/
Rots to earth obscurely,6···˘/˘
And no more to any breast,7····/˘·
Close against the clamorous swelling9····/˘˘/˘
Of the thing there is no telling,8······/˘
Are these pages pressed!5··/˘·
When this book is mould,5·····
And a book of many6····/˘
Waiting to be sold5/˘···
For a casual penny,7··/˘˘/˘
In a little open case,7··/˘/˘·
In a street unclean and cluttered,8···˘/·/˘
Where a heavy mud is spattered8··/˘··/˘
From the passing drays,5··/˘·
Stranger, pause and look;5/˘···
From the dust of ages6····/˘
Lift this little book,5··/˘·
Turn the tattered pages,6··/˘/˘
Read me, do not let me die!7·······
Search the fading letters, finding8··/˘/˘/˘
Steadfast in the broken binding8/···/˘/˘
All that once was I!5·····
When these veins are weeds,5·····
When these hollowed sockets6··/˘/˘
Watch the rooty seeds5··/˘·
Bursting down like rockets,6/˘··/˘
And surmise the spring again,7·˘/··˘/
Or, remote in that black cupboard,8·˘/···/˘
Watch the pink worms writhing upward8····/˘/˘
At the smell of rain,5·····
Boys and girls that lie5·····
Whispering in the hedges,7/˘˘··/˘
Do not let me die,5·····
Mix me with your pledges;6····/˘
Boys and girls that slowly walk7····/˘·
In the woods, and weep, and quarrel,8······/˘
Staring past the pink wild laurel,8/˘····/˘
Mix me with your talk,5·····
Do not let me die!5·····
Farmers at your raking,6/˘··/˘
When the sun is high,5·····
While the hay is making,6····/˘
When, along the stubble strewn,7·˘/·/˘·
Withering on their stalks uneaten,8/˘······
Strawberries turn dark and sweeten8/·˘···/˘
In the lapse of noon;5·····
Shepherds on the hills,5/˘···
In the pastures, drowsing6··/˘··
To the tinkling bells6··/˘˘·
Of the brown sheep browsing;6····/˘
Sailors crying through the storm;7/˘/˘···
Scholars at your study; hunters8/˘··/˘/˘
Lost amid the whirling winter’s8·˘/·/˘/˘
Whiteness uniform;5/˘/˘·
Men that long for sleep;5·····
Men that wake and revel;--6····/˘
If an old song leap5·····
To your senses’ level6··/˘/˘
At such moments, may it be7··/˘···
Sometimes, though a moment only,8/···/˘/˘
Some forgotten, quaint and homely8·˘/˘··/˘
Vehicle of me!5/˘˘··
Women at your toil,5/˘···
Women at your leisure6/˘··/˘
Till the kettle boil,5··/˘·
Snatch of me your pleasure,6····/˘
Where the broom-straw marks the leaf;7·······
Women quiet with your weeping8/˘/˘··/˘
Lest you wake a workman sleeping,8····/˘/˘
Mix me with your grief!5·····
Boys and girls that steal5·····
From the shocking laughter6··/˘/˘
Of the old, to kneel5·····
By a dripping rafter6··/˘/˘
Under the discoloured eaves,7···˘/˘·
Out of trunks with hingeless covers8····/˘/˘
Lifting tales of saints and lovers,8/˘····/˘
Travellers, goblins, thieves,6/˘˘/˘·
Suns that shine by night,5·····
Mountains made from valleys,--6/˘··/˘
Bear me to the light,5·····
Flat upon your bellies6····/˘
By the webby window lie,7··/˘/˘·
Where the little flies are crawling,--8··/˘··/˘
Read me, margin me with scrawling,8··/˘··/˘
Do not let me die!5·····
Sexton, ply your trade!5/˘···
In a shower of gravel7··/˘·/˘
Stamp upon your spade!5·····
Many a rose shall ravel,7/˘···˘/
Many a metal wreath shall rust8/˘·/˘···
In the rain, and I go singing8······/˘
Through the lots where you are flinging8······/˘
Yellow clay on dust!5/˘···

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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