Zenas Witt

Edgar Lee Masters (1868–1950) · 1915

iambic tetrameter · 17 lines · from Spoon River Anthology

I was sixteen, and I had the most terrible dreams,And specks before my eyes, and nervous weakness.And I couldn’t remember the books I read,Like Frank Drummer who memorized page after page.And my back was weak, and I worried and worried,And I was embarrassed and stammered my lessons,And when I stood up to recite I’d forgetEverything that I had studied.Well, I saw Dr. Weese’s advertisement,And there I read everything in print,Just as if he had known me;And about the dreams which I couldn’t help.So I knew I was marked for an early grave.And I worried until I had a coughAnd then the dreams stopped.And then I slept the sleep without dreamsHere on the hill by the river.

Words in this poem

drummer n.
One whose office is to best the drum, as in military exercises and marching.
advertisement n.
The act of informing or notifying; notification. [F.avertisement, formerly also spelled advertissement, a warning, giving notice, fr. avertir.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Zenas Witt is in the public domain. This text is taken from Spoon River Anthology, Project Gutenberg ebook #1280; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Edgar Lee Masters, Zenas Witt, in Spoon River Anthology (1915), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #1280, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/masters-spoon-river/zenas-witt.html, id L07776.

Form and metre

Zenas Witt is 17 lines in a single stanza. 83% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 9.9 syllables. 6 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 18% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 A-B-B---CC-----A- dreamsA · weakness · readB · page · worriedB · lessons · forget · studied · advertisementC · printC · me · help · grave · cough · stopped · dreamsA · river
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
I was sixteen, and I had the most terrible dreams,13··˘/·····/˘˘·
And specks before my eyes, and nervous weakness.11·······/˘/˘
And I couldn’t remember the books I read,11··/˘˘/˘····
Like Frank Drummer who memorized page after page.12··/˘·/˘·····
And my back was weak, and I worried and worried,12·······/˘·/˘
And I was embarrassed and stammered my lessons,12···˘/˘·/˘·/˘
And when I stood up to recite I’d forget11······˘/·˘/
Everything that I had studied.8/˘····/˘
Well, I saw Dr. Weese’s advertisement,10····/˘˘/˘˘
And there I read everything in print,9····/˘···
Just as if he had known me;7·······
And about the dreams which I couldn’t help.10·······/˘·
So I knew I was marked for an early grave.11········/˘·
And I worried until I had a cough10··/˘······
And then the dreams stopped.5·····
And then I slept the sleep without dreams9·········
Here on the hill by the river.8······/˘

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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