Book VIII: Bhishma-Badha III
Anxious was the proud Duryodhan when the golden morning came,For before the car of Arjun fled each Kuru chief of fame,
Brave Duryodhan shook in anger and a tremor moved his frame,As he spake to ancient Bhishma words of wrath in bitter shame:
"Bhishma! dost thou lead the Kurus in this battle's crimson field?Warlike Drona, doth he guard us like a broad and ample shield?
Wherefore then before yon Arjun do the valiant Kurus fly?Wherefore doth our leader linger when he hears the battle cry?
Doth a secret love for Pandavs quell our leader's matchless might?With a halting zeal for Kurus doth the noble Bhishma fight?
Pardon, chief! if for the Pandavs doth thy partial heart incline,Yield thy place! let faithful Karna lead my gallant Kuru line!"
Anger flamed on Bhishma's forehead and the tear was in his eye,And in accents few and trembling thus the warrior made reply:
"Vain our toil, unwise Duryodhan! Nor can Bhishma warrior old,Nor can Drona skilled in weapons, Karna archer proud and bold,
Wash the stain of deeds unholy and of wrongs and outraged laws,Conquer with a load of cunning 'gainst a right and righteous cause!
Deaf to wisdom's voice, Duryodhan! deaf to parents and to kin,Thou shalt perish in thy folly, in thy unrepented sin!
For the wrongs and insults offered unto good Yudhishthir's wife,For the kingdom from him stolen, for the plots against his life,
For the dreadful oath of Bhima, for the holy counsel given,Vainly given by saintly Krishna, thou art doomed by righteous Heaven!
Meanwhile since he leads thy forces, Bhishma still shall meet his foe,Or to conquer, or to perish, to the battle's front I go."
Speaking thus, unto the battle ancient Bhishma held his way,Sweeping all before his chariot as upon a previous day,
And the army of Yudhishthir shook from end to farthest end,Arjun nor the valiant Krishna could against the tide contend!
Cars were shattered, fled the coursers, elephants were pierced and slain,Shafts of chariots, broken standards, lifeless soldiers strewed the plain!
Coats of mail were left by warriors as they ran with streaming hair,Soldiers fled like herds of cattle stricken by a sudden fear!
Krishna, Arjun's chariot-driver, and a chief of righteous fame,Marked the broken Pandav forces, spake in grief and bitter shame:
"Arjun! not in hour of battle hath it been they wont to fly,Forward lay thy path of glory, or to conquer or to die!
If to-day with angry Bhishma Arjun shuns the dubious fight,Shame on Krishna! if he joins thee in this sad inglorious flight!
Be it mine alone, O Arjun! warrior's wonted work to know,Krishna with his fiery discus smites the all-resistless foe!"
Then he flung the reins to Arjun, left the steeds and sounding car,Leaped upon the field of battle, rushed into the dreadful war!
"Shame!" cried Arjun in his anger, "Krishna shall not wage the fight,Nor shall Arjun like a recreant seek for safety in his flight!"
And he dashed behind the warrior, and on foot the chief pursued,Caught him as the angry Krishna still his distant foeman viewed,
Stalwart Arjun lifted Krishna, as the storm lifts up a tree,Placed him on his battle-chariot, and he bent to him his knee:
"Pardon, Krishna, this compulsion! pardon this transgression bold,But while Arjun lives, O chieftain! weapon of thy wrath withhold!
By my warlike Abhimanyu, fair Subhadra's darling boy,By my brothers, dearer, truer, than in hours of pride and joy,
By my troth I pledge thee, Krishna,--let thy angry discus sleep,--Archer Arjun meets his foeman, and his plighted word will keep."
Forthwith rushed the fiery Arjun in his sounding battle-car,And like waves before him parted serried ranks of hostile war,
Vainly hurled his lance Duryodhan 'gainst the valiant warrior's face,Vainly Salya, king of Madra, threw with skill his pond'rous mace,
With disdain the godlike Arjun dashed the feeble darts aside,Hold aloft his famed gandiva as he stood with haughty pride,
Beat of drum and blare of sankha and the thunder of his car,And his weapon's fearful accents rose terrific near and far!
Came resistless Pandav forces, sweeping onward wave on wave,Chedis, Matsyas, and Panchalas, chieftains true and warriors brave!
Onward too came forth the Kurus, by the matchless Bhishma led,Shouts arose and cry of anguish midst the dying and the dead!
But the evening closed in darkness, and the night-fires fitful flared,Fainting troops and bleeding chieftains to their various tents repaired!
Words in this poem 28
- shook v. t.
- To pack, as staves, in a shook.
- wherefore adv.
- For which reason; so; -- used relatively. [Where + for.]
- valiant a.
- Vigorous in body; strong; powerful; as, a valiant fencer. [OE. valiant, F. vaillant, OF. vaillant, valant, originally p. pr. of OF. & F. valoir to be worth, L. valere to be strong. See Wield, and cf. Avail, Convalesce, ]
- quell v. t.
- To take the life of; to kill. [OE. quellen to kill, AS. cwellan, causative of cwelan to die; akin to OHG. quellen to torment, Icel. kvelja. See Quail to cower.]
- unholy a.
- Not holy; unhallowed; not consecrated; hence, profane; wicked; impious.
- shalt
- 2d per. sing. of Shall.
- dreadful a.
- Full of dread or terror; fearful.
- saintly a.
- Like a saint; becoming a holy person.
- meanwhile n.
- The intervening time; as, in the meantime (or mean time).
- shall v. i.
- To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
- streaming a.
- Sending forth streams.
- stricken p. p.
- Struck; smitten; wounded; as, the stricken deer.
- angry a.
- Troublesome; vexatious; rigorous. [See Anger.]
- dubious a.
- Doubtful or not settled in opinion; being in doubt; wavering or fluctuating; undetermined. [L. dubius, dubiosus, fr. duo two. See Two, and cf. Doubt.]
- inglorious a.
- Not glorious; not bringing honor or glory; not accompanied with fame, honor, or celebrity; obscure; humble; as, an inglorious life of ease. [L. inglorious; pref. in- not + gloria glory, fame: cf. F. inglorieux. See Glory.]
- wonted a.
- Accustomed; customary; usual.
- resistless a.
- Having no power to resist; making no opposition.
- rushed a.
- Abounding or covered with rushes.
- wage v. i.
- To bind one's self; to engage.
- foeman n.
- An enemy in war. [AS. fhman.]
- stalwart a.
- Brave; bold; strong; redoubted; daring; vehement; violent. [OE. stalworth, AS. stælwyrth serviceable, probably originally, good at stealing, or worth stealing or taking, and afterwards extended to other causes of estimat]
- troth n.
- Belief; faith; fidelity. [A variant of truth. See Truth.]
- forthwith adv.
- Immediately; without delay; directly.
- serried a.
- Crowded; compact; dense; pressed together. [See Serry.]
- haughty a.
- High; lofty; bold. [OE. hautein, F. hautain, fr. haut high, OF. also halt, fr. L. altus. See Altitude.]
- blare v. i.
- To sound loudly and somewhat harshly. [OE. blaren, bloren, to cry, woop; cf. G. plärren to bleat, D. blaren to bleat, cry, weep. Prob. an imitative word, but cf. also E. blast. Cf. Blore.]
- sankha n.
- A chank shell (Turbinella pyrum); also, a shell bracelet or necklace made in India from the chank shell. [Skr. çankha a shell.]
- fitful a.
- Full of fits; irregularly variable; impulsive and unstable. [From 7th Fit.]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
Book VIII: Bhishma-Badha III is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Mahabharata (condensed), Project Gutenberg ebook #19630, the Romesh Chunder Dutt translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Vyasa, Book VIII: Bhishma-Badha III, in The Mahabharata (condensed) (1899), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #19630, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/mahabharata/book-viii-bhishma-badha-iii.html, id L15808.
Form and metre
Book VIII: Bhishma-Badha III is 70 lines in 35 stanzas of 2 lines each. It is in rhyming couplets, 91% of the lines. The metre is trochaic octameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 86%). 98% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 15.0 syllables. 2 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending.
See other poems in rhyming couplets, other poems in trochaic octameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 AA cameA · fameA
- 2 AA frameA · shameA
- 3 AA fieldA · shieldA
- 4 AA flyA · cryA
- 5 AA mightA · fightA
- 6 AA inclineA · lineA
- 7 AA eyeA · replyA
- 8 AA oldA · boldA
- 9 AA lawsA · causeA
- 10 AA kinA · sinA
- 11 AA wifeA · lifeA
- 13 AA foeA · goA
- 14 AA wayA · dayA
- 15 AA endA · contendA
- 16 AA slainA · plainA
- 17 AA hairA · fearA
- 18 AA fameA · shameA
- 19 AA flyA · dieA
- 20 AA fightA · flightA
- 21 AA knowA · foeA
- 23 AA fightA · flightA
- 24 AA pursuedA · viewedA
- 25 AA treeA · kneeA
- 26 AA boldA · withholdA
- 27 AA boyA · joyA
- 28 AA sleepA · keepA
- 30 AA faceA · maceA
- 31 AA asideA · prideA
- 32 AA carA · farA
- 33 AA waveA · braveA
- 34 AA ledA · deadA
- 35 AA flaredA · repairedA
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against trochaic octameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| Anxious was the proud Duryodhan when the golden morning came, | 15 | /˘········/˘/˘· |
| For before the car of Arjun fled each Kuru chief of fame, | 15 | ··············· |
| Brave Duryodhan shook in anger and a tremor moved his frame, | 15 | ······/˘··/˘··· |
| As he spake to ancient Bhishma words of wrath in bitter shame: | 15 | ····/˘······/˘· |
| "Bhishma! dost thou lead the Kurus in this battle's crimson field? | 15 | ··········/˘/˘· |
| Warlike Drona, doth he guard us like a broad and ample shield? | 15 | /···········/˘· |
| Wherefore then before yon Arjun do the valiant Kurus fly? | 15 | /˘········/˘··· |
| Wherefore doth our leader linger when he hears the battle cry? | 15 | /˘·//˘/˘····/˘· |
| Doth a secret love for Pandavs quell our leader's matchless might? | 15 | ··/˘·····//˘/˘· |
| With a halting zeal for Kurus doth the noble Bhishma fight? | 15 | ··/˘······/˘··· |
| Pardon, chief! if for the Pandavs doth thy partial heart incline, | 15 | /˘········/˘·˘/ |
| Yield thy place! let faithful Karna lead my gallant Kuru line!" | 15 | ····/˘····/˘··· |
| Anger flamed on Bhishma's forehead and the tear was in his eye, | 15 | /˘····/˘······· |
| And in accents few and trembling thus the warrior made reply: | 15 | ··/˘··/˘··/˘·˘/ |
| "Vain our toil, unwise Duryodhan! Nor can Bhishma warrior old, | 15 | ·/·˘/·······/˘· |
| Nor can Drona skilled in weapons, Karna archer proud and bold, | 15 | ······/˘··/˘··· |
| Wash the stain of deeds unholy and of wrongs and outraged laws, | 15 | ·····˘/˘····/·· |
| Conquer with a load of cunning 'gainst a right and righteous cause! | 15 | /˘····/˘····/˘· |
| Deaf to wisdom's voice, Duryodhan! deaf to parents and to kin, | 15 | ··/˘······/˘··· |
| Thou shalt perish in thy folly, in thy unrepented sin! | 15 | ··/˘··/˘······· |
| For the wrongs and insults offered unto good Yudhishthir's wife, | 15 | ····/·/˘······· |
| For the kingdom from him stolen, for the plots against his life, | 15 | ··/˘··/˘······· |
| For the dreadful oath of Bhima, for the holy counsel given, | 16 | ··/˘······/˘/˘/˘ |
| Vainly given by saintly Krishna, thou art doomed by righteous Heaven! | 16 | /˘/·/˘/˘····/˘/˘ |
| Meanwhile since he leads thy forces, Bhishma still shall meet his foe, | 15 | /·····/˘······· |
| Or to conquer, or to perish, to the battle's front I go." | 15 | ··/˘··/˘··/˘··· |
| Speaking thus, unto the battle ancient Bhishma held his way, | 15 | /˘····/˘/˘····· |
| Sweeping all before his chariot as upon a previous day, | 15 | /˘····/˘····/˘· |
| And the army of Yudhishthir shook from end to farthest end, | 15 | ··/˘········/˘· |
| Arjun nor the valiant Krishna could against the tide contend! | 15 | ····/˘/˘·····˘/ |
| Cars were shattered, fled the coursers, elephants were pierced and slain, | 15 | ··/˘··/˘/˘˘···· |
| Shafts of chariots, broken standards, lifeless soldiers strewed the plain! | 15 | ··/˘/˘/˘/˘/˘··· |
| Coats of mail were left by warriors as they ran with streaming hair, | 15 | ······/˘····/˘· |
| Soldiers fled like herds of cattle stricken by a sudden fear! | 15 | /˘····/˘/˘··/˘· |
| Krishna, Arjun's chariot-driver, and a chief of righteous fame, | 15 | /˘··/˘˘/····/˘· |
| Marked the broken Pandav forces, spake in grief and bitter shame: | 15 | ··/˘··/˘····/˘· |
| "Arjun! not in hour of battle hath it been they wont to fly, | 15 | ····/·/˘······· |
| Forward lay thy path of glory, or to conquer or to die! | 15 | /˘····/˘··/˘··· |
| If to-day with angry Bhishma Arjun shuns the dubious fight, | 15 | ····/˘······/˘· |
| Shame on Krishna! if he joins thee in this sad inglorious flight! | 15 | ··/˘·······˘/˘· |
| Be it mine alone, O Arjun! warrior's wonted work to know, | 15 | ···˘/···/˘/˘··· |
| Krishna with his fiery discus smites the all-resistless foe!" | 15 | /˘··/˘/˘···˘/˘· |
| Then he flung the reins to Arjun, left the steeds and sounding car, | 15 | ············/˘· |
| Leaped upon the field of battle, rushed into the dreadful war! | 15 | ······/˘····/˘· |
| "Shame!" cried Arjun in his anger, "Krishna shall not wage the fight, | 15 | ······/˘/˘····· |
| Nor shall Arjun like a recreant seek for safety in his flight!" | 16 | ······/˘˘··/˘··· |
| And he dashed behind the warrior, and on foot the chief pursued, | 15 | ······/˘·····˘/ |
| Caught him as the angry Krishna still his distant foeman viewed, | 15 | ····/˘/˘··/˘/˘· |
| Stalwart Arjun lifted Krishna, as the storm lifts up a tree, | 15 | /˘··/˘/˘······· |
| Placed him on his battle-chariot, and he bent to him his knee: | 15 | ····/˘/˘······· |
| "Pardon, Krishna, this compulsion! pardon this transgression bold, | 15 | /˘/˘·˘/˘/˘·˘/˘· |
| But while Arjun lives, O chieftain! weapon of thy wrath withhold! | 15 | ······/˘/˘···˘/ |
| By my warlike Abhimanyu, fair Subhadra's darling boy, | 15 | ··/·········/˘· |
| By my brothers, dearer, truer, than in hours of pride and joy, | 15 | ··/˘/˘/˘··/···· |
| By my troth I pledge thee, Krishna,--let thy angry discus sleep,-- | 15 | ······/˘··/˘/˘· |
| Archer Arjun meets his foeman, and his plighted word will keep." | 15 | /˘····/˘··/˘··· |
| Forthwith rushed the fiery Arjun in his sounding battle-car, | 15 | //··/˘····/˘/˘· |
| And like waves before him parted serried ranks of hostile war, | 15 | ······/˘/˘··/˘· |
| Vainly hurled his lance Duryodhan 'gainst the valiant warrior's face, | 15 | /˘········/˘/˘· |
| Vainly Salya, king of Madra, threw with skill his pond'rous mace, | 15 | /˘····/˘······· |
| With disdain the godlike Arjun dashed the feeble darts aside, | 15 | ·˘/·/˘····/˘·˘/ |
| Hold aloft his famed gandiva as he stood with haughty pride, | 15 | ·˘/·········/˘· |
| Beat of drum and blare of sankha and the thunder of his car, | 15 | ······/˘··/˘··· |
| And his weapon's fearful accents rose terrific near and far! | 15 | ··/˘/˘/˘·˘/˘··· |
| Came resistless Pandav forces, sweeping onward wave on wave, | 15 | ·˘/˘··/˘/˘/˘··· |
| Chedis, Matsyas, and Panchalas, chieftains true and warriors brave! | 15 | ········/˘··/˘· |
| Onward too came forth the Kurus, by the matchless Bhishma led, | 15 | /˘········/˘··· |
| Shouts arose and cry of anguish midst the dying and the dead! | 15 | ·˘/···/˘··/˘··· |
| But the evening closed in darkness, and the night-fires fitful flared, | 15 | ··/˘··/˘···//˘· |
| Fainting troops and bleeding chieftains to their various tents repaired! | 15 | /˘··/˘/˘··/˘·˘/ |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.