To John G. Palfrey

James Russell Lowell (1819–1891) · 1844–1888

iambic pentameter · 59 lines · from Poems

There are who triumph in a losing cause,Who can put on defeat, as 't were a wreathUnwithering in the adverse popular breath,Safe from the blasting demagogue's applause;'Tis they who stand for Freedom and God's laws.

And so stands Palfrey now, as Marvell stood,Loyal to Truth dethroned, nor could be wooedTo trust the playful tiger's velvet paws:And if the second Charles brought in decayOf ancient virtue, if it well might wringSouls that had broadened 'neath a nobler day,To see a losel, marketable kingFearfully watering with his realm's best bloodCromwell's quenched bolts, that erst had cracked and flamed,Scaring, through all their depths of courtier mud,Europe's crowned bloodsuckers,--how more ashamedOught we to be, who see Corruption's floodStill rise o'er last year's mark, to mine awayOur brazen idols' feet of treacherous clay!

O utter degradation! Freedom turnedSlavery's vile bawd, to cozen and betrayTo the old lecher's clutch a maiden prey,If so a loathsome pander's fee be earned!And we are silent,--we who daily treadA soil sublime, at least, with heroes' graves!--Beckon no more, shades of the noble dead!Be dumb, ye heaven-touched lips of winds and waves!Or hope to rouse some Coptic dullard, hidAges ago, wrapt stiffly, fold on fold,With cerements close, to wither in the coldForever hushed, and sunless pyramid!Beauty and Truth, and all that these contain,Drop not like ripened fruit about our feet;We climb to them through years of sweat and pain;Without long struggle, none did e'er attainThe downward look from Quiet's blissful seat:Though present loss may be the hero's part,Yet none can rob him of the victor heartWhereby the broad-realmed future is subdued,And Wrong, which now insults from triumph's car,Sending her vulture hope to raven far,Is made unwilling tributary of Good.

O Mother State, how quenched thy Sinai fires!Is there none left of thy staunch Mayflower breed?No spark among the ashes of thy sires,Of Virtue's altar-flame the kindling seed?Are these thy great men, these that cringe and creep,And writhe through slimy ways to place and power?--How long, O Lord, before thy wrath shall reapOur frail-stemmed summer prosperings in their flower?O for one hour of that undaunted stockThat went with Vane and Sydney to the block!

O for a whiff of Naseby, that would sweep,With its stern Puritan besom, all this chaffFrom the Lord's threshing-floor! Yet more than halfThe victory is attained, when one or two,Through the fool's laughter and the traitor's scorn,Beside thy sepulchre can abide the morn,Crucified Truth, when thou shalt rise anew.

Words in this poem 26
defeat v. t.
To undo; to disfigure; to destroy. [From F. défait, OF. desfait, p. p. ofe défaire, OF. desfaire, to undo; L. dis- + facere to do. See Feat, Fact, and cf. Disfashion.]
palfrey n.
A saddle horse for the road, or for state occasions, as distinguished from a war horse. [OE. palefrai, OF. palefrei, F. palefroi, LL. palafredus, parafredus, from L. paraveredus a horse for extraordinary occasions, an extra post horse; Gr. veredus a]
marvell v. t.
To marvel at. Wyclif.
losel n.
One who loses by sloth or neglect; a worthless person; a lorel. [From the root of lose, loss. Lorel.]
marketable a.
Fit to be offered for sale in a market; such as may be justly and lawfully sold; as, dacayemarketable.
fearfully adv.
In a fearful manner.
cracked a.
Coarsely ground or broken; as, cracked wheat.
courtier n.
One who is in attendance at the court of a prince; one who has an appointment at court. [From Court.]
ought p. p.
Was or were under obligation to pay; owed. [Orig. the preterit of the verb to owe. OE. oughte, aughte, ahte, AS. ahte. sq. root110. See Owe.]
bawd n.
A person who keeps a house of prostitution, or procures women for a lewd purpose; a procurer or procuress; a lewd person; -- usually applied to a woman. [OE. baude, OF. balt, baut, baude, bold, merry, perh. fr. OHG. bald bold; or fr. Celtic, cf. W. baw dirt. Cf. Bold, Bawdry.]
cozen v. t.
To cheat; to defrand; to beguile; to deceive, usually by small arts, or in a pitiful way. [From cousin, hence, literally, to deceive through pretext of relationship, F. cousiner.]
beckon v. t.
To make a significant sign to; hence, to summon, as by a motion of the hand.
coptic a.
Of or pertaining to the Copts. [Abbrev. from L. Aegyptius an Egyprian, Gr. kibti, pl. kibt.]
stiffly adv.
In a stiff manner.
sunless a.
Destitute or deprived of the sun or its rays; shaded; shadowed.
blissful a.
Full of, characterized by, or causing, joy and felicity; happy in the highest degree.
mayflower n.
In England, the hawthorn; in New England, the trailing arbutus (see Arbutus); also, the blossom of these plants.
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
reap n.
A bundle of grain; a handful of grain laid down by the reaper as it is cut. Wright. [Cf. AS. rip harvest. See Reap, v.]
undaunted a.
Not daunted; not subdued or depressed by fear.
went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
whiff n.
A sudden expulsion of air from the mouth; a quick puff or slight gust, as of air or smoke. [OE. weffe vapor, whiff, probably of imitative origin; cf. Dan. vift a puff, gust, W. chwiff a whiff, puff.]
besom n.
A brush of twigs for sweeping; a broom; anything which sweeps away or destroys. [OE. besme, besum, AS. besma; akin to D. bezem, OHG pesamo, G. besen; of uncertain origin.]
sepulchre n.
The place in which the dead body of a human being is interred, or a place set apart for that purpose; a grave; a tomb. [OE. sepulcre, OF. sepulcre, F. sépulcre, fr. L. sepulcrum, sepulchrum, fr. sepelire to bury.]
morn n.
The first part of the day; the morning; -- used chiefly in poetry. [OE. morwen, morgen, AS. morgen; akin to D. morgen, OS. morgan, G. morgen, Icel. morginn, morgunn, Sw. morgon, Dan. morgen, Goth. maúrgins. Cf. Morrow, Morning.]
shalt
2d per. sing. of Shall.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

To John G. Palfrey is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems of James Russell Lowell With biographical sketch by Nathan Haskell Dole, Project Gutenberg ebook #38520; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: James Russell Lowell, To John G. Palfrey, in Poems (1844–1888), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #38520, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/lowell-james-russell-poems/to-john-g-palfrey.html, id L13742.

Form and metre

To John G. Palfrey is 59 lines in 5 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 86%). 90% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.1 syllables. 3 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 34% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 A--AA causeA · wreath · breath · applauseA · lawsA
  2. 2 ---ABABCDCDCAA stood · wooed · paws · decayA · wringB · dayA · kingB · bloodC · flamedD · mudC · ashamedD · floodC · awayA · clayA
  3. 3 ABBACDCDEFFEGHGGHII-JJE turnedA · betrayB · preyB · earnedA · treadC · gravesD · deadC · wavesD · hidE · foldF · coldF · pyramidE · containG · feetH · painG · attainG · seatH · partI · heartI · subdued · carJ · farJ · goodE
  4. 4 ABABCDCDEE firesA · breedB · siresA · seedB · creepC · powerD · reapC · flowerD · stockE · blockE
  5. 5 -AABCCB sweep · chaffA · halfA · twoB · scornC · mornC · anewB
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
There are who triumph in a losing cause,10···/˘··/˘·
Who can put on defeat, as 't were a wreath11····˘/·····
Unwithering in the adverse popular breath,11······/·/˘·
Safe from the blasting demagogue's applause;10···/˘/˘·˘/
'Tis they who stand for Freedom and God's laws.10·····/˘···
And so stands Palfrey now, as Marvell stood,10···/˘··˘/·
Loyal to Truth dethroned, nor could be wooed10/˘··˘/····
To trust the playful tiger's velvet paws:10···/˘/˘/˘·
And if the second Charles brought in decay10···/˘···˘/
Of ancient virtue, if it well might wring10·/˘/˘·····
Souls that had broadened 'neath a nobler day,10···/˘··/˘·
To see a losel, marketable king10···/˘/˘˘˘·
Fearfully watering with his realm's best blood10/˘˘/˘·····
Cromwell's quenched bolts, that erst had cracked and flamed,10/˘········
Scaring, through all their depths of courtier mud,10/˘·····/˘·
Europe's crowned bloodsuckers,--how more ashamed10/˘·/·˘··˘/
Ought we to be, who see Corruption's flood10······˘/˘·
Still rise o'er last year's mark, to mine away10········˘/
Our brazen idols' feet of treacherous clay!10//˘/˘··/˘·
O utter degradation! Freedom turned10·/˘·˘/˘/˘·
Slavery's vile bawd, to cozen and betray10/˘···/˘·˘/
To the old lecher's clutch a maiden prey,10···/˘··/˘·
If so a loathsome pander's fee be earned!10···/˘/˘···
And we are silent,--we who daily tread10···/˘··/˘·
A soil sublime, at least, with heroes' graves!--10··˘/···/˘·
Beckon no more, shades of the noble dead!10/˘·····/˘·
Be dumb, ye heaven-touched lips of winds and waves!10···/······
Or hope to rouse some Coptic dullard, hid10·····/˘/˘·
Ages ago, wrapt stiffly, fold on fold,10/˘˘/·/˘···
With cerements close, to wither in the cold11······/˘···
Forever hushed, and sunless pyramid!10˘/˘··/˘/˘˘
Beauty and Truth, and all that these contain,10/˘······˘/
Drop not like ripened fruit about our feet;10···/˘···/·
We climb to them through years of sweat and pain;10··········
Without long struggle, none did e'er attain10···/˘···˘/
The downward look from Quiet's blissful seat:10·/˘··/˘/˘·
Though present loss may be the hero's part,10·/˘····/˘·
Yet none can rob him of the victor heart10·······/˘·
Whereby the broad-realmed future is subdued,10·····/˘·˘/
And Wrong, which now insults from triumph's car,10····˘/·/˘·
Sending her vulture hope to raven far,10/˘·/˘··/˘·
Is made unwilling tributary of Good.11··˘/˘/˘·˘··
O Mother State, how quenched thy Sinai fires!11·/˘····/·/˘
Is there none left of thy staunch Mayflower breed?10·······/˘·
No spark among the ashes of thy sires,10·····/˘···
Of Virtue's altar-flame the kindling seed?10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Are these thy great men, these that cringe and creep,10··········
And writhe through slimy ways to place and power?--11···/˘····/˘
How long, O Lord, before thy wrath shall reap10··········
Our frail-stemmed summer prosperings in their flower?10/··/˘/˘··/
O for one hour of that undaunted stock10···/··˘/˘·
That went with Vane and Sydney to the block!10·····/˘···
O for a whiff of Naseby, that would sweep,11···········
With its stern Puritan besom, all this chaff10···/˘/˘···
From the Lord's threshing-floor! Yet more than half10···/˘·····
The victory is attained, when one or two,10·/˘·˘/····
Through the fool's laughter and the traitor's scorn,10···/˘··/˘·
Beside thy sepulchre can abide the morn,10˘/····˘/··
Crucified Truth, when thou shalt rise anew.10/˘······˘/

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