The Three Kings
Three Kings came riding from far away,Melchior and Gaspar and Baltasar;Three Wise Men out of the East were they,And they travelled by night and they slept by day,For their guide was a beautiful, wonderful star.
The star was so beautiful, large, and clear,That all the other stars of the skyBecame a white mist in the atmosphere,And by this they knew that the coming was nearOf the Prince foretold in the prophecy.
Three caskets they bore on their saddle-bows,Three caskets of gold with golden keys;Their robes were of crimson silk with rowsOf bells and pomegranates and furbelows,Their turbans like blossoming almond-trees.
And so the Three Kings rode into the West,Through the dusk of night, over hill and dell,And sometimes they nodded with beard on breastAnd sometimes talked, as they paused to rest,With the people they met at some wayside well.
"Of the child that is born," said Baltasar,"Good people, I pray you, tell us the news;For we in the East have seen his star,And have ridden fast, and have ridden far,To find and worship the King of the Jews."
And the people answered, "You ask in vain;We know of no king but Herod the Great!"They thought the Wise Men were men insane,As they spurred their horses across the plain,Like riders in haste, and who cannot wait.
And when they came to Jerusalem,Herod the Great, who had heard this thing,Sent for the Wise Men and questioned them;And said, "Go down unto Bethlehem,And bring me tidings of this new king."
So they rode away; and the star stood still,The only one in the gray of mornYes, it stopped, it stood still of its own free will,Right over Bethlehem on the hill,The city of David where Christ was born.
And the Three Kings rode through the gate and the guard,Through the silent street, till their horses turnedAnd neighed as they entered the great inn-yard;But the windows were closed, and the doors were barred,And only a light in the stable burned.
And cradled there in the scented hay,In the air made sweet by the breath of kine,The little child in the manger lay,The child, that would be king one dayOf a kingdom not human but divine.
His mother Mary of NazarethSat watching beside his place of rest,Watching the even flow of his breath,For the joy of life and the terror of deathWere mingled together in her breast.
They laid their offerings at his feet:The gold was their tribute to a King,The frankincense, with its odor sweet,Was for the Priest, the Paraclete,The myrrh for the body's burying.
And the mother wondered and bowed her head,And sat as still as a statue of stone;Her heart was troubled yet comforted,Remembering what the Angel had saidOf an endless reign and of David's throne.
Then the Kings rode out of the city gate,With a clatter of hoofs in proud array;But they went not back to Herod the Great,For they knew his malice and feared his hate,And returned to their homes by another way.
Words in this poem
- rode n.
- Redness; complexion. [See Rud.]
- dell n.
- A small, retired valley; a ravine. [AS. del, akin to E. dale; cf. D. delle, del, low ground. See Dale.]
- wayside n.
- The side of the way; the edge or border of a road or path.
- bethlehem n.
- A hospital for lunatics; -- corrupted into bedlam. [Heb. b house of food; b house + lekhem food, lakham to eat. Formerly the name of a hospital for the insane, in London, which had been the priory of St. Mary of ]
- morn n.
- The first part of the day; the morning; -- used chiefly in poetry. [OE. morwen, morgen, AS. morgen; akin to D. morgen, OS. morgan, G. morgen, Icel. morginn, morgunn, Sw. morgon, Dan. morgen, Goth. maúrgins. Cf. Morrow, Morning.]
- manger n.
- A trough or open box in which fodder is placed for horses or cattle to eat. [F. mangeoire, fr. manger to eat, fr. L. manducare, fr. mandere to chew. Cf. Mandible, Manducate.]
- paraclete n.
- An advocate; one called to aid or support; hence, the Consoler, Comforter, or Intercessor; -- a term applied to the Holy Spirit.
- wondered a.
- Having performed wonders; able to perform wonderful things.
- clatter v. i.
- To make a rattling sound by striking hard bodies together; to make a succession of abrupt, rattling sounds. [AS. cla a rattle, akin to D. klateren to rattle. Cf. Clack.]
- went n.
- Course; way; path; journey; direction.
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
The Three Kings is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Complete Poetical Works of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Project Gutenberg ebook #1365; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, The Three Kings, in The Complete Poetical Works (1839–1882), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #1365, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/longfellow-poems/the-three-kings.html, id L17792.
Form and metre
The Three Kings is 70 lines in 14 stanzas of 5 lines each. The rhyme scheme is ABAAB, complete in 11 of its 14 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 73%). 85% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 9.8 syllables. 6 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 14% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
See other poems in iambic pentameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 A-AA- awayA · baltasar · theyA · dayA · star
- 2 A-AA- clearA · sky · atmosphereA · nearA · prophecy
- 3 ABAAB bowsA · keysB · rowsA · furbelowsA · treesB
- 4 ABAAB westA · dellB · breastA · restA · wellB
- 5 -ABBA baltasar · newsA · starB · farB · jewsA
- 6 ABAAB vainA · greatB · insaneA · plainA · waitB
- 7 ABAAB jerusalemA · thingB · themA · bethlehemA · kingB
- 8 ABAAB stillA · mornB · willA · hillA · bornB
- 9 ABAAB guardA · turnedB · yardA · barredA · burnedB
- 10 ABAAB hayA · kineB · layA · dayA · divineB
- 11 ABAAB nazarethA · restB · breathA · deathA · breastB
- 12 ABAAB feetA · kingB · sweetA · paracleteA · buryingB
- 13 ABAAB headA · stoneB · comfortedA · saidA · throneB
- 14 ABAAB gateA · arrayB · greatA · hateA · wayB
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| Three Kings came riding from far away, | 9 | ···/˘··˘/ |
| Melchior and Gaspar and Baltasar; | 10 | ˘/˘·/˘···· |
| Three Wise Men out of the East were they, | 9 | ········· |
| And they travelled by night and they slept by day, | 11 | ··/˘······· |
| For their guide was a beautiful, wonderful star. | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| The star was so beautiful, large, and clear, | 9 | ····/˘··· |
| That all the other stars of the sky | 9 | ···/˘···· |
| Became a white mist in the atmosphere, | 10 | ˘/·····/˘· |
| And by this they knew that the coming was near | 11 | ·······/˘·· |
| Of the Prince foretold in the prophecy. | 9 | ···˘/··/˘ |
| Three caskets they bore on their saddle-bows, | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| Three caskets of gold with golden keys; | 9 | ·/˘···/˘· |
| Their robes were of crimson silk with rows | 9 | ····/˘··· |
| Of bells and pomegranates and furbelows, | 11 | ··········· |
| Their turbans like blossoming almond-trees. | 9 | ·/˘·/˘/˘· |
| And so the Three Kings rode into the West, | 10 | ·········· |
| Through the dusk of night, over hill and dell, | 9 | ········· |
| And sometimes they nodded with beard on breast | 10 | ·˘/·/˘···· |
| And sometimes talked, as they paused to rest, | 9 | ·˘/······ |
| With the people they met at some wayside well. | 11 | ··/˘····/·· |
| "Of the child that is born," said Baltasar, | 10 | ·········· |
| "Good people, I pray you, tell us the news; | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| For we in the East have seen his star, | 9 | ········· |
| And have ridden fast, and have ridden far, | 10 | ··/˘···/˘· |
| To find and worship the King of the Jews." | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| And the people answered, "You ask in vain; | 10 | ··/˘/˘···· |
| We know of no king but Herod the Great!" | 10 | ······/˘·· |
| They thought the Wise Men were men insane, | 9 | ·······˘/ |
| As they spurred their horses across the plain, | 10 | ····/˘˘/·· |
| Like riders in haste, and who cannot wait. | 9 | ·/····˘/· |
| And when they came to Jerusalem, | 9 | ·····˘/˘˘ |
| Herod the Great, who had heard this thing, | 9 | /˘······· |
| Sent for the Wise Men and questioned them; | 9 | ······/˘· |
| And said, "Go down unto Bethlehem, | 9 | ······/˘· |
| And bring me tidings of this new king." | 9 | ···/˘···· |
| So they rode away; and the star stood still, | 10 | ···˘/····· |
| The only one in the gray of morn | 9 | ·/˘······ |
| Yes, it stopped, it stood still of its own free will, | 11 | ··········· |
| Right over Bethlehem on the hill, | 8 | ··/˘···· |
| The city of David where Christ was born. | 10 | ·/˘·/˘···· |
| And the Three Kings rode through the gate and the guard, | 11 | ··········· |
| Through the silent street, till their horses turned | 10 | ··/˘···/˘· |
| And neighed as they entered the great inn-yard; | 10 | ····/˘···· |
| But the windows were closed, and the doors were barred, | 11 | ··/˘······· |
| And only a light in the stable burned. | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| And cradled there in the scented hay, | 9 | ·/˘···/˘· |
| In the air made sweet by the breath of kine, | 10 | ·········· |
| The little child in the manger lay, | 9 | ·/˘···/˘· |
| The child, that would be king one day | 8 | ········ |
| Of a kingdom not human but divine. | 10 | ··/˘·/˘·˘/ |
| His mother Mary of Nazareth | 9 | ·/˘/˘·/˘˘ |
| Sat watching beside his place of rest, | 9 | ·/˘·/···· |
| Watching the even flow of his breath, | 8 | /˘·/···· |
| For the joy of life and the terror of death | 11 | ·······/˘·· |
| Were mingled together in her breast. | 9 | ·/˘˘/˘··· |
| They laid their offerings at his feet: | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| The gold was their tribute to a King, | 9 | ····/˘··· |
| The frankincense, with its odor sweet, | 9 | ·/˘···/˘· |
| Was for the Priest, the Paraclete, | 8 | ·····/˘˘ |
| The myrrh for the body's burying. | 9 | ····/˘/˘˘ |
| And the mother wondered and bowed her head, | 10 | ··/˘/˘···· |
| And sat as still as a statue of stone; | 10 | ······/··· |
| Her heart was troubled yet comforted, | 9 | ···/˘·/˘˘ |
| Remembering what the Angel had said | 9 | ˘/˘··/˘·· |
| Of an endless reign and of David's throne. | 10 | ··/˘···/˘· |
| Then the Kings rode out of the city gate, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| With a clatter of hoofs in proud array; | 10 | ··/˘····˘/ |
| But they went not back to Herod the Great, | 10 | ······/˘·· |
| For they knew his malice and feared his hate, | 10 | ····/˘···· |
| And returned to their homes by another way. | 11 | ·˘/····˘/˘· |
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