Miles Standish

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807–1882) · 1839–1882

iambic tetrameter · 86 lines · from The Complete Poetical Works

In the Old Colony days, in Plymouth the land of the Pilgrims,To and fro in a room of his simple and primitive dwelling,Clad in doublet and hose, and boots of Cordovan leather,Strode, with a martial air, Miles Standish the Puritan Captain.Buried in thought he seemed, with his hands behind him, and pausingEver and anon to behold his glittering weapons of warfare,Hanging in shining array along the walls of the chamber,--Cutlass and corselet of steel, and his trusty sword of Damascus,Curved at the point and inscribed with its mystical Arabic sentence,While underneath, in a corner, were fowling-piece, musket, and matchlock.Short of stature he was, but strongly built and athletic,Broad in the shoulders, deep-chested, with muscles and sinews of iron;Brown as a nut was his face, but his russet beard was alreadyFlaked with patches of snow, as hedges sometimes in November.Near him was seated John Alden, his friend, and household companion,Writing with diligent speed at a table of pine by the window;Fair-haired, azure-eyed, with delicate Saxon complexion,Having the dew of his youth, and the beauty thereof, as the captivesWhom Saint Gregory saw, and exclaimed, "Not Angles, but Angels."Youngest of all was he of the men who came in the Mayflower.

Suddenly breaking the silence, the diligent scribe interrupting,Spake, in the pride of his heart, Miles Standish the Captain of Plymouth."Look at these arms," he said, "the warlike weapons that hang hereBurnished and bright and clean, as if for parade or inspection!This is the sword of Damascus I fought with in Flanders; this breastplate,Well I remember the day! once saved my life in a skirmish;Here in front you can see the very dint of the bulletFired point-blank at my heart by a Spanish arcabucero.Had it not been of sheer steel, the forgotten bones of Miles StandishWould at this moment be mould, in their grave in the Flemish morasses."Thereupon answered John Alden, but looked not up from his writing:"Truly the breath of the Lord hath slackened the speed of the bullet;He in his mercy preserved you, to be our shield and our weapon!"Still the Captain continued, unheeding the words of the stripling:"See, how bright they are burnished, as if in an arsenal hanging;That is because I have done it myself, and not left it to others.Serve yourself, would you be well served, is an excellent adage;So I take care of my arms, as you of your pens and your inkhorn.Then, too, there are my soldiers, my great, invincible army,Twelve men, all equipped, having each his rest and his matchlock,Eighteen shillings a month, together with diet and pillage,And, like Caesar, I know the name of each of my soldiers!"This he said with a smile, that danced in his eyes, as the sunbeamsDance on the waves of the sea, and vanish again in a moment.Alden laughed as he wrote, and still the Captain continued:"Look! you can see from this window my brazen howitzer plantedHigh on the roof of the church, a preacher who speaks to the purpose,Steady, straight-forward, and strong, with irresistible logic,Orthodox, flashing conviction right into the hearts of the heathen.Now we are ready, I think, for any assault of the Indians;Let them come, if they like, and the sooner they try it the better,--Let them come if they like, be it sagamore, sachem, or pow-wow,Aspinet, Samoset, Corbitant, Squanto, or Tokamahamon!"

Long at the window he stood, and wistfully gazed on the landscape,Washed with a cold gray mist, the vapory breath of the east-wind,Forest and meadow and hill, and the steel-blue rim of the ocean,Lying silent and sad, in the afternoon shadows and sunshine.Over his countenance flitted a shadow like those on the landscape,Gloom intermingled with light; and his voice was subdued with emotion,Tenderness, pity, regret, as after a pause he proceeded:"Yonder there, on the hill by the sea, lies buried Rose Standish;Beautiful rose of love, that bloomed for me by the wayside!She was the first to die of all who came in the Mayflower!Green above her is growing the field of wheat we have sown there,Better to hide from the Indian scouts the graves of our people,Lest they should count them and see how many already have perished!"Sadly his face he averted, and strode up and down, and was thoughtful.

Fixed to the opposite wall was a shelf of books, and among themProminent three, distinguished alike for bulk and for binding;Bariffe's Artillery Guide, and the Commentaries of Caesar,Out of the Latin translated by Arthur Goldinge of London,And, as if guarded by these, between them was standing the Bible.Musing a moment before them, Miles Standish paused, as if doubtfulWhich of the three he should choose for his consolation and comfort,Whether the wars of the Hebrews, the famous campaigns of the Romans,Or the Artillery practice, designed for belligerent Christians.Finally down from its shelf he dragged the ponderous Roman,Seated himself at the window, and opened the book, and in silenceTurned o'er the well-worn leaves, where thumb-marks thick on the margin,Like the trample of feet, proclaimed the battle was hottest.Nothing was heard in the room but the hurrying pen of the stripling,Busily writing epistles important, to go by the Mayflower,Ready to sail on the morrow, or next day at latest, God willing!Homeward bound with the tidings of all that terrible winter,Letters written by Alden, and full of the name of Priscilla,Full of the name and the fame of the Puritan maiden Priscilla!

Words in this poem 30
clad v.
To clothe. Holland.
standish n.
A stand, or case, for pen and ink. [Stand + dish.]
anon adv.
Straightway; at once. [OE. anoon, anon, anan, lit., in one (moment), fr. AS. on in + an one. See On and One.]
cutlass n.
A short, heavy, curving sword, used in the navy. See Curtal ax. [F. coutelas (cf. It. coltellaccio), augm. fr. L. cuttellus a smallknife, dim. of culter knife. See Colter, and cf. Curtal ax.]
corselet n.
Armor for the body, as, the body breastplate and backpiece taken together; -- also, used for the entire suit of the day, including breastplate and backpiece, tasset and headpiece. [F., dim. of OF. cors. F. corps, body. See Corse.]
matchlock n.
An old form of gunlock containing a match for firing the priming; hence, a musket fired by means of a match.
complexion n.
The state of being complex; complexity. [F. complexion, fr. L. complexio. See Complex, a.]
mayflower n.
In England, the hawthorn; in New England, the trailing arbutus (see Arbutus); also, the blossom of these plants.
scribe n.
One who writes; a draughtsman; a writer for another; especially, an offical or public writer; an amanuensis or secretary; a notary; a copyist. [L. scriba, fr. scribere to write; cf. Gr. scarify. Cf. Ascribe, Describe, Script, Scrivener, Scrutoire.]
dint n.
A blow; a stroke. [OE. dint, dent, dunt, a blow, AS. dynt; akin to Icel. dyntr a dint, dynta to dint, and perh. to L. fendere (in composition). Cf. 1st Dent, Defend.]
mould n.
Crumbling, soft, friable earth; esp., earth containing the remains or constituents of organic matter, and suited to the growth of plants; soil. [OE. molde, AS. molde; akin to D. mul, G. mull, mulm, OHG. molt, molta, Icel. mold, Dan. muld, Sw. mull, Goth. mulda, and E. meal flour. See Meal, and cf. Mole a]
thereupon adv.
Upon that or this; thereon.
stripling n.
A youth in the state of adolescence, or just passing from boyhood to manhood; a lad. [Dim. of strip; as if a small strip from the main stock or steam.]
arsenal n.
A public establishment for the storage, or for the manufacture and storage, of arms and all military equipments, whether for land or naval service. [Sp. & F. arsenal arsenal, dockyard, or It. arzanale, arsenale (cf. It. & darsena dock); all fr. Ar. dar house of industry or fabrication; dar house + art, indus]
adage n.
An old saying, which has obtained credit by long use; a proverb. [F. adage, fr. L. adagium; ad + the root of L. aio I say.]
inkhorn a.
Learned; pedantic; affected.
wrote v. i.
To root with the snout. See 1st Root. [OE. wroten. See 1st Root.]
sagamore n.
Etym: [Cf. Sachem.]
sachem n.
A chief of a tribe of the American Indians; a sagamore.
vapory a.
Full of vapors; vaporous.
afternoon n.
The part of the day which follows noon, between noon and evening.
sunshine n.
The light of the sun, or the place where it shines; the direct rays of the sun, the place where they fall, or the warmth and light which they give.
yonder adv.
At a distance, but within view. [OE. yonder, ýonder; cf. OD. ginder, Goth. jaindr there. Yond, adv.]
wayside n.
The side of the way; the edge or border of a road or path.
sadly adv.
Wearily; heavily; firmly.
averted a.
Turned away, esp. as an expression of feeling; also, offended; unpropitious.
artillery n.
Munitions of war; implements for warfare, as slings, bows, and arrows. [OE. artilrie, OF. artillerie, arteillerie, fr. LL. artillaria, artilleria, machines and apparatus of all kinds used in war, vans laden with arms of any kind whi]
belligerent a.
Waging war; carrying on war. [L. bellum war + gerens, -entis, waging, p. pr. of gerere to wage: cf. F. belligérant. See Bellicose, Jest.]
busily adv.
In a busy manner.
homeward a.
Being in the direction of home; as, the homeward way.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Miles Standish is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Complete Poetical Works of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Project Gutenberg ebook #1365; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Miles Standish, in The Complete Poetical Works (1839–1882), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #1365, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/longfellow-poems/miles-standish.html, id L17604.

Form and metre

Miles Standish is 86 lines in 4 stanzas. 72% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 15.3 syllables. 68 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 13% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ---------AA--------- pilgrims · dwelling · leather · captain · pausing · warfare · chamber · damascus · sentence · matchlockA · athleticA · iron · already · november · companion · window · complexion · captives · angels · mayflower
  2. 2 ----A-A-------------------------- interrupting · plymouth · here · inspection · breastplateA · skirmish · bulletA · arcabucero · standish · morasses · writing · bullet · weapon · stripling · hanging · others · adage · inkhorn · army · matchlock · pillage · soldiers · sunbeams · moment · continued · planted · purpose · logic · heathen · indians · better · wow · tokamahamon
  3. 3 A-BBABC-C----- landscapeA · wind · oceanB · sunshineB · landscapeA · emotionB · proceededC · standish · waysideC · mayflower · there · people · perished · thoughtful
  4. 4 -----------------AA them · binding · caesar · london · bible · doubtful · comfort · romans · christians · roman · silence · margin · hottest · stripling · mayflower · willing · winter · priscillaA · priscillaA
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
In the Old Colony days, in Plymouth the land of the Pilgrims,15···/˘··/˘····/˘
To and fro in a room of his simple and primitive dwelling,15········/˘·/˘/˘
Clad in doublet and hose, and boots of Cordovan leather,14··/˘·····/˘˘/˘
Strode, with a martial air, Miles Standish the Puritan Captain.14···/˘··/˘·/˘/˘
Buried in thought he seemed, with his hands behind him, and pausing15/˘···········/˘
Ever and anon to behold his glittering weapons of warfare,15/·˘/·˘/·/˘/˘·/·
Hanging in shining array along the walls of the chamber,--15/˘·/˘˘/˘/····/˘
Cutlass and corselet of steel, and his trusty sword of Damascus,16/˘·/˘····/˘··˘/˘
Curved at the point and inscribed with its mystical Arabic sentence,15·····˘/··/˘/˘/˘
While underneath, in a corner, were fowling-piece, musket, and matchlock.17··˘/··/˘·/˘·/˘·/·
Short of stature he was, but strongly built and athletic,14··/˘···/˘··˘/˘
Broad in the shoulders, deep-chested, with muscles and sinews of iron;16···/˘·/˘·/˘····/
Brown as a nut was his face, but his russet beard was already16·········/˘··˘/˘
Flaked with patches of snow, as hedges sometimes in November.15··/˘···/˘/··˘/˘
Near him was seated John Alden, his friend, and household companion,16···/˘·/˘···/·˘/˘
Writing with diligent speed at a table of pine by the window;16/˘·/˘···/˘····/˘
Fair-haired, azure-eyed, with delicate Saxon complexion,13··/˘··/˘/˘˘/˘
Having the dew of his youth, and the beauty thereof, as the captives17/˘·······/˘····/˘
Whom Saint Gregory saw, and exclaimed, "Not Angles, but Angels."14··/˘··˘/·/˘·/˘
Youngest of all was he of the men who came in the Mayflower.15/˘···········/˘
Suddenly breaking the silence, the diligent scribe interrupting,15/˘/˘·/˘·/˘··˘/˘
Spake, in the pride of his heart, Miles Standish the Captain of Plymouth.16········/˘·/˘·/˘
"Look at these arms," he said, "the warlike weapons that hang here14·······/·/˘···
Burnished and bright and clean, as if for parade or inspection!15/˘·······˘/·˘/˘
This is the sword of Damascus I fought with in Flanders; this breastplate,17·····˘/˘····/˘·/·
Well I remember the day! once saved my life in a skirmish;15··˘/˘········/˘
Here in front you can see the very dint of the bullet14·······/˘···/˘
Fired point-blank at my heart by a Spanish arcabucero.15/·······/˘·····
Had it not been of sheer steel, the forgotten bones of Miles Standish16········˘/˘···/˘
Would at this moment be mould, in their grave in the Flemish morasses."17···/˘·······/˘˘/˘
Thereupon answered John Alden, but looked not up from his writing:16·˘//˘·/˘······/˘
"Truly the breath of the Lord hath slackened the speed of the bullet;16/˘······/˘····/˘
He in his mercy preserved you, to be our shield and our weapon!"16···/˘˘/···/··//˘
Still the Captain continued, unheeding the words of the stripling:16··/˘˘/˘·······/˘
"See, how bright they are burnished, as if in an arsenal hanging;15·····/˘····/˘/˘
That is because I have done it myself, and not left it to others.17·········/·····/˘
Serve yourself, would you be well served, is an excellent adage;14·˘/·······/˘/˘
So I take care of my arms, as you of your pens and your inkhorn.16··············/˘
Then, too, there are my soldiers, my great, invincible army,14·····/˘··˘/˘/˘
Twelve men, all equipped, having each his rest and his matchlock,14···˘//˘·····/·
Eighteen shillings a month, together with diet and pillage,15˘//˘··˘/˘·/˘·/˘
And, like Caesar, I know the name of each of my soldiers!"14··/˘········/˘
This he said with a smile, that danced in his eyes, as the sunbeams15·············/·
Dance on the waves of the sea, and vanish again in a moment.16········/˘˘/··/˘
Alden laughed as he wrote, and still the Captain continued:14/˘·······/˘˘/˘
"Look! you can see from this window my brazen howitzer planted15······/˘·/˘/˘/˘
High on the roof of the church, a preacher who speaks to the purpose,16········/˘····/˘
Steady, straight-forward, and strong, with irresistible logic,14/˘·/˘····˘/˘/˘
Orthodox, flashing conviction right into the hearts of the heathen.17/˘·/˘˘/˘·······/˘
Now we are ready, I think, for any assault of the Indians;16···/˘···/˘˘/··/˘
Let them come, if they like, and the sooner they try it the better,--16········/˘····/˘
Let them come if they like, be it sagamore, sachem, or pow-wow,16········/˘˘/˘···
Aspinet, Samoset, Corbitant, Squanto, or Tokamahamon!"17·················
Long at the window he stood, and wistfully gazed on the landscape,15···/˘···/˘···/·
Washed with a cold gray mist, the vapory breath of the east-wind,15·······/˘˘·····
Forest and meadow and hill, and the steel-blue rim of the ocean,15/˘·/··········/
Lying silent and sad, in the afternoon shadows and sunshine.16/˘/˘·····˘//··/·
Over his countenance flitted a shadow like those on the landscape,15··/˘/˘·/·····/·
Gloom intermingled with light; and his voice was subdued with emotion,17··˘/˘······˘/·˘/˘
Tenderness, pity, regret, as after a pause he proceeded:15/˘/˘˘/······˘/˘
"Yonder there, on the hill by the sea, lies buried Rose Standish;15/˘········/˘·/˘
Beautiful rose of love, that bloomed for me by the wayside!13/˘·········/·
She was the first to die of all who came in the Mayflower!14············/˘
Green above her is growing the field of wheat we have sown there,14·····/········
Better to hide from the Indian scouts the graves of our people,15/˘····/˘····//˘
Lest they should count them and see how many already have perished!"15········/˘/˘·/˘
Sadly his face he averted, and strode up and down, and was thoughtful.17/˘···˘/˘·······/˘
Fixed to the opposite wall was a shelf of books, and among them15···/˘··········
Prominent three, distinguished alike for bulk and for binding;14/˘·˘/˘˘/····/˘
Bariffe's Artillery Guide, and the Commentaries of Caesar,15··˘/˘···/˘·˘·/˘
Out of the Latin translated by Arthur Goldinge of London,16···/˘˘/˘·/˘···/˘
And, as if guarded by these, between them was standing the Bible.16···/˘······/˘·/˘
Musing a moment before them, Miles Standish paused, as if doubtful16/˘·/˘····/˘···/˘
Which of the three he should choose for his consolation and comfort,16··········˘/˘·/˘
Whether the wars of the Hebrews, the famous campaigns of the Romans,17······/˘·/˘˘/··/˘
Or the Artillery practice, designed for belligerent Christians.15··˘/˘/˘˘/·˘/˘/˘
Finally down from its shelf he dragged the ponderous Roman,13/˘·······/˘/˘
Seated himself at the window, and opened the book, and in silence17/˘˘/··/˘·/˘····/˘
Turned o'er the well-worn leaves, where thumb-marks thick on the margin,14············/˘
Like the trample of feet, proclaimed the battle was hottest.14··/˘··˘/·/˘·/˘
Nothing was heard in the room but the hurrying pen of the stripling,16/˘·······/˘···/˘
Busily writing epistles important, to go by the Mayflower,16/˘/˘˘/˘˘/˘····/˘
Ready to sail on the morrow, or next day at latest, God willing!17/˘····/˘····/˘·/˘
Homeward bound with the tidings of all that terrible winter,14/˘···/˘···/˘/˘
Letters written by Alden, and full of the name of Priscilla,16/˘/˘·/˘······˘/˘
Full of the name and the fame of the Puritan maiden Priscilla!16·········/˘/˘˘/˘

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