Hiawatha’s Wedding-Feast

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807–1882) · 1855

trochaic tetrameter · 240 lines · from The Song of Hiawatha

You shall hear how Pau-Puk-Keewis,How the handsome YenadizzeDanced at Hiawatha’s wedding;How the gentle Chibiabos,He the sweetest of musicians,Sang his songs of love and longing;How Iagoo, the great boaster,He the marvellous story-teller,Told his tales of strange adventure,That the feast might be more joyous,That the time might pass more gayly,And the guests be more contented.

Sumptuous was the feast NokomisMade at Hiawatha’s wedding;All the bowls were made of bass-wood,White and polished very smoothly,All the spoons of horn of bison,Black and polished very smoothly.

She had sent through all the villageMessengers with wands of willow,As a sign of invitation,As a token of the feasting;And the wedding guests assembled,Clad in all their richest raiment,Robes of fur and belts of wampum,Splendid with their paint and plumage,Beautiful with beads and tassels.

First they ate the sturgeon, Nahma,And the pike, the Maskenozha,Caught and cooked by old Nokomis;Then on pemican they feasted,Pemican and buffalo marrow,Haunch of deer and hump of bison,Yellow cakes of the Mondamin,And the wild rice of the river.

But the gracious Hiawatha,And the lovely Laughing Water,And the careful old Nokomis,Tasted not the food before them,Only waited on the othersOnly served their guests in silence.

And when all the guests had finished,Old Nokomis, brisk and busy,From an ample pouch of otter,Filled the red-stone pipes for smokingWith tobacco from the South-land,Mixed with bark of the red willow,And with herbs and leaves of fragrance.

Then she said, “O Pau-Puk-Keewis,Dance for us your merry dances,Dance the Beggar’s Dance to please us,That the feast may be more joyous,That the time may pass more gayly,And our guests be more contented!”

Then the handsome Pau-Puk-Keewis,He the idle Yenadizze,He the merry mischief-maker,Whom the people called the Storm-Fool,Rose among the guests assembled.

Skilled was he in sports and pastimes,In the merry dance of snow-shoes,In the play of quoits and ball-play;Skilled was he in games of hazard,In all games of skill and hazard,Pugasaing, the Bowl and Counters,Kuntassoo, the Game of Plum-stones.Though the warriors called him Faint-Heart,Called him coward, Shaugodaya,Idler, gambler, Yenadizze,Little heeded he their jesting,Little cared he for their insults,For the women and the maidensLoved the handsome Pau-Puk-Keewis.

He was dressed in shirt of doeskin,White and soft, and fringed with ermine,All inwrought with beads of wampum;He was dressed in deer-skin leggings,Fringed with hedgehog quills and ermine,And in moccasins of buck-skin,Thick with quills and beads embroidered.On his head were plumes of swan’s down,On his heels were tails of foxes,In one hand a fan of feathers,And a pipe was in the other.

Barred with streaks of red and yellow,Streaks of blue and bright vermilion,Shone the face of Pau-Puk-Keewis.From his forehead fell his tresses,Smooth, and parted like a woman’s,Shining bright with oil, and plaited,Hung with braids of scented grasses,As among the guests assembled,To the sound of flutes and singing,To the sound of drums and voices,Rose the handsome Pau-Puk-Keewis,And began his mystic dances.

First he danced a solemn measure,Very slow in step and gesture,In and out among the pine-trees,Through the shadows and the sunshine,Treading softly like a panther.Then more swiftly and still swifter,Whirling, spinning round in circles,Leaping o’er the guests assembled,Eddying round and round the wigwam,Till the leaves went whirling with him,Till the dust and wind togetherSwept in eddies round about him.

Then along the sandy marginOf the lake, the Big-Sea-Water,On he sped with frenzied gestures,Stamped upon the sand, and tossed itWildly in the air around him;Till the wind became a whirlwind,Till the sand was blown and siftedLike great snowdrifts o’er the landscape,Heaping all the shores with Sand Dunes,Sand Hills of the Nagow Wudjoo!

Thus the merry Pau-Puk-KeewisDanced his Beggar’s Dance to please them,And, returning, sat down laughingThere among the guests assembled,Sat and fanned himself serenelyWith his fan of turkey-feathers.

Then they said to Chibiabos,To the friend of Hiawatha,To the sweetest of all singers,To the best of all musicians,“Sing to us, O Chibiabos!Songs of love and songs of longing,That the feast may be more joyous,That the time may pass more gayly,And our guests be more contented!”

And the gentle ChibiabosSang in accents sweet and tender,Sang in tones of deep emotion,Songs of love and songs of longing;Looking still at Hiawatha,Looking at fair Laughing Water,Sang he softly, sang in this wise:

“Onaway! Awake, beloved!Thou the wild-flower of the forest!Thou the wild-bird of the prairie!Thou with eyes so soft and fawn-like!

“If thou only lookest at me,I am happy, I am happy,As the lilies of the prairie,When they feel the dew upon them!

“Sweet thy breath is as the fragranceOf the wild-flowers in the morning,As their fragrance is at evening,In the Moon when leaves are falling.

“Does not all the blood within meLeap to meet thee, leap to meet thee,As the springs to meet the sunshine,In the Moon when nights are brightest?

“Onaway! my heart sings to thee,Sings with joy when thou art near me,As the sighing, singing branchesIn the pleasant Moon of Strawberries!

“When thou art not pleased, beloved,Then my heart is sad and darkened,As the shining river darkensWhen the clouds drop shadows on it!

“When thou smilest, my beloved,Then my troubled heart is brightened,As in sunshine gleam the ripplesThat the cold wind makes in rivers.

“Smiles the earth, and smile the waters,Smile the cloudless skies above us,But I lose the way of smilingWhen thou art no longer near me!

“I myself, myself! behold me!Blood of my beating heart, behold me!Oh awake, awake, beloved!Onaway! awake, beloved!”

Thus the gentle ChibiabosSang his song of love and longing;And Iagoo, the great boaster,He the marvellous story-teller,He the friend of old Nokomis,Jealous of the sweet musician,Jealous of the applause they gave him,Saw in all the eyes around him,Saw in all their looks and gestures,That the wedding guests assembledLonged to hear his pleasant stories,His immeasurable falsehoods.

Very boastful was Iagoo;Never heard he an adventureBut himself had met a greater;Never any deed of daringBut himself had done a bolder;Never any marvellous storyBut himself could tell a stranger.

Would you listen to his boasting,Would you only give him credence,No one ever shot an arrowHalf so far and high as he had;Ever caught so many fishes,Ever killed so many reindeer,Ever trapped so many beaver!

None could run so fast as he could,None could dive so deep as he could,None could swim so far as he could;None had made so many journeys,None had seen so many wonders,As this wonderful Iagoo,As this marvellous story-teller!Thus his name became a by-wordAnd a jest among the people;And whene’er a boastful hunterPraised his own address too highly,Or a warrior, home returning,Talked too much of his achievements,All his hearers cried, “Iagoo!Here’s Iagoo come among us!”

He it was who carved the cradleOf the little Hiawatha,Carved its framework out of linden,Bound it strong with reindeer sinews;He it was who taught him laterHow to make his bows and arrows,How to make the bows of ash-tree,And the arrows of the oak-tree.So among the guests assembledAt my Hiawatha’s weddingSat Iagoo, old and ugly,Sat the marvellous story-teller.

And they said, “O good Iagoo,Tell us now a tale of wonder,Tell us of some strange adventure,That the feast may be more joyous,That the time may pass more gayly,And our guests be more contented!”

And Iagoo answered straightway,“You shall hear a tale of wonder,You shall hear the strange adventuresOf Osseo, the Magician,From the Evening Star descending.”

Words in this poem 17
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
gayly adv.
With mirth and frolic; merrily; blithely; gleefully.
clad v.
To clothe. Holland.
wampum n.
Beads made of shells, used by the North American Indians as money, and also wrought into belts, etc., as an ornament. [North American Indian wampum, wompam, from the Mass. wómpi, Del. wape, white.]
haunch n.
The hip; the projecting region of the lateral parts of the pelvis and the hip joint; the hind part. [F. hanche, of German origin; cf. OD. hancke, hencke, and also OHG. ancha; prob. not akin to E. ankle.]
otter n.
Any carnivorous animal of the genus Lutra, and related genera. [OE. oter, AS. Otor; akin to D. & G. otter, Icel. otr, Dan. odder, Sw. utter, Lith. udra, Russ, vuidra, Gr. udra otter, and also to E. water. Water, and cf. Hydr]
gambler n.
One who gambles.
doeskin n.
The skin of the doe.
inwrought p. p.
Wrought or worked in or among other things; worked into any fabric so as to from a part of its texture; wrought or adorned, as with figures. [Pref. in- + wrought. Cf. Inwork.]
sunshine n.
The light of the sun, or the place where it shines; the direct rays of the sun, the place where they fall, or the warmth and light which they give.
swifter v. t.
To tighten, as slack standing rigging, by bringing the opposite shrouds nearer.
wigwam n.
An Indian cabin or hut, usually of a conical form, and made of a framework of poles covered with hides, bark, or mats; -- called also tepee. [Sometimes written also weekwam.] [From the Algonquin or Massachusetts Indian word wek, "his house," or "dwelling place;" with possessive and locative affixes, we-kou-om-ut, "in his (or their) ho]
went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
serenely adv.
In a serene manner; clearly.
cloudless a.
Without a cloud; clear; bright.
jest n.
A deed; an action; a gest. [OE. jeste, geste, deed, action, story, tale, OF. geste, LL. gesta, orig., exploits, neut. pl. from L. gestus, p. p. of gerere to bear, carry, accomplish, perfor]
straightway adv.
Immediately; without loss of time; without delay.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Hiawatha’s Wedding-Feast is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Song of Hiawatha, Project Gutenberg ebook #19; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Hiawatha’s Wedding-Feast, in The Song of Hiawatha (1855), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #19, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/longfellow-hiawatha/hiawatha-s-wedding-feast.html, id L04206.

Form and metre

Hiawatha’s Wedding-Feast is 240 lines in 32 stanzas. The metre is trochaic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 92%). 98% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 8.1 syllables. 159 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 14% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in trochaic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 2 ---A-A nokomis · wedding · wood · smoothlyA · bison · smoothlyA
  2. 7 --AA-- keewis · dances · usA · joyousA · gayly · contented
  3. 9 -A-BBA-------- pastimes · shoesA · play · hazardB · hazardB · countersA · stones · heart · shaugodaya · yenadizze · jesting · insults · maidens · keewis
  4. 10 -A--AA-A--- doeskin · ermineA · wampum · leggings · ermineA · skinA · embroidered · downA · foxes · feathers · other
  5. 11 --A-------A- yellow · vermilion · keewisA · tresses · woman's · plaited · grasses · assembled · singing · voices · keewisA · dances
  6. 12 --------AA-A measure · gesture · trees · sunshine · panther · swifter · circles · assembled · wigwamA · himA · together · himA
  7. 15 A---A---- chibiabosA · hiawatha · singers · musicians · chibiabosA · longing · joyous · gayly · contented
  8. 20 AA-- meA · theeA · sunshine · brightest
  9. 21 AA-- theeA · meA · branches · strawberries
  10. 25 AABB meA · meA · belovedB · belovedB
  11. 26 ------AA---- chibiabos · longing · boaster · teller · nokomis · musician · himA · himA · gestures · assembled · stories · falsehoods
  12. 29 AAA--B-------B- couldA · couldA · couldA · journeys · wonders · iagooB · teller · word · people · hunter · highly · returning · achievements · iagooB · us
  13. 30 ------AA---- cradle · hiawatha · linden · sinews · later · arrows · treeA · treeA · assembled · wedding · ugly · teller
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against trochaic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
You shall hear how Pau-Puk-Keewis,8········
How the handsome Yenadizze8··/˘····
Danced at Hiawatha’s wedding;8···˘/˘/˘
How the gentle Chibiabos,8··/˘····
He the sweetest of musicians,8··/˘·˘/˘
Sang his songs of love and longing;8······/˘
How Iagoo, the great boaster,8······/˘
He the marvellous story-teller,9·····/˘/˘
Told his tales of strange adventure,8·····˘/˘
That the feast might be more joyous,8······/˘
That the time might pass more gayly,8······/˘
And the guests be more contented.8·····˘/˘
Sumptuous was the feast Nokomis8/˘······
Made at Hiawatha’s wedding;8···˘/˘/˘
All the bowls were made of bass-wood,8········
White and polished very smoothly,8··/˘/˘/˘
All the spoons of horn of bison,8······/˘
Black and polished very smoothly.8··/˘/˘/˘
She had sent through all the village8······/˘
Messengers with wands of willow,8/˘˘···/·
As a sign of invitation,8·····˘/˘
As a token of the feasting;8··/˘··/˘
And the wedding guests assembled,8··/˘·˘/˘
Clad in all their richest raiment,8····/˘/˘
Robes of fur and belts of wampum,8······/˘
Splendid with their paint and plumage,8/˘····/˘
Beautiful with beads and tassels.8/˘˘···/˘
First they ate the sturgeon, Nahma,8····/˘··
And the pike, the Maskenozha,8········
Caught and cooked by old Nokomis;8········
Then on pemican they feasted,8······/˘
Pemican and buffalo marrow,9····/˘·/˘
Haunch of deer and hump of bison,8······/˘
Yellow cakes of the Mondamin,8/˘······
And the wild rice of the river.8······/˘
But the gracious Hiawatha,8··/˘·˘/˘
And the lovely Laughing Water,8··/˘/˘/˘
And the careful old Nokomis,8··/˘····
Tasted not the food before them,8/˘······
Only waited on the others8/˘/˘··/˘
Only served their guests in silence.8/˘····/˘
And when all the guests had finished,8······/˘
Old Nokomis, brisk and busy,8······/˘
From an ample pouch of otter,8··/˘··/˘
Filled the red-stone pipes for smoking8······/˘
With tobacco from the South-land,8·˘/·····
Mixed with bark of the red willow,8······/·
And with herbs and leaves of fragrance.8······/˘
Then she said, “O Pau-Puk-Keewis,8········
Dance for us your merry dances,8····/˘/˘
Dance the Beggar’s Dance to please us,8··/˘····
That the feast may be more joyous,8······/˘
That the time may pass more gayly,8······/˘
And our guests be more contented!”9·/˘···˘/˘
Then the handsome Pau-Puk-Keewis,8··/˘····
He the idle Yenadizze,8··/˘····
He the merry mischief-maker,8··/˘/˘/˘
Whom the people called the Storm-Fool,8··/˘····
Rose among the guests assembled.8·····˘/˘
Skilled was he in sports and pastimes,8······/·
In the merry dance of snow-shoes,8··/˘····
In the play of quoits and ball-play;8········
Skilled was he in games of hazard,8······/˘
In all games of skill and hazard,8······/˘
Pugasaing, the Bowl and Counters,8······/˘
Kuntassoo, the Game of Plum-stones.8········
Though the warriors called him Faint-Heart,8··/˘····
Called him coward, Shaugodaya,8··/˘····
Idler, gambler, Yenadizze,8/˘/˘····
Little heeded he their jesting,8/˘/˘··/˘
Little cared he for their insults,8/˘····/·
For the women and the maidens8··/˘··/˘
Loved the handsome Pau-Puk-Keewis.8··/˘····
He was dressed in shirt of doeskin,8······/˘
White and soft, and fringed with ermine,8······/˘
All inwrought with beads of wampum;8·˘/···/˘
He was dressed in deer-skin leggings,8······/˘
Fringed with hedgehog quills and ermine,8··/···/˘
And in moccasins of buck-skin,8··/˘˘···
Thick with quills and beads embroidered.8·····˘/˘
On his head were plumes of swan’s down,8········
On his heels were tails of foxes,8······/˘
In one hand a fan of feathers,8······/˘
And a pipe was in the other.8······/˘
Barred with streaks of red and yellow,8······/˘
Streaks of blue and bright vermilion,8·····˘/˘
Shone the face of Pau-Puk-Keewis.8········
From his forehead fell his tresses,8··/˘··/˘
Smooth, and parted like a woman’s,8··/˘··/˘
Shining bright with oil, and plaited,8/˘····/˘
Hung with braids of scented grasses,8····/˘/˘
As among the guests assembled,8·····˘/˘
To the sound of flutes and singing,8······/˘
To the sound of drums and voices,8······/˘
Rose the handsome Pau-Puk-Keewis,8··/˘····
And began his mystic dances.8·˘/·/˘/˘
First he danced a solemn measure,8····/˘/˘
Very slow in step and gesture,8/˘····/˘
In and out among the pine-trees,8········
Through the shadows and the sunshine,8··/···/·
Treading softly like a panther.8/˘/˘··/˘
Then more swiftly and still swifter,8··/˘··/˘
Whirling, spinning round in circles,8/˘/˘··/˘
Leaping o’er the guests assembled,8/˘···˘/˘
Eddying round and round the wigwam,9/˘˘····/˘
Till the leaves went whirling with him,8····/˘··
Till the dust and wind together8·····˘/˘
Swept in eddies round about him.8··/˘····
Then along the sandy margin8·˘/·/˘/˘
Of the lake, the Big-Sea-Water,8······/˘
On he sped with frenzied gestures,8····/˘/˘
Stamped upon the sand, and tossed it8········
Wildly in the air around him;8/˘······
Till the wind became a whirlwind,8···˘/·/·
Till the sand was blown and sifted8······/˘
Like great snowdrifts o’er the landscape,8······/·
Heaping all the shores with Sand Dunes,8/˘······
Sand Hills of the Nagow Wudjoo!8········
Thus the merry Pau-Puk-Keewis8··/˘····
Danced his Beggar’s Dance to please them,8··/˘····
And, returning, sat down laughing8·˘/˘··/˘
There among the guests assembled,8·····˘/˘
Sat and fanned himself serenely9···˘/˘/˘˘
With his fan of turkey-feathers.8····/˘/˘
Then they said to Chibiabos,8········
To the friend of Hiawatha,8·····˘/˘
To the sweetest of all singers,8··/˘··/˘
To the best of all musicians,8·····˘/˘
“Sing to us, O Chibiabos!8········
Songs of love and songs of longing,8······/˘
That the feast may be more joyous,8······/˘
That the time may pass more gayly,8······/˘
And our guests be more contented!”9·/˘···˘/˘
And the gentle Chibiabos8··/˘····
Sang in accents sweet and tender,8··/˘··/˘
Sang in tones of deep emotion,8·····˘/˘
Songs of love and songs of longing;8······/˘
Looking still at Hiawatha,8/˘···˘/˘
Looking at fair Laughing Water,8/˘··/˘/˘
Sang he softly, sang in this wise:8··/˘····
“Onaway! Awake, beloved!8···˘/˘/˘
Thou the wild-flower of the forest!9···/˘··/˘
Thou the wild-bird of the prairie!8······/˘
Thou with eyes so soft and fawn-like!8········
“If thou only lookest at me,8··/˘/˘··
I am happy, I am happy,8··/˘··/˘
As the lilies of the prairie,8··/˘··/˘
When they feel the dew upon them!8········
“Sweet thy breath is as the fragrance8······/˘
Of the wild-flowers in the morning,9···/˘··/˘
As their fragrance is at evening,8··/˘··/˘
In the Moon when leaves are falling.8······/˘
“Does not all the blood within me8········
Leap to meet thee, leap to meet thee,8········
As the springs to meet the sunshine,8······/·
In the Moon when nights are brightest?8······/˘
“Onaway! my heart sings to thee,8········
Sings with joy when thou art near me,8········
As the sighing, singing branches8··/˘/˘/˘
In the pleasant Moon of Strawberries!9··/˘··/·˘
“When thou art not pleased, beloved,8·····˘˘/
Then my heart is sad and darkened,8······/˘
As the shining river darkens8··/˘/˘/˘
When the clouds drop shadows on it!8····/···
“When thou smilest, my beloved,8··/˘·˘/˘
Then my troubled heart is brightened,8··/˘··/˘
As in sunshine gleam the ripples8··/···/˘
That the cold wind makes in rivers.8······/˘
“Smiles the earth, and smile the waters,8······/˘
Smile the cloudless skies above us,8··/˘····
But I lose the way of smiling8······/˘
When thou art no longer near me!8····/˘··
“I myself, myself! behold me!8··/·/˘/·
Blood of my beating heart, behold me!9···/˘·˘/·
Oh awake, awake, beloved!8·˘/˘/˘/˘
Onaway! awake, beloved!”8···˘/˘/˘
Thus the gentle Chibiabos8··/˘····
Sang his song of love and longing;8······/˘
And Iagoo, the great boaster,8······/˘
He the marvellous story-teller,9·····/˘/˘
He the friend of old Nokomis,8········
Jealous of the sweet musician,8/˘···˘/˘
Jealous of the applause they gave him,9/˘··˘/···
Saw in all the eyes around him,8········
Saw in all their looks and gestures,8······/˘
That the wedding guests assembled8··/˘·˘/˘
Longed to hear his pleasant stories,8····/˘/˘
His immeasurable falsehoods.8·˘/˘·˘/·
Very boastful was Iagoo;8/˘/˘····
Never heard he an adventure8/˘···˘/˘
But himself had met a greater;8·˘/···/˘
Never any deed of daring8/˘/˘··/˘
But himself had done a bolder;8·˘/···/˘
Never any marvellous story9/˘/˘···/˘
But himself could tell a stranger.8·˘/···/˘
Would you listen to his boasting,8··/˘··/˘
Would you only give him credence,8··/˘··/˘
No one ever shot an arrow8··/˘··/˘
Half so far and high as he had;8········
Ever caught so many fishes,8/˘··/˘/˘
Ever killed so many reindeer,8/˘··/˘/·
Ever trapped so many beaver!8/˘··/˘/˘
None could run so fast as he could,8········
None could dive so deep as he could,8········
None could swim so far as he could;8········
None had made so many journeys,8····/˘/˘
None had seen so many wonders,8····/˘/˘
As this wonderful Iagoo,8··/˘˘···
As this marvellous story-teller!9·····/˘/˘
Thus his name became a by-word8···˘/···
And a jest among the people;8······/˘
And whene’er a boastful hunter9·····/˘/˘
Praised his own address too highly,8···˘/·/˘
Or a warrior, home returning,9··/˘˘·˘/˘
Talked too much of his achievements,8·····˘/˘
All his hearers cried, “Iagoo!8··/˘····
Here’s Iagoo come among us!”8········
He it was who carved the cradle8······/˘
Of the little Hiawatha,8··/˘·˘/˘
Carved its framework out of linden,8··/···/˘
Bound it strong with reindeer sinews;8····/···
He it was who taught him later8······/˘
How to make his bows and arrows,8······/˘
How to make the bows of ash-tree,8········
And the arrows of the oak-tree.8··/˘····
So among the guests assembled8·····˘/˘
At my Hiawatha’s wedding8···˘/˘/˘
Sat Iagoo, old and ugly,8······/˘
Sat the marvellous story-teller.9·····/˘/˘
And they said, “O good Iagoo,8········
Tell us now a tale of wonder,8······/˘
Tell us of some strange adventure,8·····˘/˘
That the feast may be more joyous,8······/˘
That the time may pass more gayly,8······/˘
And our guests be more contented!”9·/˘···˘/˘
And Iagoo answered straightway,8····/˘/˘
“You shall hear a tale of wonder,8······/˘
You shall hear the strange adventures8·····˘/˘
Of Osseo, the Magician,8·····˘/˘
From the Evening Star descending.”8··/˘·˘/˘
Notes from the edition 5

Longfellow's own Vocabulary to The Song of Hiawatha (Project Gutenberg #19), placed at each word's first occurrence in the poem.

  1. Stanza 1, line 1 Pau-Puk-Kee’wis, the handsome Yenadizze, the son of Storm Fool
  2. Stanza 4, line 4 Pem’ican, meat of the deer or buffalo dried and pounded
  3. Stanza 13, line 10 Na’gow Wudj’oo, the Sand Dunes of Lake Superior
  4. Stanza 21, line 4 Moon of Strawberries, June
  5. Stanza 32, line 4 Osse’o, Son of the Evening Star

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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