Square in Front of the Cathedral

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807–1882) · 1872

119 lines · from Christus: A Mystery

This is the day, when from the deadOur Lord arose; and everywhere,Out of their darkness and despair,Triumphant over fears and foes,The hearts of his disciples rose,When to the women, standing near,The Angel in shining vesture said,"The Lord is risen; he is not here!"And, mindful that the day is come,On all the hearths in ChristendomThe fires are quenched, to be againRekindled from the sun, that highIs dancing in the cloudless sky.The churches are all decked with flowers,The salutations among menAre but the Angel's words divine,"Christ is arisen!" and the bellsCatch the glad murmur, as it swells,And chant together in their towers.All hearts are glad; and free from careThe faces of the people shine.See what a crowd is in the square,Gayly and gallantly arrayed!

ELSIE.Let us go back; I am afraid!

Nay, let us mount the church-steps here,Under the doorway's sacred shadow;We can see all things, and be freerFrom the crowd that madly heaves and presses!

ELSIE.What a gay pageant! what bright dresses!It looks like a flower-besprinkled meadow.What is that yonder on the square?

A pulpit in the open air,And a Friar, who is preaching to the crowdIn a voice so deep and clear and loud,That, if we listen, and give heed,His lowest words will reach the ear.

FRIAR CUTHBERT, gesticulating and cracking a postilion's whip.What ho! good people! do you not hear?Dashing along at the top of his speed,Booted and spurred, on his jaded steed,A courier comes with words of cheer.Courier! what is the news, I pray?"Christ is arisen!" Whence come you? "From court."Then I do not believe it; you say it in sport.

Ah, here comes another, riding this way;We soon shall know what he has to say.Courier! what are the tidings to-day?"Christ is arisen!" Whence come you? "From town."Then I do not believe it; away with you, clown.

And here comes a third, who is spurring amain;What news do you bring, with your loose-hanging rein,Your spurs wet with blood, and your bridle with foam?"Christ is arisen!" Whence come you? "From Rome."Ah, now I believe. He is risen, indeed.Ride on with the news, at the top of your speed!

To come back to my text! When the news was first spreadThat Christ was arisen indeed from the dead,Very great was the joy of the angels in heaven;And as great the dispute as to who should carryThe tidings thereof to the Virgin Mary,Pierced to the heart with sorrows seven.Old Father Adam was first to propose,As being the author of all our woes;But he was refused, for fear, said they,He would stop to eat apples on the way!Abel came next, but petitioned in vain,Because he might meet with his brother Cain!Noah, too, was refused, lest his weakness for wineShould delay him at every tavern-sign;And John the Baptist could not get a vote,On account of his old-fashioned camel's-hair coat;And the Penitent Thief, who died on the cross,Was reminded that all his bones were broken!Till at last, when each in turn had spoken,The company being still at loss,The Angel, who rolled away the stone,Was sent to the sepulchre, all alone.And filled with glory that gloomy prison,And said to the Virgin, "The Lord is arisen!"

But hark! the bells are beginning to chime;And I feel that I am growing hoarse.I will put an end to my discourse,And leave the rest for some other time.For the bells themselves are the best of preachers;Their brazen lips are learned teachers,From their pulpits of stone, in the upper air,Sounding aloft, without crack or flaw,Shriller than trumpets under the Law,Now a sermon, and now a prayer.The clangorous hammer is the tongue,This way, that way, beaten and swung,That from mouth of brass, as from Month of Gold,May be taught the Testaments, New and Old,And above it the great cross-beam of woodRepresenteth the Holy Rood,Upon which, like the bell, our hopes are hung.And the wheel wherewith it is swayed and rungIs the mind of man, that round and roundSways, and maketh the tongue to sound!And the rope, with its twisted cordage three,Denoteth the Scriptural TrinityOf Morals, and Symbols, and History;And the upward and downward motion showThat we touch upon matters high and low;And the constant change and transmutationOf action and of contemplation,Downward, the Scripture brought from on high,Upward, exalted again to the sky;Downward, the literal interpretation,Upward, the Vision and Mystery!

And now, my hearers, to make an end,I have only one word more to say;In the church, in honor of Easter dayWill be presented a Miracle Play;And I hope you will have the grace to attend.Christ bring us at last to his felicity!Pax vobiscum! et Benedicite!

Words in this poem 24
mindful a.
Bearing in mind; regardful; attentive; heedful; observant.
christendom n.
The profession of faith in Christ by baptism; hence, the Christian religion, or the adoption of it. [AS. cristend; cristen a Christian + -dom.]
cloudless a.
Without a cloud; clear; bright.
gayly adv.
With mirth and frolic; merrily; blithely; gleefully.
gallantly adv.
In a polite or courtly manner; like a gallant or wooer.
freer n.
One who frees, or sets free.
madly adv.
In a mad manner; without reason or understanding; wildly. [From Mad, a.]
heaves n.
A disease of horses, characterized by difficult breathing, with heaving of the flank, wheezing, flatulency, and a peculiar cough; broken wind.
pageant n.
A theatrical exhibition; a spectacle. [OE. pagent, pagen, originally, a movable scaffold or stage, hence, what was exhibited on it, fr. LL. pagina, akin to pangere to fasten; cf. L. pagina page, leaf]
yonder adv.
At a distance, but within view. [OE. yonder, ýonder; cf. OD. ginder, Goth. jaindr there. Yond, adv.]
booted a.
Wearing boots, especially boots with long tops, as for riding; as, a booted squire.
steed n.
A horse, especially a spirited horse for state of war; -- used chiefly in poetry or stately prose. [OE. stede, AS. steda a stud-horse, war horse, fr. stod a stud of breeding steeds; akin to G. stute a mare, Icel. stedda, sto, a stud. *163. See Stud of horses.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
amain adv.
With might; with full force; vigorously; violently; exceedingly. [Pref. a- + main. See 2d Main, n.]
propose v. i.
To speak; to converse.
sepulchre n.
The place in which the dead body of a human being is interred, or a place set apart for that purpose; a grave; a tomb. [OE. sepulcre, OF. sepulcre, F. sépulcre, fr. L. sepulcrum, sepulchrum, fr. sepelire to bury.]
chime n.
The harmonious sound of bells, or of musical instruments. [OE. chimbe, prop., cymbal, OF. cymbe, cymble, in a dialectic form, chymble, F. cymbale, L. cymbalum, fr. Gr. Cymbal.]
trumpets n.
A plant (Sarracenia flava) with long, hollow leaves.
sermon n.
A discourse or address; a talk; a writing; as, the sermens of Chaucer. [OE. sermoun, sermun, F. sermon, fr. L. sermo, - onis, a speaking, discourse, probably fr. serer, sertum, to join, connect; hence, a connected speech. See Series]
clangorous a.
Making a clangor; having a ringing, metallic sound. [LL. clangorosus.]
rood n.
A representation in sculpture or in painting of the cross with Christ hanging on it. [AS. rr, D. roede rod, G. ruthe, rute, OHG. ruota. CF. Rod a measure.]
wherewith adv.
With which; -- used relatively.
swayed a.
Bent down, and hollow in the back; sway-backed; -- said of a horse.
rung n.
A floor timber in a ship. [OE. ronge, AS. hrung, a staff, rod, pole; akin to G. runge a short, thick piece of iron or wood, OD. ronghe a prop, support, Icel. röng a rib in a ship, Goth. H]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Square in Front of the Cathedral is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Complete Poetical Works of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Project Gutenberg ebook #1365; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Square in Front of the Cathedral, in Christus: A Mystery (1872), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #1365, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/longfellow-christus/square-in-front-of-the-cathedral.html, id L19203.

Form and metre

Square in Front of the Cathedral is 119 lines in 11 stanzas.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABBCCDADEEFGGHFIJJHBIB- deadA · everywhereB · despairB · foesC · roseC · nearD · saidA · hereD · comeE · christendomE · againF · highG · skyG · flowersH · menF · divineI · bellsJ · swellsJ · towersH · careB · shineI · squareB · arrayed
  2. 5 ABB-A airA · crowdB · loudB · heed · earA
  3. 6 -ABBA-CC whip · hearA · speedB · steedB · cheerA · pray · courtC · sportC
  4. 7 AAABB wayA · sayA · dayA · townB · clownB
  5. 8 AABBCC amainA · reinA · foamB · romeB · indeedC · speedC
  6. 9 AABCCBDDEEFFGGHHIJJIKKLL spreadA · deadA · heavenB · carryC · maryC · sevenB · proposeD · woesD · theyE · wayE · vainF · cainF · wineG · signG · voteH · coatH · crossI · brokenJ · spokenJ · lossI · stoneK · aloneK · prisonL · arisenL
  7. 10 ABBACCDEEDFFGG--HHII---JJKKLLK- chimeA · hoarseB · discourseB · timeA · preachersC · teachersC · airD · flawE · lawE · prayerD · tongueF · swungF · goldG · oldG · wood · rood · hungH · rungH · roundI · soundI · three · trinity · history · showJ · lowJ · transmutationK · contemplationK · highL · skyL · interpretationK · mystery
  8. 11 ABBBA-- endA · sayB · dayB · playB · attendA · felicity · benedicite
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
This is the day, when from the dead8········
Our Lord arose; and everywhere,9/˘·˘/·/˘·
Out of their darkness and despair,8···/˘·˘/
Triumphant over fears and foes,8˘/˘·····
The hearts of his disciples rose,8····˘/˘·
When to the women, standing near,8···/˘/˘·
The Angel in shining vesture said,9·/˘·/˘/˘·
"The Lord is risen; he is not here!"9···/˘····
And, mindful that the day is come,8·/˘·····
On all the hearths in Christendom8·····/˘˘
The fires are quenched, to be again10·/˘··˘··˘/
Rekindled from the sun, that high9˘/˘˘·····
Is dancing in the cloudless sky.8·/˘··/˘·
The churches are all decked with flowers,10·/˘···˘·/˘
The salutations among men8········
Are but the Angel's words divine,8···/˘·˘/
"Christ is arisen!" and the bells8··˘/˘···
Catch the glad murmur, as it swells,8···/˘···
And chant together in their towers.9··˘/˘··/˘
All hearts are glad; and free from care8········
The faces of the people shine.8·/˘··/˘·
See what a crowd is in the square,8········
Gayly and gallantly arrayed!9/˘·/˘˘˘/˘
ELSIE.2
Let us go back; I am afraid!8······˘/
Nay, let us mount the church-steps here,8········
Under the doorway's sacred shadow;10···/·/˘˘/·
We can see all things, and be freer9·······/˘
From the crowd that madly heaves and presses!10····/˘··/˘
ELSIE.2
What a gay pageant! what bright dresses!9···/˘··/˘
It looks like a flower-besprinkled meadow.10····/˘··/·
What is that yonder on the square?8···/˘···
A pulpit in the open air,8·/˘··/˘·
And a Friar, who is preaching to the crowd10··/··/˘···
In a voice so deep and clear and loud,9·········
That, if we listen, and give heed,8···/˘···
His lowest words will reach the ear.8·/˘·····
FRIAR CUTHBERT, gesticulating and cracking a postilion's whip.16//˘······/˘·····
What ho! good people! do you not hear?9···/˘····
Dashing along at the top of his speed,10/˘˘/······
Booted and spurred, on his jaded steed,10/˘··˘··/˘·
A courier comes with words of cheer.9·/˘˘·····
Courier! what is the news, I pray?9/˘˘······
"Christ is arisen!" Whence come you? "From court."10··˘/˘·····
Then I do not believe it; you say it in sport.12····˘/······
Ah, here comes another, riding this way;10···˘/˘/˘··
We soon shall know what he has to say.9·········
Courier! what are the tidings to-day?10/˘˘···/˘··
"Christ is arisen!" Whence come you? "From town."10··˘/˘·····
Then I do not believe it; away with you, clown.12····˘/·˘/···
And here comes a third, who is spurring amain;11·······/˘˘/
What news do you bring, with your loose-hanging rein,11········/˘·
Your spurs wet with blood, and your bridle with foam?11·······/˘··
"Christ is arisen!" Whence come you? "From Rome."10··˘/˘·····
Ah, now I believe. He is risen, indeed.11···˘/··/˘˘/
Ride on with the news, at the top of your speed!11···········
To come back to my text! When the news was first spread12············
That Christ was arisen indeed from the dead,11···˘/˘˘/···
Very great was the joy of the angels in heaven;12/˘······/˘·/
And as great the dispute as to who should carry12····˘/····/˘
The tidings thereof to the Virgin Mary,11·/˘····/˘/˘
Pierced to the heart with sorrows seven.10·˘····/˘/˘
Old Father Adam was first to propose,10·/˘/˘···˘/
As being the author of all our woes;10·/·/˘··/˘·
But he was refused, for fear, said they,10···˘/˘····
He would stop to eat apples on the way!10·····/˘···
Abel came next, but petitioned in vain,10/˘···˘/˘··
Because he might meet with his brother Cain!10·······/˘·
Noah, too, was refused, lest his weakness for wine12/˘··˘/··/˘··
Should delay him at every tavern-sign;10·˘/··/˘/˘·
And John the Baptist could not get a vote,10···/˘·····
On account of his old-fashioned camel's-hair coat;12·˘/···/˘/˘··
And the Penitent Thief, who died on the cross,10··/˘······
Was reminded that all his bones were broken!11·˘/˘·····/˘
Till at last, when each in turn had spoken,10········/˘
The company being still at loss,9·/˘˘/˘···
The Angel, who rolled away the stone,10·/˘··˘˘/··
Was sent to the sepulchre, all alone.9·······˘/
And filled with glory that gloomy prison,10···/˘·/˘/˘
And said to the Virgin, "The Lord is arisen!"12····/˘···˘/˘
But hark! the bells are beginning to chime;10·····˘/˘··
And I feel that I am growing hoarse.9······/˘·
I will put an end to my discourse,9·······/˘
And leave the rest for some other time.9······/˘·
For the bells themselves are the best of preachers;11···˘/····/˘
Their brazen lips are learned teachers,9·/˘···˘/˘
From their pulpits of stone, in the upper air,11··/˘····/˘·
Sounding aloft, without crack or flaw,9/˘˘/·····
Shriller than trumpets under the Law,9···/˘····
Now a sermon, and now a prayer.8··/˘····
The clangorous hammer is the tongue,9·/˘˘/˘···
This way, that way, beaten and swung,8····/˘··
That from mouth of brass, as from Month of Gold,10··········
May be taught the Testaments, New and Old,10····/˘˘···
And above it the great cross-beam of wood10··········
Representeth the Holy Rood,8·˘/˘·/˘·
Upon which, like the bell, our hopes are hung.10······/···
And the wheel wherewith it is swayed and rung10···˘/·····
Is the mind of man, that round and round9·········
Sways, and maketh the tongue to sound!8········
And the rope, with its twisted cordage three,10·····/˘/˘·
Denoteth the Scriptural Trinity10˘/˘·/˘˘/˘˘
Of Morals, and Symbols, and History;10·/˘·/˘·/˘˘
And the upward and downward motion show10··/˘·/˘/˘·
That we touch upon matters high and low;10·····/˘···
And the constant change and transmutation10··/˘······
Of action and of contemplation,9·/˘···˘/˘
Downward, the Scripture brought from on high,9/˘·/˘····
Upward, exalted again to the sky;10/˘˘/˘˘/···
Downward, the literal interpretation,11/˘·/˘˘˘·˘/˘
Upward, the Vision and Mystery!9/˘·/˘·/˘˘
And now, my hearers, to make an end,9···/˘····
I have only one word more to say;9··/˘·····
In the church, in honor of Easter day10····/˘·/˘·
Will be presented a Miracle Play;10··˘/˘·/˘˘·
And I hope you will have the grace to attend.11·········˘/
Christ bring us at last to his felicity!11·······˘/˘˘
Pax vobiscum! et Benedicite!9·········

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