A Covered Bridge at Lucerne

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807–1882) · 1872

101 lines · from Christus: A Mystery

God's blessing on the architects who buildThe bridges o'er swift rivers and abyssesBefore impassable to human feet,No less than on the builders of cathedrals,Whose massive walls are bridges thrown acrossThe dark and terrible abyss of Death.Well has the name of Pontifex been givenUnto the Church's head, as the chief builderAnd architect of the invisible bridgeThat leads from earth to heaven.

ELSIE.How dark it grows!What are these paintings on the walls around us?

The Dance Macaber!

ELSIE.What?

The Dance of Death!All that go to and fro must look upon it,Mindful of what they shall be, while beneath,Among the wooden piles, the turbulent riverRushes, impetuous as the river of life,With dimpling eddies, ever green and bright,Save where the shadow of this bridge falls on it.

ELSIE.Oh yes! I see it now!

The grim musicianLeads all men through the mazes of that dance,To different sounds in different measures moving;Sometimes he plays a lute, sometimes a drum,To tempt or terrify.

ELSIE.What is this picture?

It is a young man singing to a nun,Who kneels at her devotions, but in kneelingTurns round to look at him; and Death, meanwhile,Is putting out the candles on the altar!

ELSIE.Ah, what a pity 't is that she should listenUnto such songs, when in her orisonsShe might have heard in heaven the angels singing!

Here he has stolen a jester's cap and bellsAnd dances with the Queen.

ELSIE.A foolish jest!

And here the heart of the new-wedded wife,Coming from church with her beloved lord,He startles with the rattle of his drum.

ELSIE.Ah, that is sad! And yet perhaps 't is bestThat she should die, with all the sunshine on her,And all the benedictions of the morning,Before this affluence of golden lightShall fade into a cold and clouded gray,Then into darkness!

Under it is written,"Nothing but death shall separate thee and me!"

ELSIE.And what is this, that follows close upon it?

Death playing on a dulcimer. Behind him,A poor old woman, with a rosary,Follows the sound, and seems to wish her feetWere swifter to o'ertake him. Underneath,The inscription reads, "Better is Death than Life."

ELSIE.Better is Death than Life! Ah yes! to thousandsDeath plays upon a dulcimer, and singsThat song of consolation, till the airRings with it, and they cannot choose but followWhither he leads. And not the old alone,But the young also hear it, and are still.

Yes, in their sadder moments. 'T is the soundOf their own hearts they hear, half full of tears,Which are like crystal cups, half filled with water,Responding to the pressure of a fingerWith music sweet and low and melancholy.Let us go forward, and no longer stayIn this great picture-gallery of Death!I hate it! ay, the very thought of it!

ELSIE.Why is it hateful to you?

For the reasonThat life, and all that speaks of life, is lovely,And death, and all that speaks of death, is hateful.

ELSIE.The grave itself is but a covered bridge,Leading from light to light, through a brief darkness!

PRINCE HENRY, emerging from the bridge.I breathe again more freely! Ah, how pleasantTo come once more into the light of day,Out of that shadow of death! To hear againThe hoof-beats of our horses on firm ground,And not upon those hollow planks, resoundingWith a sepulchral echo, like the clodsOn coffins in a churchyard! Yonder liesThe Lake of the Four Forest-Towns, apparelledIn light, and lingering, like a village maiden,Hid in the bosom of her native mountainsThen pouring all her life into another's,Changing her name and being! Overhead,Shaking his cloudy tresses loose in air,Rises Pilatus, with his windy pines.

Words in this poem

pontifex n.
A high priest; a pontiff. [L.]
mindful a.
Bearing in mind; regardful; attentive; heedful; observant.
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
terrify v. t.
To make terrible. [L. terrere to frighten + -fy: cf. F. terrifier, L. terrificare. See Terrific, and -fy.]
meanwhile n.
The intervening time; as, in the meantime (or mean time).
jest n.
A deed; an action; a gest. [OE. jeste, geste, deed, action, story, tale, OF. geste, LL. gesta, orig., exploits, neut. pl. from L. gestus, p. p. of gerere to bear, carry, accomplish, perfor]
sunshine n.
The light of the sun, or the place where it shines; the direct rays of the sun, the place where they fall, or the warmth and light which they give.
affluence n.
A flowing to or towards; a concourse; an influx. [F. affluence, L. affluentia, fr. affluens, p. pr. of affluere to flow to; ad + fluere to flow. See Flux.]
rosary n.
A bed of roses, or place where roses grow. [LL. rosarium a string of beads, L. rosarium a place planted with roses, rosa a rose: cf. F. rosaire. See Rose.]
swifter v. t.
To tighten, as slack standing rigging, by bringing the opposite shrouds nearer.
whither adv.
To what place; -- used interrogatively; as, whither goest thou [OE. whider. AS. hwider; akin to E. where, who; cf. Goth. hvadre whither. See Who, and cf. Hither, Thither.]
hateful a.
Manifesting hate or hatred; malignant; malevolent.
churchyard n.
The ground adjoining a church, in which the dead are buried; a cemetery.
yonder adv.
At a distance, but within view. [OE. yonder, ýonder; cf. OD. ginder, Goth. jaindr there. Yond, adv.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

A Covered Bridge at Lucerne is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Complete Poetical Works of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Project Gutenberg ebook #1365; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, A Covered Bridge at Lucerne, in Christus: A Mystery (1872), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #1365, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/longfellow-christus/a-covered-bridge-at-lucerne.html, id L19210.

Form and metre

A Covered Bridge at Lucerne is 101 lines in 23 stanzas.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 5 -A----A death · itA · beneath · river · life · bright · itA
  2. 23 -------A--BA--B bridge · pleasant · day · again · ground · resounding · clods · liesA · apparelled · maiden · mountainsB · another'sA · overhead · air · pinesB
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
God's blessing on the architects who build10·/˘··/˘···
The bridges o'er swift rivers and abysses11·/˘··/˘·˘/˘
Before impassable to human feet,10··˘/˘˘·/˘·
No less than on the builders of cathedrals,11·····/˘·˘/˘
Whose massive walls are bridges thrown across10·/˘··/˘·˘/
The dark and terrible abyss of Death.10···/˘˘˘/··
Well has the name of Pontifex been given11·····/˘˘·/˘
Unto the Church's head, as the chief builder11···/˘····/˘
And architect of the invisible bridge10·/˘···˘/˘·
That leads from earth to heaven.7·····/˘
ELSIE.2
How dark it grows!4····
What are these paintings on the walls around us?11···/˘······
The Dance Macaber!5·····
ELSIE.2
What?1·
The Dance of Death!4····
All that go to and fro must look upon it,11···········
Mindful of what they shall be, while beneath,10/˘········
Among the wooden piles, the turbulent river11···/˘··/˘/˘
Rushes, impetuous as the river of life,11/˘˘/˘··/˘··
With dimpling eddies, ever green and bright,10·/˘˘/˘/···
Save where the shadow of this bridge falls on it.11···/·······
ELSIE.2
Oh yes! I see it now!6······
The grim musician5··˘/˘
Leads all men through the mazes of that dance,10·····/˘···
To different sounds in different measures moving;11·/˘··/˘/˘/˘
Sometimes he plays a lute, sometimes a drum,10˘/····˘/··
To tempt or terrify.6···/˘·
ELSIE.2
What is this picture?5···/˘
It is a young man singing to a nun,10·····/˘···
Who kneels at her devotions, but in kneeling11····˘/˘··/˘
Turns round to look at him; and Death, meanwhile,10········/·
Is putting out the candles on the altar!11·/˘··/˘··/˘
ELSIE.2
Ah, what a pity 't is that she should listen12···/˘·····/˘
Unto such songs, when in her orisons10··········
She might have heard in heaven the angels singing!11·····/·/˘/˘
Here he has stolen a jester's cap and bells11···/˘·/˘···
And dances with the Queen.6·/˘···
ELSIE.2
A foolish jest!4·/˘·
And here the heart of the new-wedded wife,10·······/˘·
Coming from church with her beloved lord,10/˘····˘/˘·
He startles with the rattle of his drum.10·/˘··/˘···
ELSIE.2
Ah, that is sad! And yet perhaps 't is best11······˘/···
That she should die, with all the sunshine on her,11·······/···
And all the benedictions of the morning,11····˘/˘··/˘
Before this affluence of golden light10···/˘˘·/˘·
Shall fade into a cold and clouded gray,10·······/˘·
Then into darkness!5···/˘
Under it is written,6····/˘
"Nothing but death shall separate thee and me!"11/˘···/˘˘···
ELSIE.2
And what is this, that follows close upon it?11·····/˘····
Death playing on a dulcimer. Behind him,10·/˘··/˘···
A poor old woman, with a rosary,10···/˘··/˘˘
Follows the sound, and seems to wish her feet10/˘········
Were swifter to o'ertake him. Underneath,10·/˘·····˘/
The inscription reads, "Better is Death than Life."11·˘/˘·/˘····
ELSIE.2
Better is Death than Life! Ah yes! to thousands11/˘·······/˘
Death plays upon a dulcimer, and sings10·····/˘˘··
That song of consolation, till the air10····˘/˘···
Rings with it, and they cannot choose but follow11·····/˘··/˘
Whither he leads. And not the old alone,10/˘······˘/
But the young also hear it, and are still.10···/˘·····
Yes, in their sadder moments. 'T is the sound11···/˘/˘····
Of their own hearts they hear, half full of tears,10··········
Which are like crystal cups, half filled with water,11···/˘····/˘
Responding to the pressure of a finger11˘/˘··/˘··/˘
With music sweet and low and melancholy.11·/˘····/˘·˘
Let us go forward, and no longer stay10···/˘··/˘·
In this great picture-gallery of Death!10···/˘/˘˘··
I hate it! ay, the very thought of it!10·····/˘···
ELSIE.2
Why is it hateful to you?7···/˘··
For the reason4··/˘
That life, and all that speaks of life, is lovely,11·········/˘
And death, and all that speaks of death, is hateful.11·········/˘
ELSIE.2
The grave itself is but a covered bridge,10··˘/···/˘·
Leading from light to light, through a brief darkness!11/˘·······/˘
PRINCE HENRY, emerging from the bridge.9·/˘/˘˘···
I breathe again more freely! Ah, how pleasant11··˘/·/˘··/˘
To come once more into the light of day,10··········
Out of that shadow of death! To hear again11···/·····˘/
The hoof-beats of our horses on firm ground,10····//˘···
And not upon those hollow planks, resounding11·····/˘·˘/˘
With a sepulchral echo, like the clods10··˘/˘/˘···
On coffins in a churchyard! Yonder lies10·/˘··/·/˘·
The Lake of the Four Forest-Towns, apparelled11·····/˘·˘/˘
In light, and lingering, like a village maiden,11···/˘··/˘/˘
Hid in the bosom of her native mountains11···/˘··/˘/˘
Then pouring all her life into another's,11·/˘·····˘/˘
Changing her name and being! Overhead,10/˘···/˘/˘/
Shaking his cloudy tresses loose in air,10/˘·/˘/˘···
Rises Pilatus, with his windy pines.10/˘˘/˘··/˘·

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