Nirvana
Through seas of dreams and seas of phantasies,Through seas of solitudes and vacancies,And through my Self, the deepest of the seas,I strive to thee, Nirvana.
Oh long ago the billow-flow of sense,Aroused by passion's windy vehemence,Upbore me out of depths to heights intense,But not to thee, Nirvana.
By waves swept on, I learned to ride the waves.I served my masters till I made them slaves.I baffled Death by hiding in his graves,His watery graves, Nirvana.
And once I clomb a mountain's stony crownAnd stood, and smiled no smile and frowned no frown,Nor ate, nor drank, nor slept, nor faltered down,Five days and nights, Nirvana.
Sunrise and noon and sunset and strange nightAnd shadow of large clouds and faint starlightAnd lonesome Terror stalking round the height,I minded not, Nirvana.
The silence ground my soul keen like a spear.My bare thought, whetted as a sword, cut sheerThrough time and life and flesh and death, to clearMy way unto Nirvana.
I slew gross bodies of old ethnic hatesThat stirred long race-wars betwixt States and States.I stood and scorned these foolish dead debates,Calmly, calmly, Nirvana.
I smote away the filmy base of Caste.I thrust through antique blood and riches vast,And all big claims of the pretentious PastThat hindered my Nirvana.
Then all fair types, of form and sound and hue,Up-floated round my sense and charmed anew.-- I waved them back into the void blue:I love them not, Nirvana.
And all outrageous ugliness of time,Excess and Blasphemy and squinting CrimeBeset me, but I kept my calm sublime:I hate them not, Nirvana.
High on the topmost thrilling of the surgeI saw, afar, two hosts to battle urge.The widows of the victors sang a dirge,But I wept not, Nirvana.
I saw two lovers sitting on a star.He kissed her lip, she kissed his battle-scar.They quarrelled soon, and went two ways, afar.O Life! I laughed, Nirvana.
And never a king but had some king above,And never a law to right the wrongs of Love,And ever a fanged snake beneath a dove,Saw I on earth, Nirvana.
But I, with kingship over kings, am free.I love not, hate not: right and wrong agree:And fangs of snakes and lures of doves to meAre vain, are vain, Nirvana.
So by mine inner contemplation long,By thoughts that need no speech nor oath nor song,My spirit soars above the motley throngOf days and nights, Nirvana.
O Suns, O Rains, O Day and Night, O Chance,O Time besprent with seven-hued circumstance,I float above ye all into the tranceThat draws me nigh Nirvana.
Gods of small worlds, ye little DeitiesOf humble Heavens under my large skies,And Governor-Spirits, all, I rise, I rise,I rise into Nirvana.
The storms of Self below me rage and die.On the still bosom of mine ecstasy,A lotus on a lake of balm, I lieForever in Nirvana.
Words in this poem 15
- drank n.
- Wild oats, or darnel grass. See Drake a plant. [Cf. 3d Drake.]
- starlight n.
- The light given by the stars.
- lonesome a.
- Secluded from society; not frequented by human beings; solitary.
- ethnic n.
- A heathen; a pagan.
- betwixt prep.
- In the space which separates; between. [OE. betwix, bitwix, rarely bitwixt, AS. betweox, betweohs, betweoh, betwih; pref. be- by + a form fr. AS. twa two. See Between.]
- filmy a.
- Composed of film or films.
- outrageous a.
- Of the nature of an outrage; exceeding the limits of right, reason, or decency; involving or doing an outrage; furious; violent; atrocious. [OF. outrageus, F. outrageux. See Outrage, n.]
- ugliness n.
- The quality or state of being ugly.
- thrilling a.
- Causing a thrill; causing tremulous excitement; deeply moving; as, a thrilling romance.
- afar adv.
- At, to, or from a great distance; far away; -- often used with from preceding, or off following; as, he was seen from afar; I saw him afar off. [Pref. a-.(for on or of) + far.]
- dirge n.
- A piece of music of a mournful character, to accompany funeral rites; a funeral hymn. [Contraction of Lat. dirige, direct thou (imperative of dirigere), the first word of a funeral hymn (Lat. transl. of Psalm v. 8) beginning, "Dirige, Domine, in c]
- went n.
- Course; way; path; journey; direction.
- fanged a.
- Having fangs or tusks; as, a fanged adder. Also used figuratively.
- kingship n.
- The state, office, or dignity of a king; royalty. Landor.
- besprent p. p.
- Sprinkled over; strewed. [OE. bespreynt, p. p. of besprengen, bisprengen, to besprinkle, AS. besprengan, akin to D. & G. besprengen; pref. be- + sprengan to sprinkle. See Sprinkle.]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
Nirvana is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poems of Sidney Lanier, Project Gutenberg ebook #579; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Sidney Lanier, Nirvana, in Poems (1884), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #579, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/lanier-poems/nirvana.html, id L07677.
Form and metre
Nirvana is 72 lines in 18 stanzas of 4 lines each. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 92%). 95% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 9.2 syllables. 22 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 19% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
See other poems in iambic pentameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 AAA- phantasiesA · vacanciesA · seasA · nirvana
- 2 AAA- senseA · vehemenceA · intenseA · nirvana
- 3 AAA- wavesA · slavesA · gravesA · nirvana
- 4 AAA- crownA · frownA · downA · nirvana
- 5 AAA- nightA · starlightA · heightA · nirvana
- 6 AAA- spearA · sheerA · clearA · nirvana
- 7 AAA- hatesA · statesA · debatesA · nirvana
- 8 AAA- casteA · vastA · pastA · nirvana
- 9 AAA- hueA · anewA · blueA · nirvana
- 10 AAA- timeA · crimeA · sublimeA · nirvana
- 11 AAA- surgeA · urgeA · dirgeA · nirvana
- 12 AAA- starA · scarA · afarA · nirvana
- 13 AAA- aboveA · loveA · doveA · nirvana
- 14 AAA- freeA · agreeA · meA · nirvana
- 15 AAA- longA · songA · throngA · nirvana
- 16 AAA- chanceA · circumstanceA · tranceA · nirvana
- 17 AAA- deitiesA · skiesA · riseA · nirvana
- 18 A-A- dieA · ecstasy · lieA · nirvana
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| Through seas of dreams and seas of phantasies, | 9 | ········· |
| Through seas of solitudes and vacancies, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘˘ |
| And through my Self, the deepest of the seas, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| I strive to thee, Nirvana. | 7 | ····˘/˘ |
| Oh long ago the billow-flow of sense, | 10 | ··˘/·/˘··· |
| Aroused by passion's windy vehemence, | 10 | ˘/·/˘/˘/˘˘ |
| Upbore me out of depths to heights intense, | 10 | ········˘/ |
| But not to thee, Nirvana. | 7 | ····˘/˘ |
| By waves swept on, I learned to ride the waves. | 10 | ·········· |
| I served my masters till I made them slaves. | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| I baffled Death by hiding in his graves, | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| His watery graves, Nirvana. | 8 | ·/˘˘·˘/˘ |
| And once I clomb a mountain's stony crown | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| And stood, and smiled no smile and frowned no frown, | 10 | ·········· |
| Nor ate, nor drank, nor slept, nor faltered down, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Five days and nights, Nirvana. | 7 | ····˘/˘ |
| Sunrise and noon and sunset and strange night | 10 | /····/···· |
| And shadow of large clouds and faint starlight | 10 | ·/······/· |
| And lonesome Terror stalking round the height, | 10 | ·/˘/˘/˘··· |
| I minded not, Nirvana. | 7 | ·/˘·˘/˘ |
| The silence ground my soul keen like a spear. | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| My bare thought, whetted as a sword, cut sheer | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Through time and life and flesh and death, to clear | 10 | ·········· |
| My way unto Nirvana. | 7 | ····˘/˘ |
| I slew gross bodies of old ethnic hates | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| That stirred long race-wars betwixt States and States. | 10 | ·····˘/··· |
| I stood and scorned these foolish dead debates, | 10 | ·····/˘·˘/ |
| Calmly, calmly, Nirvana. | 7 | /˘/˘˘/˘ |
| I smote away the filmy base of Caste. | 10 | ··˘/·/˘··· |
| I thrust through antique blood and riches vast, | 10 | ···˘/··/˘· |
| And all big claims of the pretentious Past | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| That hindered my Nirvana. | 7 | ·/˘·˘/˘ |
| Then all fair types, of form and sound and hue, | 10 | ·········· |
| Up-floated round my sense and charmed anew. | 10 | ·/˘·····˘/ |
| -- I waved them back into the void blue: | 10 | ··˘······· |
| I love them not, Nirvana. | 7 | ····˘/˘ |
| And all outrageous ugliness of time, | 10 | ··˘/˘/˘˘·· |
| Excess and Blasphemy and squinting Crime | 10 | ˘/·/˘˘·/˘· |
| Beset me, but I kept my calm sublime: | 10 | ˘/······˘/ |
| I hate them not, Nirvana. | 7 | ····˘/˘ |
| High on the topmost thrilling of the surge | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| I saw, afar, two hosts to battle urge. | 10 | ··˘/···/˘· |
| The widows of the victors sang a dirge, | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| But I wept not, Nirvana. | 7 | ····˘/˘ |
| I saw two lovers sitting on a star. | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| He kissed her lip, she kissed his battle-scar. | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| They quarrelled soon, and went two ways, afar. | 10 | ·/˘·····˘/ |
| O Life! I laughed, Nirvana. | 7 | ····˘/˘ |
| And never a king but had some king above, | 10 | ·/········ |
| And never a law to right the wrongs of Love, | 10 | ·/········ |
| And ever a fanged snake beneath a dove, | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Saw I on earth, Nirvana. | 7 | ····˘/˘ |
| But I, with kingship over kings, am free. | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| I love not, hate not: right and wrong agree: | 10 | ········˘/ |
| And fangs of snakes and lures of doves to me | 10 | ·········· |
| Are vain, are vain, Nirvana. | 7 | ····˘/˘ |
| So by mine inner contemplation long, | 10 | ···/˘·˘/˘· |
| By thoughts that need no speech nor oath nor song, | 10 | ·········· |
| My spirit soars above the motley throng | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| Of days and nights, Nirvana. | 7 | ····˘/˘ |
| O Suns, O Rains, O Day and Night, O Chance, | 10 | ·········· |
| O Time besprent with seven-hued circumstance, | 10 | ··˘/·/·/˘· |
| I float above ye all into the trance | 10 | ·········· |
| That draws me nigh Nirvana. | 7 | ····˘/˘ |
| Gods of small worlds, ye little Deities | 10 | ·····/˘/˘˘ |
| Of humble Heavens under my large skies, | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| And Governor-Spirits, all, I rise, I rise, | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| I rise into Nirvana. | 7 | ····˘/˘ |
| The storms of Self below me rage and die. | 10 | ·········· |
| On the still bosom of mine ecstasy, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘˘ |
| A lotus on a lake of balm, I lie | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Forever in Nirvana. | 7 | ˘/˘·˘/˘ |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.