The English Flag

Rudyard Kipling (1865–1936) · 1889–1896

iambic heptameter · AABB · 68 lines · from Verses 1889–1896

Winds of the World, give answer! They are whimpering to and fro --And what should they know of England who only England know? --The poor little street-bred people that vapour and fume and brag,They are lifting their heads in the stillness to yelp at the English Flag!

Must we borrow a clout from the Boer -- to plaster anew with dirt?An Irish liar's bandage, or an English coward's shirt?We may not speak of England; her Flag's to sell or share.What is the Flag of England? Winds of the World, declare!

The North Wind blew: -- “From Bergen my steel-shod vanguards go;I chase your lazy whalers home from the Disko floe;By the great North Lights above me I work the will of God,And the liner splits on the ice-field or the Dogger fills with cod.

“I barred my gates with iron, I shuttered my doors with flame,Because to force my ramparts your nutshell navies came;I took the sun from their presence, I cut them down with my blast,And they died, but the Flag of England blew free ere the spirit passed.

“The lean white bear hath seen it in the long, long Arctic night,The musk-ox knows the standard that flouts the Northern Light:What is the Flag of England? Ye have but my bergs to dare,Ye have but my drifts to conquer. Go forth, for it is there!”

The South Wind sighed: -- “From the Virgins my mid-sea course was ta'enOver a thousand islands lost in an idle main,Where the sea-egg flames on the coral and the long-backed breakers croonTheir endless ocean legends to the lazy, locked lagoon.

“Strayed amid lonely islets, mazed amid outer keys,I waked the palms to laughter -- I tossed the scud in the breeze --Never was isle so little, never was sea so lone,But over the scud and the palm-trees an English flag was flown.

“I have wrenched it free from the halliard to hang for a wisp on the Horn;I have chased it north to the Lizard -- ribboned and rolled and torn;I have spread its fold o'er the dying, adrift in a hopeless sea;I have hurled it swift on the slaver, and seen the slave set free.

“My basking sunfish know it, and wheeling albatross,Where the lone wave fills with fire beneath the Southern Cross.What is the Flag of England? Ye have but my reefs to dare,Ye have but my seas to furrow. Go forth, for it is there!”

The East Wind roared: -- “From the Kuriles, the Bitter Seas, I come,And me men call the Home-Wind, for I bring the English home.Look -- look well to your shipping! By the breath of my mad typhoonI swept your close-packed Praya and beached your best at Kowloon!

“The reeling junks behind me and the racing seas before,I raped your richest roadstead -- I plundered Singapore!I set my hand on the Hoogli; as a hooded snake she rose,And I flung your stoutest steamers to roost with the startled crows.

“Never the lotus closes, never the wild-fowl wake,But a soul goes out on the East Wind that died for England's sake --Man or woman or suckling, mother or bride or maid --Because on the bones of the English the English Flag is stayed.

“The desert-dust hath dimmed it, the flying wild-ass knows,The scared white leopard winds it across the taintless snows.What is the Flag of England? Ye have but my sun to dare,Ye have but my sands to travel. Go forth, for it is there!”

The West Wind called: -- “In squadrons the thoughtless galleons flyThat bear the wheat and cattle lest street-bred people die.They make my might their porter, they make my house their path,Till I loose my neck from their rudder and whelm them all in my wrath.

“I draw the gliding fog-bank as a snake is drawn from the hole,They bellow one to the other, the frighted ship-bells toll,For day is a drifting terror till I raise the shroud with my breath,And they see strange bows above them and the two go locked to death.

“But whether in calm or wrack-wreath, whether by dark or day,I heave them whole to the conger or rip their plates away,First of the scattered legions, under a shrieking sky,Dipping between the rollers, the English Flag goes by.

“The dead dumb fog hath wrapped it -- the frozen dews have kissed --The naked stars have seen it, a fellow-star in the mist.What is the Flag of England? Ye have but my breath to dare,Ye have but my waves to conquer. Go forth, for it is there!”

Words in this poem 29
vapour n.
Any substance in the gaseous, or aëriform, state, the condition of which is ordinarily that of a liquid or solid. [OE. vapour, OF. vapour, vapor, vapeur, F. vapeur, L. vapor; probably for cvapor, and akin to Gr. kvepti to breathe, smell, Russ. kopote fine soot. Cf. Vapid.]
fume n.
Exhalation; volatile matter (esp. noxious vapor or smoke) ascending in a dense body; smoke; vapor; reek; as, the fumes of tobacco. [L. fumus; akin to Skr. dh smoke, dh to shake, fan a flame, cf. Gr. fum smoke, F. fumée. Cf. Dust, n., Femerell, Thyme.]
stillness n.
The quality or state of being still; quietness; silence; calmness; inactivity.
yelp n.
A sharp, quick cry; a bark.
borrow v. t.
To receive from another as a loan, with the implied or expressed intention of returning the identical article or its equivalent in kind; -- the opposite of lend. [OE. borwen, AS. borgian, fr. borg, borh, pledge; akin to D. borg, G. borg; prob. fr. root of AS. beorgan to protect. Borough.]
clout n.
A cloth; a piece of cloth or leather; a patch; a rag. [AS. clut a little cloth, piece of metal; cf. Sw. klut, Icel. klutr a kerchief, or W. clwt a clout, Gael. clud.]
boer n.
A colonist or farmer in South Africa of Dutch descent. [D., a farmer. See Boor.]
floe n.
A low, flat mass of floating ice. Floe rat (Zoöl.), a seal (Phoca foetida). [Cf. Dan. flag af iis, iisflage, Sw. flaga, flake, isflaga, isflake. See Flag a flat stone.]
liner n.
One who lines, as, a liner of shoes.
dogger n.
A two-masted fishing vessel, used by the Dutch. [D., fr. dogger codfish, orig. used in the catching of codfish.]
shuttered a.
Furnished with shutters.
nutshell n.
The shell or hard external covering in which the kernel of a nut is inclosed.
croon v. i.
To make a continuous hollow moan, as cattle do when in pain.
lagoon n.
A shallow sound, channel, pond, or lake, especially one into which the sea flows; as, the lagoons of Venice. [It. or Sp. laguna, L. lacuna ditch, pool, pond,lacus lake. See Lake, and cf. Lacuna.]
amid prep.
In the midst or middle of; surrounded or encompassed by; among. [OE. amidde, amiddes, on midden, AS. on middan, in the middle, fr. midde the middle. The s is an adverbial ending, originally marking the genitive; the t is a la]
scud v. i.
To move swiftly; especially, to move as if driven forward by something. [Dan. skyde to shoot, shove, push, akin to skud shot, gunshot, a shoot, young bough, and to E. shoot. sq. root159. See Shoot.]
isle v. t.
To cause to become an island, or like an island; to surround or encompass; to island.
lone n.
A lane. See Loanin.
flown a.
Flushed, inflated.
wisp n.
A small bundle, as of straw or other like substance. [OE. wisp, wips; probably akin to D. & G. wisch, Icel. visk, and perhaps to L. virga a twig, rod. Cf. Verge a rod, Whisk, n.]
adrift adv.
Floating at random; in a drifting condition; at the mercy of wind and waves. Also fig. [Pref. a- (for on) + drift.]
wheeling n.
The act of conveying anything, or traveling, on wheels, or in a wheeled vehicle.
typhoon n.
A violent whirlwind; specifically, a violent whirlwind occurring in the Chinese seas. [Earlier tuffoon, tuffon, Pg. tufao, Ar. tufan a violent storm; probably fr. Gr. tyfw^n, tyfw^s, a violent whirlwind, that rushes upward from the earth, whirling]
beached p. p.
Bordered by a beach.
roadstead n.
An anchorage off shore. Same as Road, 4. [Road,4 + stead a place.]
stayed a.
Staid; fixed; settled; sober; -- now written staid. See Staid.
taintless a.
Free from taint or infection; pure.
whelm v. t.
To cover with water or other fluid; to cover by immersion in something that envelops on all sides; to overwhelm; to ingulf.
wrack n.
Wreck; ruin; destruction. [OE. wrak wreck. See Wreck.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The English Flag is in the public domain. This text is taken from Verses 1889-1896, Project Gutenberg ebook #323; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Rudyard Kipling, The English Flag, in Verses 1889–1896 (1889–1896), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #323, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/kipling-verses/the-english-flag.html, id L16778.

Form and metre

The English Flag is 68 lines in 17 stanzas of 4 lines each. The rhyme scheme is AABB, complete in 15 of its 17 stanzas. The metre is iambic heptameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 73%). 85% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 13.9 syllables. 6% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic heptameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABB froA · knowA · bragB · flagB
  2. 2 AABB dirtA · shirtA · shareB · declareB
  3. 3 AABB goA · floeA · godB · codB
  4. 4 AABB flameA · cameA · blastB · passedB
  5. 5 AABB nightA · lightA · dareB · thereB
  6. 6 --AA ta'en · main · croonA · lagoonA
  7. 7 AABB keysA · breezeA · loneB · flownB
  8. 8 AABB hornA · tornA · seaB · freeB
  9. 9 --AA albatross · cross · dareA · thereA
  10. 10 AABB comeA · homeA · typhoonB · kowloonB
  11. 11 AABB beforeA · singaporeA · roseB · crowsB
  12. 12 AABB wakeA · sakeA · maidB · stayedB
  13. 13 AABB knowsA · snowsA · dareB · thereB
  14. 14 AABB flyA · dieA · pathB · wrathB
  15. 15 AABB holeA · tollA · breathB · deathB
  16. 16 AABB dayA · awayA · skyB · byB
  17. 17 AABB kissedA · mistA · dareB · thereB
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic heptameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Winds of the World, give answer! They are whimpering to and fro --14·····/˘··/˘···
And what should they know of England who only England know? --14······/˘·/˘/˘·
The poor little street-bred people that vapour and fume and brag,15··/˘··/˘·/˘····
They are lifting their heads in the stillness to yelp at the English Flag!17··/˘····/˘····/˘·
Must we borrow a clout from the Boer -- to plaster anew with dirt?16··/·······/˘˘/··
An Irish liar's bandage, or an English coward's shirt?12·/˘//˘··/˘/·
We may not speak of England; her Flag's to sell or share.13·····/˘······
What is the Flag of England? Winds of the World, declare!13·····/˘····˘/
The North Wind blew: -- “From Bergen my steel-shod vanguards go;13·····/˘···/··
I chase your lazy whalers home from the Disko floe;13···/˘/˘······
By the great North Lights above me I work the will of God,14··············
And the liner splits on the ice-field or the Dogger fills with cod.15··/·······/˘···
“I barred my gates with iron, I shuttered my doors with flame,13·····/·/˘····
Because to force my ramparts your nutshell navies came;13·····/··/·/˘·
I took the sun from their presence, I cut them down with my blast,15······/˘·······
And they died, but the Flag of England blew free ere the spirit passed.15·······/˘····/·
“The lean white bear hath seen it in the long, long Arctic night,14···········/˘·
The musk-ox knows the standard that flouts the Northern Light:13·····/˘···/˘·
What is the Flag of England? Ye have but my bergs to dare,14·····/˘·······
Ye have but my drifts to conquer. Go forth, for it is there!”14······/˘······
The South Wind sighed: -- “From the Virgins my mid-sea course was ta'en14······/˘······
Over a thousand islands lost in an idle main,12··/˘/˘···/˘·
Where the sea-egg flames on the coral and the long-backed breakers croon16·······/˘····/˘·
Their endless ocean legends to the lazy, locked lagoon.13·/˘//˘··/˘·˘/
“Strayed amid lonely islets, mazed amid outer keys,12·˘//˘/˘·˘//·
I waked the palms to laughter -- I tossed the scud in the breeze --14·····/˘·······
Never was isle so little, never was sea so lone,11/···/˘/····
But over the scud and the palm-trees an English flag was flown.14·········/˘···
“I have wrenched it free from the halliard to hang for a wisp on the Horn;17·······/˘········
I have chased it north to the Lizard -- ribboned and rolled and torn;15·······/˘/˘····
I have spread its fold o'er the dying, adrift in a hopeless sea;16·······/˘˘/··/˘·
I have hurled it swift on the slaver, and seen the slave set free.15·······/˘······
“My basking sunfish know it, and wheeling albatross,13·/˘/····/˘/˘·
Where the lone wave fills with fire beneath the Southern Cross.13······/···/˘·
What is the Flag of England? Ye have but my reefs to dare,14·····/˘·······
Ye have but my seas to furrow. Go forth, for it is there!”14······/˘······
The East Wind roared: -- “From the Kuriles, the Bitter Seas, I come,13······˘·/˘···
And me men call the Home-Wind, for I bring the English home.14···········/˘·
Look -- look well to your shipping! By the breath of my mad typhoon15·····/˘·······/
I swept your close-packed Praya and beached your best at Kowloon!13·············
“The reeling junks behind me and the racing seas before,14·/˘······/˘···
I raped your richest roadstead -- I plundered Singapore!13···/˘/˘·/˘/˘·
I set my hand on the Hoogli; as a hooded snake she rose,15··········/˘···
And I flung your stoutest steamers to roost with the startled crows.15····/˘/˘····/˘·
“Never the lotus closes, never the wild-fowl wake,11/·/˘/˘/····
But a soul goes out on the East Wind that died for England's sake --15············/˘·
Man or woman or suckling, mother or bride or maid --13··/˘·/˘/˘····
Because on the bones of the English the English Flag is stayed.15·······/˘·/˘···
“The desert-dust hath dimmed it, the flying wild-ass knows,13·˘/·····/˘···
The scared white leopard winds it across the taintless snows.13···/˘··˘/·/˘·
What is the Flag of England? Ye have but my sun to dare,14·····/˘·······
Ye have but my sands to travel. Go forth, for it is there!”14······/˘······
The West Wind called: -- “In squadrons the thoughtless galleons fly13·····/˘·/˘/˘·
That bear the wheat and cattle lest street-bred people die.13·····/˘···/˘·
They make my might their porter, they make my house their path,13·····/˘······
Till I loose my neck from their rudder and whelm them all in my wrath.16·······/˘·······
“I draw the gliding fog-bank as a snake is drawn from the hole,15···/˘··········
They bellow one to the other, the frighted ship-bells toll,14·/˘···/˘·/˘···
For day is a drifting terror till I raise the shroud with my breath,16····/˘/˘········
And they see strange bows above them and the two go locked to death.15···············
“But whether in calm or wrack-wreath, whether by dark or day,14··············
I heave them whole to the conger or rip their plates away,14······/˘····˘/
First of the scattered legions, under a shrieking sky,13···/˘/˘···/˘·
Dipping between the rollers, the English Flag goes by.13/˘···/˘·/˘···
“The dead dumb fog hath wrapped it -- the frozen dews have kissed --13········/˘···
The naked stars have seen it, a fellow-star in the mist.14·/˘·····/˘····
What is the Flag of England? Ye have but my breath to dare,14·····/˘·······
Ye have but my waves to conquer. Go forth, for it is there!”14······/˘······

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

More by Rudyard Kipling