Sleep

James Weldon Johnson (1871–1938) · 1917

iambic pentameter · 14 lines · from Fifty Years and Other Poems

O Sleep, thou kindest minister to man,Silent distiller of the balm of rest,How wonderful thy power, when naught else can,To soothe the torn and sorrow-laden breast!When bleeding hearts no comforter can find,When burdened souls droop under weight of woe,When thought is torture to the troubled mind,When grief-relieving tears refuse to flow;'Tis then thou comest on soft-beating wings,And sweet oblivion's peace from them is shed;But ah, the old pain that the waking brings!That lives again so soon as thou art fled!

Man, why should thought of death cause thee to weep;Since death be but an endless, dreamless sleep?

Words in this poem

distiller n.
One who distills; esp., one who extracts alcoholic liquors by distillation.
soothe v. t.
To assent to as true. Testament of Love. [Originally, to assent to as true; OE. so to verify, AS. ges to prove the truth of, to bear witness. See Sooth, a.]
comforter n.
One who administers comfort or consolation.
dreamless a.
Free from, or without, dreams. Camden.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Sleep is in the public domain. This text is taken from Fifty Years, & Other Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #17884; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: James Weldon Johnson, Sleep, in Fifty Years and Other Poems (1917), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #17884, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/johnson-fifty-years/sleep.html, id L08324.

Form and metre

Sleep is 14 lines in 2 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 87%). 95% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 9.8 syllables.

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABABCDCDEFEF manA · restB · canA · breastB · findC · woeD · mindC · flowD · wingsE · shedF · bringsE · fledF
  2. 2 AA weepA · sleepA
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
O Sleep, thou kindest minister to man,9···/˘/˘··
Silent distiller of the balm of rest,10/˘˘/˘·····
How wonderful thy power, when naught else can,9·/˘·/····
To soothe the torn and sorrow-laden breast!10·····/˘/˘·
When bleeding hearts no comforter can find,9·/˘··/˘··
When burdened souls droop under weight of woe,10·/˘·······
When thought is torture to the troubled mind,10···/˘··/˘·
When grief-relieving tears refuse to flow;10··˘/˘·˘/··
'Tis then thou comest on soft-beating wings,10·······/˘·
And sweet oblivion's peace from them is shed;10··˘/˘·····
But ah, the old pain that the waking brings!10·······/˘·
That lives again so soon as thou art fled!10··˘/······
Man, why should thought of death cause thee to weep;10··········
Since death be but an endless, dreamless sleep?10·····/˘/˘·

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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