To His Orphan Grandchildren

Victor Hugo (1802–1885), translated by various hands · 1888

iambic pentameter · 80 lines · from Poems

I feel thy presence, Charles. Sweet martyr! downIn earth, where men decay,I search, and see from cracks which rend thy tomb,Burst out pale morning's ray.

Close linked are bier and cradle: here the dead,To charm us, live again:Kneeling, I mourn, when on my threshold soundsTwo little children's strain.

George, Jeanne, sing on! George, Jeanne, unconscious play!Your father's form recall,Now darkened by his sombre shade, now giltBy beams that wandering fall.

Oh, knowledge! what thy use? did we not knowDeath holds no more the dead;But Heaven, where, hand in hand, angel and starSmile at the grave we dread?

A Heaven, which childhood represents on earth.Orphans, may God be nigh!That God, who can your bright steps turn asideFrom darkness, where I sigh.

All joy be yours, though sorrow bows me down!To each his fitting wage:Children, I've passed life's span, and men are plaguedBy shadows at that stage.

Hath any done--nay, only half performed--The good he might for others?Hath any conquered hatred, or had strengthTo treat his foes like brothers?

E'en he, who's tried his best, hath evil wrought:Pain springs from happiness:My heart has triumphed in defeat, my pulseNe'er quickened at success.

I seemed the greater when I felt the blow:The prick gives sense of gain;Since to make others bleed my courage fails,I'd rather bear the pain.

To grow is sad, since evils grow no less;Great height is mark for all:The more I have of branches, more of clustering boughs,The ghastlier shadows fall.

Thence comes my sadness, though I grant your charms:Ye are the outburstingOf the soul in bloom, steeped in the draughtsOf nature's boundless spring.

George is the sapling, set in mournful soil;Jeanne's folding petals shroudA mind which trembles at our uproar, yetHalf longs to speak aloud.

Give, then, my children--lowly, blushing plants,Whom sorrow waits to seize--Free course to instincts, whispering 'mid the flowers,Like hum of murmuring bees.

Some day you'll find that chaos comes, alas!That angry lightning's hurled,When any cheer the People, Atlas huge,Grim bearer of the world!

You'll see that, since our fate is ruled by chance,Each man, unknowing, great,Should frame life so, that at some future hourFact and his dreamings meet.

I, too, when death is past, one day shall graspThat end I know not now;And over you will bend me down, all filledWith dawn's mysterious glow.

I'll learn what means this exile, what this shroudEnveloping your prime;And why the truth and sweetness of one manSeem to all others crime.

I'll hear--though midst these dismal boughs you sang--How came it, that for me,Who every pity feel for every woe,So vast a gloom could be.

I'll know why night relentless holds me, whySo great a pile of doom:Why endless frost enfolds me, and methinksMy nightly bed's a tomb:

Why all these battles, all these tears, regrets,And sorrows were my share;And why God's will of me a cypress made,When roses bright ye were.

Words in this poem 15
bier n.
A handbarrow or portable frame on which a corpse is placed or borne to the grave. [OE. bæe, beere, AS. b, b; akin to D. baar, OHG. bara, G. bahre, Icel barar, Dbaare, L. feretrum, Gr. , from the same bear to produce. See 1st Bear, and cf. Barr]
jeanne n.
A twilled cotton cloth. Satin jean, a kind of jean woven smooth and glossy, after the manner of satin. [Prob. named from Genoa. See Jane.]
sombre n.
Gloom; obscurity; duskiness; somberness.
childhood n.
The state of being a child; the time in which persons are children; the condition or time from infancy to puberty. [AS. cildhad; cild child + -had. See Child, and hood.]
wage v. i.
To bind one's self; to engage.
defeat v. t.
To undo; to disfigure; to destroy. [From F. défait, OF. desfait, p. p. ofe défaire, OF. desfaire, to undo; L. dis- + facere to do. See Feat, Fact, and cf. Disfashion.]
sadness n.
Heaviness; firmness.
aloud adv.
With a loud voice, or great noise; loudly; audibly. [Pref. a- + loud.]
chaos n.
An empty, immeasurable space; a yawning chasm. [L. chaos chaos (in senses 1 & 2), Gr. Chasm.]
angry a.
Troublesome; vexatious; rigorous. [See Anger.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
dismal a.
Fatal; ill-omened; unlucky. [Formerly a noun; e. g., "I trow it was in the dismalle." Chaucer. Of uncertain origin; but perh. (as suggested by Skeat) from OF. disme, F. dîme, tithe, the phr]
relentless a.
Unmoved by appeals for sympathy or forgiveness; insensible to the distresses of others; destitute of tenderness; unrelenting; unyielding; unpitying; as, a prey to relentless despotism.
methinks v.
It seems to me; I think. See Me. [AS. þyncan to seem, me þynceedh, me þuhte, OE. me thinketh, me thoughte; akin to G. dünken to seem, denken to think, and E. think. See Me, and Think.]
nightly a.
Of or pertaining to the night, or to every night; happening or done by night, or every night; as, nightly shades; he kept nightly vigils.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

To His Orphan Grandchildren is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #8775, the various hands translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Victor Hugo, To His Orphan Grandchildren, in Poems (1888), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #8775, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/hugo-poems/to-his-orphan-grandchildren.html, id L26842.

Form and metre

To His Orphan Grandchildren is 80 lines in 20 stanzas of 4 lines each. This poem did not settle on a metre of its own; the book it comes from is in iambic pentameter.

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 -A-A down · decayA · tomb · rayA
  2. 2 -A-A dead · againA · sounds · strainA
  3. 3 -A-A play · recallA · gilt · fallA
  4. 4 -A-A know · deadA · star · dreadA
  5. 5 -A-A earth · nighA · aside · sighA
  6. 6 -A-A down · wageA · plagued · stageA
  7. 7 -A-A performed · othersA · strength · brothersA
  8. 8 -A-A wrought · happinessA · pulse · successA
  9. 9 -A-A blow · gainA · fails · painA
  10. 10 -A-A less · allA · boughs · fallA
  11. 11 -A-A charms · outburstingA · draughts · springA
  12. 12 -A-A soil · shroudA · yet · aloudA
  13. 13 -AAA plants · seizeA · flowersA · beesA
  14. 14 -A-A alas · hurledA · huge · worldA
  15. 17 -A-A shroud · primeA · man · crimeA
  16. 18 -A-A sang · meA · woe · beA
  17. 19 -A-A why · doomA · methinks · tombA
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
I feel thy presence, Charles. Sweet martyr! down10···/˘··/˘·
In earth, where men decay,6····˘/
I search, and see from cracks which rend thy tomb,10··········
Burst out pale morning's ray.6···/˘·
Close linked are bier and cradle: here the dead,10·····/˘···
To charm us, live again:6····˘/
Kneeling, I mourn, when on my threshold sounds10/˘·····/··
Two little children's strain.6·/˘/˘·
George, Jeanne, sing on! George, Jeanne, unconscious play!10·······/˘·
Your father's form recall,6·/˘·˘/
Now darkened by his sombre shade, now gilt10·/˘··/˘···
By beams that wandering fall.7···/˘˘·
Oh, knowledge! what thy use? did we not know10·/˘·······
Death holds no more the dead;6······
But Heaven, where, hand in hand, angel and star10·/····/˘··
Smile at the grave we dread?6······
A Heaven, which childhood represents on earth.10·/·/··˘/··
Orphans, may God be nigh!6/˘····
That God, who can your bright steps turn aside10········˘/
From darkness, where I sigh.6·/˘···
All joy be yours, though sorrow bows me down!10·····/˘···
To each his fitting wage:6···/˘·
Children, I've passed life's span, and men are plagued10/˘········
By shadows at that stage.6·/····
Hath any done--nay, only half performed--10·/˘··/˘·˘/
The good he might for others?7·····/˘
Hath any conquered hatred, or had strength10·/˘/˘/˘···
To treat his foes like brothers?7·····/˘
E'en he, who's tried his best, hath evil wrought:10·······/˘·
Pain springs from happiness:6···/˘˘
My heart has triumphed in defeat, my pulse10···/˘·˘/··
Ne'er quickened at success.6·/˘·˘/
I seemed the greater when I felt the blow:10···/˘·····
The prick gives sense of gain;6······
Since to make others bleed my courage fails,10···/˘··/˘·
I'd rather bear the pain.6·/˘···
To grow is sad, since evils grow no less;10·····/˘···
Great height is mark for all:6······
The more I have of branches, more of clustering boughs,12·····/˘··/˘·
The ghastlier shadows fall.6···/··
Thence comes my sadness, though I grant your charms:10···/˘·····
Ye are the outbursting6···/·˘
Of the soul in bloom, steeped in the draughts9·········
Of nature's boundless spring.6·/˘/˘·
George is the sapling, set in mournful soil;10···/˘··/˘·
Jeanne's folding petals shroud6·/˘/˘·
A mind which trembles at our uproar, yet10···/˘·//··
Half longs to speak aloud.6····˘/
Give, then, my children--lowly, blushing plants,10···/˘/˘/˘·
Whom sorrow waits to seize--6·/˘···
Free course to instincts, whispering 'mid the flowers,10···/˘/˘··/
Like hum of murmuring bees.7···/˘˘·
Some day you'll find that chaos comes, alas!10·····/˘·˘/
That angry lightning's hurled,6·/˘/˘·
When any cheer the People, Atlas huge,10·/˘··/˘/˘·
Grim bearer of the world!6·/˘···
You'll see that, since our fate is ruled by chance,10····/·····
Each man, unknowing, great,6··˘/˘·
Should frame life so, that at some future hour11·······/˘/˘
Fact and his dreamings meet.6···/˘·
I, too, when death is past, one day shall grasp10··········
That end I know not now;6······
And over you will bend me down, all filled10··········
With dawn's mysterious glow.7··˘/˘˘·
I'll learn what means this exile, what this shroud10·····/····
Enveloping your prime;6˘/˘˘··
And why the truth and sweetness of one man10·····/˘···
Seem to all others crime.6···/˘·
I'll hear--though midst these dismal boughs you sang--10·····/˘···
How came it, that for me,6······
Who every pity feel for every woe,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
So vast a gloom could be.6······
I'll know why night relentless holds me, why10····˘/˘···
So great a pile of doom:6······
Why endless frost enfolds me, and methinks10·/˘·˘/··˘/
My nightly bed's a tomb:6·/˘···
Why all these battles, all these tears, regrets,10···/˘···˘/
And sorrows were my share;6·/˘···
And why God's will of me a cypress made,10·······/˘·
When roses bright ye were.6·/˘···

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

More by Victor Hugo