The Epic of the Lion

Victor Hugo (1802–1885), translated by various hands · 1888

iambic pentameter · heroic couplets · 128 lines · from Poems

A Lion in his jaws caught up a child--Not harming it--and to the woodland, wildWith secret streams and lairs, bore off his prey--The beast, as one might cull a bud in May.It was a rosy boy, a king's own pride,A ten-year lad, with bright eyes shining wide,And save this son his majesty besideHad but one girl, two years of age, and soThe monarch suffered, being old, much woe;His heir the monster's prey, while the whole landIn dread both of the beast and king did stand;Sore terrified were all.

By came a knightThat road, who halted, asking, "What's the fright?"They told him, and he spurred straight for the site!The beast was seen to smile ere joined they fight,The man and monster, in most desperate duel,Like warring giants, angry, huge, and cruel.Stout though the knight, the lion stronger was,And tore that brave breast under its cuirass,Scrunching that hero, till he sprawled, alas!Beneath his shield, all blood and mud and mess:Whereat the lion feasted: then it wentBack to its rocky couch and slept content.Sudden, loud cries and clamors! striking outQualm to the heart of the quiet, horn and shoutCausing the solemn wood to reel with rout.Terrific was this noise that rolled before;It seemed a squadron; nay, 'twas something more--A whole battalion, sent by that sad kingWith force of arms his little prince to bring,Together with the lion's bleeding hide.

Which here was right or wrong? Who can decide?Have beasts or men most claim to live? God wots!He is the unit, we the cipher-dots.Ranged in the order a great hunt should have,They soon between the trunks espy the cave."Yes, that is it! the very mouth of the den!"The trees all round it muttered, warning men;Still they kept step and neared it. Look you now,Company's pleasant, and there were a thou--Good Lord! all in a moment, there's its face!Frightful! they saw the lion! Not one paceFurther stirred any man; but bolt and dartMade target of the beast. He, on his part,As calm as Pelion in the rain or hail,Bristled majestic from the teeth to tail,And shook full fifty missiles from his hide,But no heed took he; steadfastly he eyed,And roared a roar, hoarse, vibrant, vengeful, dread,A rolling, raging peal of wrath, which spread,Making the half-awakened thunder cry,"Who thunders there?" from its black bed of sky.This ended all! Sheer horror cleared the coast;As fogs are driven by the wind, that valorous hostMelted, dispersed to all the quarters four,Clean panic-stricken by that monstrous roar.Then quoth the lion, "Woods and mountains, see,A thousand men, enslaved, fear one beast free!"He followed towards the hill, climbed high above,Lifted his voice, and, as the sowers sowThe seed down wind, thus did that lion throwHis message far enough the town to reach:"King! your behavior really passes speech!Thus far no harm I've wrought to him your son;But now I give you notice--when night's done,I will make entry at your city-gate,Bringing the prince alive; and those who waitTo see him in my jaws--your lackey-crew--Shall see me eat him in your palace, too!"Next morning, this is what was viewed in town:Dawn coming--people going--some adownPraying, some crying; pallid cheeks, swift feet,And a huge lion stalking through the street.It seemed scarce short of rash impietyTo cross its path as the fierce beast went by.So to the palace and its gilded domeWith stately steps unchallenged did he roam;He enters it--within those walls he leapt!No man!

For certes, though he raged and wept,His majesty, like all, close shelter kept,Solicitous to live, holding his breathSpecially precious to the realm. Now deathIs not thus viewed by honest beasts of prey;And when the lion found him fled away,Ashamed to be so grand, man being so base,He muttered to himself, "A wretched king!'Tis well; I'll eat his boy!" Then, wandering,Lordly he traversed courts and corridors,Paced beneath vaults of gold on shining floors,Glanced at the throne deserted, stalked from hallTo hall--green, yellow, crimson--empty all!Rich couches void, soft seats unoccupied!And as he walked he looked from side to sideTo find some pleasant nook for his repast,Since appetite was come to munch at lastThe princely morsel!--Ah! what sight astoundsThat grisly lounger?

In the palace groundsAn alcove on a garden gives, and thereA tiny thing--forgot in the general fear,Lulled in the flower-sweet dreams of infancy,Bathed with soft sunlight falling brokenlyThrough leaf and lattice--was at that moment waking;A little lovely maid, most dear and taking,The prince's sister--all alone, undressed--She sat up singing: children sing so best.Charming this beauteous baby-maid; and soThe beast caught sight of her and stopped--

And thenEntered--the floor creaked as he stalked straight in.Above the playthings by the little bedThe lion put his shaggy, massive head,Dreadful with savage might and lordly scorn,More dreadful with that princely prey so borne;Which she, quick spying, "Brother, brother!" cried,"Oh, my own brother!" and, unterrified,She gazed upon that monster of the wood,Whose yellow balls not Typhon had withstood,And--well! who knows what thoughts these small heads hold?She rose up in her cot--full height, and bold,And shook her pink fist angrily at him.Whereon--close to the little bed's white rim,All dainty silk and laces--this huge bruteSet down her brother gently at her foot,Just as a mother might, and said to her,"Don't be put out, now! There he is, dear, there!"

Words in this poem 33
cull v. t.
To separate, select, or pick out; to choose and gather or collect; as, to cuil flowers. [OE., OF. cuillir, coillir, F.cueillir, to gather, pluck, pick, fr. L. colligere. See Coil, v. t., and cf. Collect.]
desperate a.
Without hope; given to despair; hopeless. [L. desperatus, p. p. of desperare. See Despair, and cf. Desperado.]
angry a.
Troublesome; vexatious; rigorous. [See Anger.]
tore n.
The dead grass that remains on mowing land in winter and spring. Mortimer. [Probably from the root of tear; cf. W. tór a break, cut, tóri to break, cut.]
whereat adv.
At which; upon which; whereupon; -- used relatively.
went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
qualm n.
Sickness; disease; pestilence; death. [AS. cwealm death, slaughter, pestilence, akin to OS. & OHG. qualm. See Quail to cower.]
squadron n.
Primarily, a square; hence, a square body of troops; a body of troops drawn up in a square. [F. escadron, formerly also esquadron, or It. squadrone. See Squad.]
battalion n.
A body of troops; esp. a body of troops or an army in battle array. [F. bataillon, fr. It. battaglione. See Battalia.]
frightful a.
Full of fright; affrighted; frightened.
shook v. t.
To pack, as staves, in a shook.
steadfastly adv.
In a steadfast manner; firmly.
vibrant a.
Vibrating; tremulous; resonant; as, vibrant drums. [L. vibrans, p. pr.: cf. F. vibrant. See Vibrate.]
vengeful a.
Vindictive; retributive; revengeful.
peal v. i.
To appeal. Spencer.
valorous a.
Possessing or exhibiting valor; brave; courageous; valiant; intrepid. [Cf. F. valeureux, LL. valorosus.]
stricken p. p.
Struck; smitten; wounded; as, the stricken deer.
quoth v. t.
Said; spoke; uttered; -- used only in the first and third persons in the past tenses, and always followed by its nominative, the word or words said being the object; as, quoth I. quoth he. [AS.cweedhan, imp cwæedh, pl. cwædon; akin to OS. queedhan, OHG. quethan, quedan, Icel. kveedha, Goth. qiþan. sq. root22. Cf. Bequeath.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
adown adv.
From a higher to a lower situation; downward; down, to or on the ground. [OE. adun, adoun, adune. AS. of dune off the hill. See Down.]
scarce a.
Not plentiful or abundant; in small quantity in proportion to the demand; not easily to be procured; rare; uncommon. [OE. scars, OF. escars, eschars, LL. scarpsus, for L. excerptus, p. p. of excerpere to pick out, and hence to contract, to shorten; ex (see Ex-) + carpere. See C]
impiety n.
The quality of being impious; want of piety; irreverence toward the Supreme Being; ungodliness; wickedness. [L. impietas, fr. impius impious; cf. F. impiété. See Impious, Piety.]
certes adv.
Certainly; in truth; verily. [F. certes, for à certes, fr. L. certus. See Certain.]
nook n.
A narrow place formed by an angle in bodies or between bodies; a corner; a recess; a secluded retreat. [OE. nok; cf. Gael. & Ir. niuc.]
munch v. t.
To chew with a grinding, crunching sound, as a beast chews provender; to chew deliberately or in large mouthfuls. [Formerly written also maunch and mounch.] [Prob. akin to mumble: cf. also F. manger to eat (cf. Mange), and mâcher to cher (cf. Masticate). See Mumble.]
lounger n.
One who lounges; ar idler.
alcove n.
A recessed portion of a room, or a small room opening into a larger one; especially, a recess to contain a bed; a lateral recess in a library. [F. alcôve, Sp. or Pg. alcoba, from Ar. al-quobbah arch, vault, tent.]
brokenly adv.
In a broken, interrupted manner; in a broken state; in broken language.
beauteous a.
Full of beauty; beautiful; very handsome. [Mostly poetic] -- Beau"te*ous*ly, adv. --
dreadful a.
Full of dread or terror; fearful.
typhon n.
According to Hesiod, the son of Typhoeus, and father of the winds, but later identified with him. [Gr. Typhoon.]
whereon adv.
On which; -- used relatively; as, the earth whereon we live.
dainty n.
Value; estimation; the gratification or pleasure taken in anything. [OE. deinie, dainte, deintie, deyntee, OF. deintié delicacy, orig., dignity, honor, fr. L. dignitas, fr. dignus worthy. See Deign, and cf. Dignity.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The Epic of the Lion is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #8775, the various hands translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Victor Hugo, The Epic of the Lion, in Poems (1888), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #8775, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/hugo-poems/the-epic-of-the-lion.html, id L26845.

Form and metre

The Epic of the Lion is 128 lines in 6 verse paragraphs. It is in rhyming couplets, 55% of the lines: heroic couplets. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 89%).

See other poems in heroic couplets, other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCCCDDEE- childA · wildA · preyB · mayB · prideC · wideC · besideC · soD · woeD · landE · standE · all
  2. 2 AAAABB-CC-DDEEEFFGG- knightA · frightA · siteA · fightA · duelB · cruelB · was · cuirassC · alasC · mess · wentD · contentD · outE · shoutE · routE · beforeF · moreF · kingG · bringG · hide
  3. 3 -AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMM---NNOOPPQQRRSS--TT-- decide · wotsA · dotsA · haveB · caveB · denC · menC · nowD · thouD · faceE · paceE · dartF · partF · hailG · tailG · hideH · eyedH · dreadI · spreadI · cryJ · skyJ · coastK · hostK · fourL · roarL · seeM · freeM · above · sow · throw · reachN · speechN · sonO · doneO · gateP · waitP · crewQ · tooQ · townR · adownR · feetS · streetS · impiety · by · domeT · roamT · leapt · man
  4. 4 AABBCC-DD--EEFFGG-- weptA · keptA · breathB · deathB · preyC · awayC · base · kingD · wanderingD · corridors · floors · hallE · allE · unoccupiedF · sideF · repastG · lastG · astounds · lounger
  5. 5 -AA--BBCC-- grounds · thereA · fearA · infancy · brokenly · wakingB · takingB · undressedC · bestC · so · stopped
  6. 6 AABBCCDDEEFFGG---- thenA · inA · bedB · headB · scornC · borneC · criedD · unterrifiedD · woodE · withstoodE · holdF · boldF · himG · rimG · brute · foot · her · there
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
A Lion in his jaws caught up a child--10·/˘·······
Not harming it--and to the woodland, wild10·/˘····/··
With secret streams and lairs, bore off his prey--10·/˘·······
The beast, as one might cull a bud in May.10··········
It was a rosy boy, a king's own pride,10···/˘·····
A ten-year lad, with bright eyes shining wide,10·······/˘·
And save this son his majesty beside10·····/˘˘˘/
Had but one girl, two years of age, and so10··········
The monarch suffered, being old, much woe;10·/·/˘/˘···
His heir the monster's prey, while the whole land10···/˘·····
In dread both of the beast and king did stand;10··········
Sore terrified were all.6·/˘···
By came a knight4····
That road, who halted, asking, "What's the fright?"10···/˘/˘···
They told him, and he spurred straight for the site!10··········
The beast was seen to smile ere joined they fight,10··········
The man and monster, in most desperate duel,11···/˘··/˘/˘
Like warring giants, angry, huge, and cruel.11·/˘/˘/˘··/˘
Stout though the knight, the lion stronger was,10·····/˘/˘·
And tore that brave breast under its cuirass,10········˘/
Scrunching that hero, till he sprawled, alas!10/˘·/˘···˘/
Beneath his shield, all blood and mud and mess:10··········
Whereat the lion feasted: then it went10˘/·/˘/˘···
Back to its rocky couch and slept content.10···/˘···˘/
Sudden, loud cries and clamors! striking out10/˘···/˘/˘·
Qualm to the heart of the quiet, horn and shout10······/···
Causing the solemn wood to reel with rout.10/˘·/˘·····
Terrific was this noise that rolled before;10˘/˘·······
It seemed a squadron; nay, 'twas something more--10···/˘··/˘·
A whole battalion, sent by that sad king10··˘/˘·····
With force of arms his little prince to bring,10·····/˘···
Together with the lion's bleeding hide.10˘/˘··/˘/˘·
Which here was right or wrong? Who can decide?10········˘/
Have beasts or men most claim to live? God wots!10··········
He is the unit, we the cipher-dots.10···/˘··/˘·
Ranged in the order a great hunt should have,10···/˘·····
They soon between the trunks espy the cave.10······/˘··
"Yes, that is it! the very mouth of the den!"11·····/˘····
The trees all round it muttered, warning men;10·····/˘/˘·
Still they kept step and neared it. Look you now,10··········
Company's pleasant, and there were a thou--10/˘˘/˘·····
Good Lord! all in a moment, there's its face!10·····/˘···
Frightful! they saw the lion! Not one pace10/˘···/˘···
Further stirred any man; but bolt and dart10/˘·/˘·····
Made target of the beast. He, on his part,10·/˘·······
As calm as Pelion in the rain or hail,10··········
Bristled majestic from the teeth to tail,10/˘˘/˘·····
And shook full fifty missiles from his hide,10···/˘/˘···
But no heed took he; steadfastly he eyed,10·····/·˘··
And roared a roar, hoarse, vibrant, vengeful, dread,10·····/˘/˘·
A rolling, raging peal of wrath, which spread,10·/˘/˘·····
Making the half-awakened thunder cry,10/˘··˘/˘/˘·
"Who thunders there?" from its black bed of sky.10·/˘·······
This ended all! Sheer horror cleared the coast;10·/˘··/˘···
As fogs are driven by the wind, that valorous host12···/····/˘˘·
Melted, dispersed to all the quarters four,10/˘˘/···/˘·
Clean panic-stricken by that monstrous roar.10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Then quoth the lion, "Woods and mountains, see,10···/˘··/˘·
A thousand men, enslaved, fear one beast free!"10·/˘·˘/····
He followed towards the hill, climbed high above,10·/˘·······
Lifted his voice, and, as the sowers sow10/˘·····/˘·
The seed down wind, thus did that lion throw10·······/˘·
His message far enough the town to reach:10·/˘·˘/····
"King! your behavior really passes speech!10··˘/˘/˘/˘·
Thus far no harm I've wrought to him your son;10··········
But now I give you notice--when night's done,10·····/˘···
I will make entry at your city-gate,10···/˘··/˘·
Bringing the prince alive; and those who wait10/˘··˘/····
To see him in my jaws--your lackey-crew--10·······/˘·
Shall see me eat him in your palace, too!"10·······/˘·
Next morning, this is what was viewed in town:10·/˘·······
Dawn coming--people going--some adown10·/˘/˘/˘·˘/
Praying, some crying; pallid cheeks, swift feet,10/˘·/˘/˘···
And a huge lion stalking through the street.10···/˘/˘···
It seemed scarce short of rash impiety10······˘/˘˘
To cross its path as the fierce beast went by.10··········
So to the palace and its gilded dome10···/˘··/˘·
With stately steps unchallenged did he roam;10·/˘·˘/˘···
He enters it--within those walls he leapt!10·/˘·······
No man!2··
For certes, though he raged and wept,9·/˘···˘··
His majesty, like all, close shelter kept,10·/˘˘···/˘·
Solicitous to live, holding his breath10˘/˘˘··/˘··
Specially precious to the realm. Now death10/˘˘/˘·····
Is not thus viewed by honest beasts of prey;10·····/˘···
And when the lion found him fled away,10···/˘···˘/
Ashamed to be so grand, man being so base,10˘/·····/··
He muttered to himself, "A wretched king!10·/˘·˘/·/˘·
'Tis well; I'll eat his boy!" Then, wandering,10·······/˘˘
Lordly he traversed courts and corridors,10/˘·˘/··/˘˘
Paced beneath vaults of gold on shining floors,10·······/˘·
Glanced at the throne deserted, stalked from hall10····˘/˘···
To hall--green, yellow, crimson--empty all!10···/˘/˘/˘·
Rich couches void, soft seats unoccupied!10·/˘···˘/˘·
And as he walked he looked from side to side10··········
To find some pleasant nook for his repast,10···/˘···˘/
Since appetite was come to munch at last10·/˘·······
The princely morsel!--Ah! what sight astounds10·/˘/˘···˘/
That grisly lounger?5·/˘/˘
In the palace grounds5··/˘·
An alcove on a garden gives, and there10·/···/˘···
A tiny thing--forgot in the general fear,11·/˘·˘/··/˘·
Lulled in the flower-sweet dreams of infancy,11···/˘···/˘˘
Bathed with soft sunlight falling brokenly10···/·/˘/˘˘
Through leaf and lattice--was at that moment waking;12···/˘···/˘/˘
A little lovely maid, most dear and taking,11·/˘/˘····/˘
The prince's sister--all alone, undressed--10·/˘/˘·˘/˘/
She sat up singing: children sing so best.10···/˘/˘···
Charming this beauteous baby-maid; and so11/˘·/˘˘/˘···
The beast caught sight of her and stopped--9········˘
And then2··
Entered--the floor creaked as he stalked straight in.10/˘········
Above the playthings by the little bed10···/···/˘·
The lion put his shaggy, massive head,10·/˘··/˘/˘·
Dreadful with savage might and lordly scorn,10/˘·/˘··/˘·
More dreadful with that princely prey so borne;10·/˘··/˘···
Which she, quick spying, "Brother, brother!" cried,10···/˘/˘/˘·
"Oh, my own brother!" and, unterrified,9···/˘····
She gazed upon that monster of the wood,10·····/˘···
Whose yellow balls not Typhon had withstood,10·/˘··/˘·˘/
And--well! who knows what thoughts these small heads hold?10··········
She rose up in her cot--full height, and bold,10··········
And shook her pink fist angrily at him.10·····/˘˘··
Whereon--close to the little bed's white rim,10˘/···/˘···
All dainty silk and laces--this huge brute10·/˘··/˘···
Set down her brother gently at her foot,10···/˘/˘···
Just as a mother might, and said to her,10···/˘·····
"Don't be put out, now! There he is, dear, there!"10··········

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