A Queen Five Summers Old
She is so little--in her hands a rose:A stern duenna watches where she goes,What sees Old Spain's Infanta--the clear shineOf waters shadowed by the birch and pine.What lies before? A swan with silver wing,The wave that murmurs to the branch's swing,Or the deep garden flowering below?Fair as an angel frozen into snow,The royal child looks on, and hardly seems to know.
As in a depth of glory far away,Down in the green park, a lofty palace lay,There, drank the deer from many a crystal pond,And the starred peacock gemmed the shade beyond.Around that child all nature shone more bright;Her innocence was as an added light.Rubies and diamonds strewed the grass she trode,And jets of sapphire from the dolphins flowed.
Still at the water's side she holds her place,Her bodice bright is set with Genoa lace;O'er her rich robe, through every satin fold,Wanders an arabesque in threads of gold.From its green urn the rose unfolding grand,Weighs down the exquisite smallness of her hand.And when the child bends to the red leafs tip,Her laughing nostril, and her carmine lip,The royal flower purpureal, kissing there,Hides more than half that young face bright and fair,So that the eye deceived can scarcely speakWhere shows the rose, or where the rose-red cheek.Her eyes look bluer from their dark brown frame:Sweet eyes, sweet form, and Mary's sweeter name.All joy, enchantment, perfume, waits she there,Heaven in her glance, her very name a prayer.
Yet 'neath the sky, and before life and fate,Poor child, she feels herself so vaguely great.With stately grace she gives her presence highTo dawn, to spring, to shadows flitting by,To the dark sunset glories of the heaven,And all the wild magnificence of even;On nature waits, eternal and serene,With all the graveness of a little queen.She never sees a man but on his knee,She Duchess of Brabant one day will be,Or rule Sardinia, or the Flemish crowdShe is the Infanta, five years old, and proud.
Thus is it with kings' children, for they wearA shadowy circlet on their forehead fair;Their tottering steps are towards a kingly chair.Calmly she waits, and breathes her gathered flowerTill one shall cull for her imperial power.Already her eye saith, "It is my right;"Even love flows from her, mingled with affright.If some one seeing her so fragile stand,Were it to save her, should put forth his hand,Ere he had made a step, or breathed a vow,The scaffold's shadow were upon his brow.While the child laughs, beyond the bastion thickOf that vast palace, Roman Catholic,Whose every turret like a mitre shows,Behind the lattice something dreadful goes.Men shake to see a shadow from beneathPassing from pane to pane, like vapory wreath,Pale, black, and still it glides from room to room;In the same spot, like ghost upon a tomb;Or glues its dark brown to the casement wan,Dim shade that lengthens as the night draws on.Its step funereal lingers like the swingOf passing bell--'tis death, or else the king.'Tis he, the man by whom men live and die;But could one look beyond that phantom eye,As by the wall he leans a little space,And see what shadows fill his soul's dark place,Not the fair child, the waters clear, the flowersGolden with sunset--not the birds, the bowers--No; 'neath that eye, those fatal brows that keepThe fathomless brain, like ocean, dark and deep,There, as in moving mirage, should one findA fleet of ships that go before the wind:On the foamed wave, and 'neath the starlight pale,The strain and rattle of a fleet in sail,And through the fog an isle on her white rockHearkening from far the thunder's coming shock.
Still by the water's edge doth silent standThe Infanta with the rose-flower in her hand,Caresses it with eyes as blue as heaven;Sudden a breeze, such breeze as panting evenFrom her full heart flings out to field and brake,Ruffles the waters, bids the rushes shake,And makes through all their green recesses swellThe massive myrtle and the asphodel.To the fair child it comes, and tears awayOn its strong wing the rose-flower from the spray.On the wild waters casts it bruised and torn,And the Infanta only holds a thorn.Frightened, perplexed, she follows with her eyesInto the basin where her ruin lies,Looks up to heaven, and questions of the breezeThat had not feared her highness to displease;But all the pond is changed; anon so clear,Now back it swells, as though with rage and fear;A mimic sea its small waves rise and fall,And the poor rose is broken by them all.Its hundred leaves tossed wildly round and roundBeneath a thousand waves are whelmed and drowned;It was a foundering fleet you might have said;And the duenna with her face of shade,--"Madam," for she had marked her ruffled mind,"All things belong to princes--but God's wind."
Words in this poem 29
- duenna n.
- The chief lady in waiting on the queen of Spain. Brande. [Sp. dueña, doña, fr. L. domina. See Dame.]
- infanta n.
- A title borne by every one of the daughters of the kings of Spain and Portugal, except the eldest. [Sp. & Pg., fem. of infante. See Infante.]
- drank n.
- Wild oats, or darnel grass. See Drake a plant. [Cf. 3d Drake.]
- starred a.
- Adorned or studded with stars; bespangled. [From Star.]
- trode n.
- Tread; footing. [AS. trod, fr. tredan to tread. See Tread.]
- bodice n.
- A kind of under waist stiffened with whalebone, etc., worn esp. by women; a corset; stays. [This is properly the plural of body, Oe. bodise a pair of bodies, equiv. to a bodice. Cf. Corset, and see Body.]
- carmine n.
- A rich red or crimson color with a shade of purple. [F. carmin (cf. Sp. carmin, It. carminio), contr. from LL. carmesinus purple color. See Crimson.]
- purpureal a.
- Of a purple color; purple.
- flitting n.
- A flying with lightness and celerity; a fluttering.
- magnificence n.
- The act of doing what magnificent; the state or quality of being magnificent. Acts xix. 27. [F. magnificence, L. magnificentia. See Magnific.]
- graveness n.
- The quality of being grave.
- duchess n.
- The wife or widow of a duke; also, a lady who has the sovereignty of a duchy in her own right. [F. duchesse, fr. duc duke.]
- circlet n.
- A little circle; esp., an ornament for the person, having the form of a circle; that which encircles, as a ring, a bracelet, or a headband.
- shall v. i.
- To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
- cull v. t.
- To separate, select, or pick out; to choose and gather or collect; as, to cuil flowers. [OE., OF. cuillir, coillir, F.cueillir, to gather, pluck, pick, fr. L. colligere. See Coil, v. t., and cf. Collect.]
- saith
- 3d pers. sing. pres. of Say.
- mitre n.
- A covering for the head, worn on solemn occasions by church dignitaries. It has been made in many forms, the present form being a lofty cap with two points or peaks. Fairholt.
- dreadful a.
- Full of dread or terror; fearful.
- pane n.
- The narrow edge of a hammer head. See Peen. [F. panne.]
- vapory a.
- Full of vapors; vaporous.
- ghost n.
- The spirit; the soul of man. [OE. gast, gost, soul, spirit, AS. gast breath, spirit, soul; akin to OS. g spirit, soul, D. geest, G. geist, and prob. to E. gaze, ghastly.]
- casement n.
- A window sash opening on hinges affixed to the upright side of the frame into which it is fitted. (Poetically) A window. [Shortened fr. encasement. See Incase 1st Case, and cf. Incasement.]
- fathomless a.
- Incapable of being fathomed; immeasurable; that can not be sounded.
- starlight n.
- The light given by the stars.
- isle v. t.
- To cause to become an island, or like an island; to surround or encompass; to island.
- asphodel n.
- A general name for a plant of the genus Asphodelus. The asphodels are hardy perennial plants, several species of which are cultivated for the beauty of their flowers. [L. asphodelus, Gr. Daffodil.]
- highness n.
- The state of being high; elevation; loftiness. [AS. heáhnes.]
- displease v. i.
- To give displeasure or offense.
- anon adv.
- Straightway; at once. [OE. anoon, anon, anan, lit., in one (moment), fr. AS. on in + an one. See On and One.]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
A Queen Five Summers Old is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #8775, the various hands translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Victor Hugo, A Queen Five Summers Old, in Poems (1888), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #8775, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/hugo-poems/a-queen-five-summers-old.html, id L26827.
Form and metre
A Queen Five Summers Old is 108 lines in 6 verse paragraphs. It is in rhyming couplets: heroic couplets. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 86%).
See other poems in heroic couplets, other poems in iambic pentameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 AABBCCDDD roseA · goesA · shineB · pineB · wingC · swingC · belowD · snowD · knowD
- 2 AABBCCDD awayA · layA · pondB · beyondB · brightC · lightC · trodeD · flowedD
- 3 AABBCCDDEEFFGGEE placeA · laceA · foldB · goldB · grandC · handC · tipD · lipD · thereE · fairE · speakF · cheekF · frameG · nameG · thereE · prayerE
- 4 AABBCCCCDDEE fateA · greatA · highB · byB · heavenC · evenC · sereneC · queenC · kneeD · beD · crowdE · proudE
- 5 AAABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNNOOPPQQRR wearA · fairA · chairA · flowerB · powerB · rightC · affrightC · standD · handD · vowE · browE · thickF · catholicF · showsG · goesG · beneathH · wreathH · roomI · tombI · wanJ · onJ · swingK · kingK · dieL · eyeL · spaceM · placeM · flowersN · bowersN · keepO · deepO · findP · windP · paleQ · sailQ · rockR · shockR
- 6 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMM standA · handA · heavenB · evenB · brakeC · shakeC · swellD · asphodelD · awayE · sprayE · tornF · thornF · eyesG · liesG · breezeH · displeaseH · clearI · fearI · fallJ · allJ · roundK · drownedK · saidL · shadeL · mindM · windM
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| She is so little--in her hands a rose: | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| A stern duenna watches where she goes, | 10 | ··˘/˘/˘··· |
| What sees Old Spain's Infanta--the clear shine | 10 | ····˘/˘··· |
| Of waters shadowed by the birch and pine. | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| What lies before? A swan with silver wing, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| The wave that murmurs to the branch's swing, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Or the deep garden flowering below? | 10 | ···/˘/˘˘·· |
| Fair as an angel frozen into snow, | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| The royal child looks on, and hardly seems to know. | 12 | ·/˘····/˘··· |
| As in a depth of glory far away, | 10 | ·····/˘·˘/ |
| Down in the green park, a lofty palace lay, | 11 | ······/˘/˘· |
| There, drank the deer from many a crystal pond, | 10 | ·····/·/˘· |
| And the starred peacock gemmed the shade beyond. | 10 | ···/······ |
| Around that child all nature shone more bright; | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Her innocence was as an added light. | 10 | ·/˘˘···/˘· |
| Rubies and diamonds strewed the grass she trode, | 10 | /˘·/˘····· |
| And jets of sapphire from the dolphins flowed. | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Still at the water's side she holds her place, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Her bodice bright is set with Genoa lace; | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| O'er her rich robe, through every satin fold, | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| Wanders an arabesque in threads of gold. | 10 | /˘········ |
| From its green urn the rose unfolding grand, | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| Weighs down the exquisite smallness of her hand. | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| And when the child bends to the red leafs tip, | 10 | ·········· |
| Her laughing nostril, and her carmine lip, | 10 | ·/˘/˘··/˘· |
| The royal flower purpureal, kissing there, | 11 | ·/˘/˘/˘˘/˘· |
| Hides more than half that young face bright and fair, | 10 | ·········· |
| So that the eye deceived can scarcely speak | 10 | ····˘/·/˘· |
| Where shows the rose, or where the rose-red cheek. | 10 | ·········· |
| Her eyes look bluer from their dark brown frame: | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Sweet eyes, sweet form, and Mary's sweeter name. | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| All joy, enchantment, perfume, waits she there, | 10 | ··˘/˘˘/··· |
| Heaven in her glance, her very name a prayer. | 10 | /····/˘··· |
| Yet 'neath the sky, and before life and fate, | 10 | ·········· |
| Poor child, she feels herself so vaguely great. | 10 | ····˘/·/˘· |
| With stately grace she gives her presence high | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| To dawn, to spring, to shadows flitting by, | 10 | ·····/·/˘· |
| To the dark sunset glories of the heaven, | 11 | ···/·/˘··/˘ |
| And all the wild magnificence of even; | 11 | ····˘/˘˘·/˘ |
| On nature waits, eternal and serene, | 10 | ·/˘·˘/˘·˘/ |
| With all the graveness of a little queen. | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| She never sees a man but on his knee, | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| She Duchess of Brabant one day will be, | 10 | ·/˘·/˘···· |
| Or rule Sardinia, or the Flemish crowd | 10 | ··˘/˘··/˘· |
| She is the Infanta, five years old, and proud. | 11 | ···˘/˘····· |
| Thus is it with kings' children, for they wear | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| A shadowy circlet on their forehead fair; | 10 | ·/˘/˘··/˘· |
| Their tottering steps are towards a kingly chair. | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| Calmly she waits, and breathes her gathered flower | 11 | /˘·····/˘/˘ |
| Till one shall cull for her imperial power. | 10 | ······˘/˘/ |
| Already her eye saith, "It is my right;" | 10 | ˘/˘······· |
| Even love flows from her, mingled with affright. | 10 | /····/˘·˘/ |
| If some one seeing her so fragile stand, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Were it to save her, should put forth his hand, | 10 | ·········· |
| Ere he had made a step, or breathed a vow, | 10 | ·········· |
| The scaffold's shadow were upon his brow. | 10 | ·/˘/······ |
| While the child laughs, beyond the bastion thick | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Of that vast palace, Roman Catholic, | 9 | ···/˘/˘/˘ |
| Whose every turret like a mitre shows, | 10 | ·/˘/˘··/˘· |
| Behind the lattice something dreadful goes. | 10 | ···/˘/˘/˘· |
| Men shake to see a shadow from beneath | 10 | ·····/···· |
| Passing from pane to pane, like vapory wreath, | 11 | /˘·····/˘˘· |
| Pale, black, and still it glides from room to room; | 10 | ·········· |
| In the same spot, like ghost upon a tomb; | 10 | ·········· |
| Or glues its dark brown to the casement wan, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Dim shade that lengthens as the night draws on. | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Its step funereal lingers like the swing | 11 | ··˘/˘˘/˘··· |
| Of passing bell--'tis death, or else the king. | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| 'Tis he, the man by whom men live and die; | 10 | ·········· |
| But could one look beyond that phantom eye, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| As by the wall he leans a little space, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| And see what shadows fill his soul's dark place, | 10 | ···/······ |
| Not the fair child, the waters clear, the flowers | 11 | ·····/˘··/˘ |
| Golden with sunset--not the birds, the bowers-- | 11 | /˘·/·····/˘ |
| No; 'neath that eye, those fatal brows that keep | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| The fathomless brain, like ocean, dark and deep, | 10 | ·/˘˘··/··· |
| There, as in moving mirage, should one find | 10 | ···/˘˘/··· |
| A fleet of ships that go before the wind: | 10 | ·········· |
| On the foamed wave, and 'neath the starlight pale, | 10 | ·······/·· |
| The strain and rattle of a fleet in sail, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| And through the fog an isle on her white rock | 10 | ·········· |
| Hearkening from far the thunder's coming shock. | 11 | ······/˘/˘· |
| Still by the water's edge doth silent stand | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| The Infanta with the rose-flower in her hand, | 11 | ·˘/˘···/··· |
| Caresses it with eyes as blue as heaven; | 11 | ˘/˘······/˘ |
| Sudden a breeze, such breeze as panting even | 11 | /˘·····/˘/˘ |
| From her full heart flings out to field and brake, | 10 | ·········· |
| Ruffles the waters, bids the rushes shake, | 10 | /˘·/˘··/˘· |
| And makes through all their green recesses swell | 10 | ······/˘˘· |
| The massive myrtle and the asphodel. | 10 | ·/˘/˘··/˘˘ |
| To the fair child it comes, and tears away | 10 | ········˘/ |
| On its strong wing the rose-flower from the spray. | 10 | ······/··· |
| On the wild waters casts it bruised and torn, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| And the Infanta only holds a thorn. | 10 | ··˘/˘/˘··· |
| Frightened, perplexed, she follows with her eyes | 10 | /˘˘/·/˘··· |
| Into the basin where her ruin lies, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Looks up to heaven, and questions of the breeze | 10 | ···/·/˘··· |
| That had not feared her highness to displease; | 10 | ·····/˘·˘/ |
| But all the pond is changed; anon so clear, | 10 | ······˘/·· |
| Now back it swells, as though with rage and fear; | 10 | ·········· |
| A mimic sea its small waves rise and fall, | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| And the poor rose is broken by them all. | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Its hundred leaves tossed wildly round and round | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| Beneath a thousand waves are whelmed and drowned; | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| It was a foundering fleet you might have said; | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| And the duenna with her face of shade,-- | 10 | ··˘/˘····· |
| "Madam," for she had marked her ruffled mind, | 10 | /˘·····/˘· |
| "All things belong to princes--but God's wind." | 10 | ··˘/·/˘··· |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.