Autumn
I saw old Autumn in the misty mornStand shadowless like Silence, listeningTo silence, for no lonely bird would singInto his hollow ear from woods forlorn,Nor lowly hedge nor solitary thorn;Shaking his languid locks all dewy brightWith tangled gossamer that fell by night,Pearling his coronet of golden corn.
Where are the songs of Summer?--With the sun,Opening the dusky eyelids of the south,Till shade and silence waken up as one,And Morning sings with a warm odorous mouth.Where are the merry birds?--Away, away,On panting wings through the inclement skies,Lest owls should preyUndazzled at noon-day,And tear with horny beak their lustrous eyes.
Where are the blooms of Summer?--In the west,Blushing their last to the last sunny hours.When the mild Eve by sudden Night is prestLike tearful Proserpine, snatch'd from her flow'rsTo a most gloomy breast.Where is the pride of Summer,--the green prime,--The many, many leaves all twinkling?--ThreeOn the moss'd elm; three on the naked limeTrembling,--and one upon the old oak tree!Where is the Dryad's immortality?--Gone into mournful cypress and dark yew,Or wearing the long gloomy Winter throughIn the smooth holly's green eternity.The squirrel gloats on his accomplish'd hoard,The ants have brimm'd their garners with ripe grain,And honey been save storedThe sweets of summer in their luscious cells;The swallows all have wing'd across the main;But here the Autumn melancholy dwells,And sighs her tearful spellsAmongst the sunless shadows of the plain.Alone, alone,Upon a mossy stone,She sits and reckons up the dead and gone,With the last leaves for a love-rosary;Whilst all the wither'd world looks drearily,Like a dim picture of the drowned pastIn the hush'd mind's mysterious far-away,Doubtful what ghostly thing will steal the lastInto that distance, gray upon the gray.
O go and sit with her, and be o'ershadedUnder the languid downfall of her hair;She wears a coronal of flowers fadedUpon her forehead, and a face of care;--There is enough of wither'd everywhereTo make her bower,--and enough of gloom;There is enough of sadness to invite,If only for the rose that died, whose doomIs Beauty's,--she that with the living bloomOf conscious cheeks most beautifies the light:There is enough of sorrowing, and quiteEnough of bitter fruits the earth doth bear,--Enough of chilly droppings from her bowl;Enough of fear and shadowy despair,To frame her cloudy prison for the soul!
Words in this poem 18
- morn n.
- The first part of the day; the morning; -- used chiefly in poetry. [OE. morwen, morgen, AS. morgen; akin to D. morgen, OS. morgan, G. morgen, Icel. morginn, morgunn, Sw. morgon, Dan. morgen, Goth. maúrgins. Cf. Morrow, Morning.]
- shadowless a.
- Having no shadow.
- forlorn a.
- Deserted abandoned; lost. [OE., p.p. of forlesen to lose utterly, AS. forleósan (p.p. forloren); pref. for- + leósan (in comp.) to lose; cf. D. verliezen to lose, G. verlieren, Sw. förlor]
- gossamer n.
- A fine, filmy substance, like cobwebs, floating in the air, in calm, clear weather, especially in autumn. It is seen in stubble fields and on furze or low bushes, and is formed by small spiders. [OE. gossomer, gossummer, gosesomer, perh. for goose summer, from its downy appearance, or perh. for God's summer, cf. G. mariengarr gossamer, properly Mary's ya]
- waken v. i.
- To wake; to cease to sleep; to be awakened. [OE. waknen, AS. wæcnan; akin to Goth. gawaknan. See Wake, v. i.]
- inclement a.
- Not clement; destitute of a mild and kind temper; void of tenderness; unmerciful; severe; harsh. [L. inclemens; pref. in- not + clemens mild: cf. F. inclément. See Clement.]
- sunny a.
- Of or pertaining to the sun; proceeding from, or resembling the sun; hence, shining; bright; brilliant; radiant.
- prest a.
- Ready; prompt; prepared. [OF. prest, F. prêt, fr. L. praestus ready. Cf. Presto.]
- tearful a.
- Abounding with tears; weeping; shedding tears; as, tearful eyes.
- twinkling n.
- The act of one who, or of that which, twinkles; a quick movement of the eye; a wink; a twinkle. Holland.
- luscious a.
- Sweet; delicious; very grateful to the taste; toothsome; excessively sweet or rich. [Prob. for lustious, fr. lusty, or perh. a corruption of luxurious. Cf. Lush, Lusty.]
- amongst prep.
- Mixed or mingled; surrounded by. [OE. amongist, amonges, amonge, among, AS. onmang, ongemang, gemang, in a crowd or mixture. For the ending -st see Amidst. See Mingle.]
- sunless a.
- Destitute or deprived of the sun or its rays; shaded; shadowed.
- drearily adv.
- Gloomily; dismally.
- ghostly a.
- Relating to the soul; not carnal or secular; spiritual; as, a ghostly confessor. [OE. gastlich, gostlich, AS. gastlic. See Ghost.]
- downfall n.
- A sudden fall; a body of things falling.
- coronal a.
- Of or pertaining to a corona (in any of the senses). [L. coronalis: cf. F. coronal.]
- sadness n.
- Heaviness; firmness.
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
Autumn is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poetical Works of Thomas Hood, Project Gutenberg ebook #15652; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Thomas Hood, Autumn, in The Song of the Shirt, and Other Poems (1826–1845), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #15652, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/hood-poetical-works/autumn.html, id L20056.
Form and metre
Autumn is 62 lines in 4 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 88%).
See other poems in iambic pentameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 ABBAACCA mornA · listeningB · singB · forlornA · thornA · brightC · nightC · cornA
- 2 ABABCDCCD sunA · southB · oneA · mouthB · awayC · skiesD · preyC · dayC · eyesD
- 3 A-A-ABCBC-DD-EFEGFGGFHH---IJIJ westA · hours · prestA · flow'rs · breastA · primeB · threeC · limeB · treeC · immortality · yewD · throughD · eternity · hoardE · grainF · storedE · cellsG · mainF · dwellsG · spellsG · plainF · aloneH · stoneH · gone · rosary · drearily · pastI · awayJ · lastI · grayJ
- 4 ABABBCDCCDDBEBE o'ershadedA · hairB · fadedA · careB · everywhereB · gloomC · inviteD · doomC · bloomC · lightD · quiteD · bearB · bowlE · despairB · soulE
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| I saw old Autumn in the misty morn | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Stand shadowless like Silence, listening | 10 | ·/˘˘·/˘/˘˘ |
| To silence, for no lonely bird would sing | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| Into his hollow ear from woods forlorn, | 10 | ···/˘···˘/ |
| Nor lowly hedge nor solitary thorn; | 10 | ·/˘··/˘·˘· |
| Shaking his languid locks all dewy bright | 10 | /˘·/˘··/˘· |
| With tangled gossamer that fell by night, | 10 | ·/˘/˘˘···· |
| Pearling his coronet of golden corn. | 10 | /˘·/˘/·/˘· |
| Where are the songs of Summer?--With the sun, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Opening the dusky eyelids of the south, | 10 | /˘·/˘/···· |
| Till shade and silence waken up as one, | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| And Morning sings with a warm odorous mouth. | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| Where are the merry birds?--Away, away, | 10 | ···/˘·˘/˘/ |
| On panting wings through the inclement skies, | 10 | ·/˘···˘/˘· |
| Lest owls should prey | 4 | ···· |
| Undazzled at noon-day, | 5 | ····· |
| And tear with horny beak their lustrous eyes. | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Where are the blooms of Summer?--In the west, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Blushing their last to the last sunny hours. | 11 | /˘·····/˘/˘ |
| When the mild Eve by sudden Night is prest | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Like tearful Proserpine, snatch'd from her flow'rs | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| To a most gloomy breast. | 6 | ···/˘· |
| Where is the pride of Summer,--the green prime,-- | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| The many, many leaves all twinkling?--Three | 10 | ·//˘··/˘˘· |
| On the moss'd elm; three on the naked lime | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Trembling,--and one upon the old oak tree! | 10 | /˘········ |
| Where is the Dryad's immortality?-- | 9 | ·····˘/˘˘ |
| Gone into mournful cypress and dark yew, | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| Or wearing the long gloomy Winter through | 10 | ·/˘··/˘/˘· |
| In the smooth holly's green eternity. | 10 | ···/˘·˘/˘˘ |
| The squirrel gloats on his accomplish'd hoard, | 10 | ·/˘···˘/˘· |
| The ants have brimm'd their garners with ripe grain, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| And honey been save stored | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| The sweets of summer in their luscious cells; | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| The swallows all have wing'd across the main; | 10 | ·/˘···˘/·· |
| But here the Autumn melancholy dwells, | 10 | ···/˘/˘·˘· |
| And sighs her tearful spells | 6 | ···/˘· |
| Amongst the sunless shadows of the plain. | 10 | ···/˘/···· |
| Alone, alone, | 4 | ˘/˘/ |
| Upon a mossy stone, | 6 | ···/˘· |
| She sits and reckons up the dead and gone, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| With the last leaves for a love-rosary; | 10 | ·······/˘˘ |
| Whilst all the wither'd world looks drearily, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘˘ |
| Like a dim picture of the drowned past | 10 | ···/˘···˘· |
| In the hush'd mind's mysterious far-away, | 10 | ····˘/˘·˘/ |
| Doubtful what ghostly thing will steal the last | 10 | /˘·/˘····· |
| Into that distance, gray upon the gray. | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| O go and sit with her, and be o'ershaded | 11 | ··········· |
| Under the languid downfall of her hair; | 10 | ···/˘/···· |
| She wears a coronal of flowers faded | 11 | ···/˘˘·/˘/˘ |
| Upon her forehead, and a face of care;-- | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| There is enough of wither'd everywhere | 10 | ··˘/·/˘/˘· |
| To make her bower,--and enough of gloom; | 10 | ···/˘·˘/·· |
| There is enough of sadness to invite, | 10 | ··˘/·/˘·˘/ |
| If only for the rose that died, whose doom | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Is Beauty's,--she that with the living bloom | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| Of conscious cheeks most beautifies the light: | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| There is enough of sorrowing, and quite | 10 | ··˘/·/˘˘·· |
| Enough of bitter fruits the earth doth bear,-- | 10 | ˘/·/˘····· |
| Enough of chilly droppings from her bowl; | 10 | ˘/·/˘/˘··· |
| Enough of fear and shadowy despair, | 10 | ˘/···/˘˘˘/ |
| To frame her cloudy prison for the soul! | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.