Merchant of Venice

Thomas Hood (1799–1845) · 1827–1845

iambic pentameter · 109 lines · from Poems

A Poodle, Judge-like, with emphatic paw,Dogmatically laying down the law,--A batch of canine Counsel round the table,Keen-eyed, and sharp of nose, and long of jaw,At sight, at scent, at giving tongue, right able:O, Edwin Landseer, Esquire, and R.A.,Thou great Pictorial Æsop, say,What is the moral of this painted fable?O, say, accomplished artist!Was it thy purpose, by a scene so quizzical,To read a wholesome lesson to the Chartist,So over partial to the means called Physical,Sticks, staves, and swords, and guns, the tools of treason?To show, illustrating the better course,The very Brutes abandoning Brute Force,The worry and the fight,The bark and bite,In which, says Doctor Watts, the dogs delight,And lending shaggy ears to Law and Reason,As uttered in that Court of high antiquityWhere sits the Chancellor, supreme as Pope,But works--so let us hope--In equity, not iniquity?

Or was it but a speculationOn transmigration,How certain of our most distinguished Daniels,Interpreters of Law’s bewildering book,Would lookTransformed to mastiffs, setters, hounds, and spaniels(As Brahmins in their Hindoo code advance)With that great lawyer of the Upper HouseWho rules all suits by equitable nous,Become--like vile Armina’s spouse--A Dog, called Chance?Methinks, indeed, I recogniseIn those deep-set and meditative eyesEngaged in mental puzzle,And that portentous muzzle,A celebrated judge, too prone to tarryTo hesitate on devious ins and outs,And, on preceding doubts, to build re-doubtsThat regiments could not carry--Prolonging even Law’s delays, and stillPutting a skid upon the wheel up-hill,Meanwhile the weary and desponding clientSeem’d--in the agonies of indecision--In Doubting Castle, with that dreadful GiantDescribed in Bunyan’s Vision!

So slow, indeed, was justice in its ways,Beset by more than customary clogs,Going to law in those expensive daysWas much the same as going to the Dogs!But possibly I err,And that sagacious and judicial creature,So Chancellor-like in feature,With ears so wig-like, and a cap of fur,Looking as grave, responsible, and sage,As if he had the guardianship, in fact,Of all poor dogs, or crackt,And puppies under age--It may be that the Creature was not meantAny especial Lord to represent,Eldon or Erskine, Cottenham or Thurlow,Or Brougham (more like him whose potent jawIs holding forth the letter of the law),Or Lyndhurst, after the vacation’s furlough,Presently sitting in the House of Peers,On wool he sometimes wishes in his ears,When touching Corn Laws, Taxes, or Tithe-piggery,He hears a fierce attack,And, sitting on his sack,Listens in his great wig to greater Whiggery!

So, possibly, those others,In coats so various, or sleek, or rough,Aim not at any of the legal brothers,Who wear the silken robe, or gown of stuff.Yet who that ever heard or sawThe Counsel sitting in that solemn Court,Who, having passed the Bar, are safe in port,Or those great Sergeants, learned in the Law,--Who but must trace a feature now and thenOf those forensic men,As good at finding heirs as any harrier,Renown’d like greyhounds for long tales--indeed,At worrying the ear as apt as terriers,--Good at conveyance as the hairy carriersThat bear our gloves, umbrellas, hats, and sticks,Books, baskets, bones, or bricks,In Deeds of Trust as sure as Tray the trusty,--Acute at sniffing flaws on legal grounds,--And lastly--well the catalogue it closes!--Still following their predecessors’ noses,Through ways however dull or dusty,As fond of hunting precedents, as houndsOf running after foxes more than musty.

However slow or fast,Full of urbanity, or supercilious,In temper wild, serene, or atrabilious,Fluent of tongue, or prone to legal saw,The Dogs have got a Chancellor, at last,For Laying down the Law!And never may the canine race regret it,With whinings and repinings loud or deep,--Ragged in coat, and shortened in their keep,Worried by day, and troubled in their sleep,With cares that prey upon the heart and fret it--As human suitors have had cause to weep--For what is Law, unless poor Dogs can get itDog-cheap?

Words in this poem 27
poodle n.
A breed of dogs having curly hair, and often showing remarkable intelligence in the performance of tricks. [G. pudel.]
dogmatically adv.
In a dogmatic manner; positively; magisterially.
batch n.
The quantity of bread baked at one time. [OE. bache, bacche, fr. AS. bacan to bake; cf. G. gebäck and D. baksel. See Bake, v. t.]
artist n.
One who practices some mechanic art or craft; an artisan. [F. artiste, LL. artista, fr. L. ars. See Art, n., and cf. Artiste.]
quizzical a.
Relating to quizzing: given to quizzing; of the nature of a quiz; farcical; sportive.
chartist n.
A supporter or partisan of chartism. [Eng.]
speculation n.
The act of speculating. Specifically: -- (a) Examination by the eye; view. [L. speculatio a spying out, observation: cf. F. spéculation.]
transmigration n.
The act of passing from one country to another; migration. [F. transmigration, L. transmigratio.]
bewildering a.
Causing bewilderment or great perplexity; as, bewildering difficulties.
nous n.
Intellect; understanding; talent; -- used humorously.
spouse v. t.
To wed; to espouse. [See Espouse, and Spouse, n.]
methinks v.
It seems to me; I think. See Me. [AS. þyncan to seem, me þynceedh, me þuhte, OE. me thinketh, me thoughte; akin to G. dünken to seem, denken to think, and E. think. See Me, and Think.]
recognise v. t.
To know again; to perceive the identity of, with a person or thing previously known; to recover or recall knowledge of. [From Recognizance; see Cognition, and cf. Reconnoiter.]
portentous a.
Of the nature of a portent; containing portents; foreschadowing, esp. foreschadowing ill; ominous. [L. portentosus.]
devious a.
Out of a straight line; winding; varying from directness; as, a devious path or way. [L. devius; de + via way. See Viaduct.]
meanwhile n.
The intervening time; as, in the meantime (or mean time).
indecision n.
Want of decision; want of settled purpose, or of firmness; indetermination; wavering of mind; irresolution; vacillation; hesitation. [Pref. in- not + decision: cf. F. indécision.]
dreadful a.
Full of dread or terror; fearful.
furlough n.
Leave of abserice; especially, leave given to an offcer or soldier to be absent from service for a certain time; also, the document granting leave of absence. [Prob. fr. D. verlof, fr. a prefix akin to E. for + the root of E. lief, and akin to Dan. forlov, Sw. förlof, G. verlaub permission. See Life, a.]
presently adv.
At present; at this time; now.
piggery n.
A place where swine are kept.
whiggery n.
The principles or practices of the Whigs; Whiggism.
forensic a.
Belonging to courts of judicature or to public discussion and debate; used in legal proceedings, or in public discussions; argumentative; rhetorical; as, forensic eloquence or disputes. [L. forensis, fr. forum a public place, market place. See Forum.]
harrier n.
One of a small breed of hounds, used for hunting hares. [From Hare, n.]
sniffing n.
A rapid inspiratory act, in which the mouth is kept shut and the air drawn in through the nose.
urbanity n.
The quality or state of being urbane; civility or courtesy of manners; politeness; refinement. [L. urbanitas; cf. F. urbanité.]
atrabilious a.
Melancholic or hypochondriac; atrabiliary. Dunglision.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Merchant of Venice is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Comic Poems of Thomas Hood A New and Complete Edition, Project Gutenberg ebook #56712; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Thomas Hood, Merchant of Venice, in Poems (1827–1845), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #56712, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/hood-poems/merchant-of-venice.html, id L06762.

Form and metre

Merchant of Venice is 109 lines in 5 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 89%). 91% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 9.2 syllables. 39 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 18% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABAB--BC-C-DEEFFFD-GG- pawA · lawA · tableB · jawA · ableB · r.a · say · fableB · artistC · quizzical · chartistC · physical · treasonD · courseE · forceE · fightF · biteF · delightF · reasonD · antiquity · popeG · hopeG · iniquity
  2. 2 AABCCBDE-EDFFGGHIIHJJKLKL speculationA · transmigrationA · danielsB · bookC · lookC · spanielsB · advanceD · houseE · nous · spouseE · chanceD · recogniseF · eyesF · puzzleG · muzzleG · tarryH · outsI · doubtsI · carryH · stillJ · hillJ · clientK · indecisionL · giantK · visionL
  3. 3 ABABCDDCEFFEGGHIIHJJKLLK waysA · clogsB · daysA · dogsB · errC · creatureD · featureD · furC · sageE · factF · cracktF · ageE · meantG · representG · thurlowH · jawI · lawI · furloughH · peersJ · earsJ · piggeryK · attackL · sackL · whiggeryK
  4. 4 ABABCDDCEE--FFGGHIJJHIH othersA · roughB · brothersA · stuffB · sawC · courtD · portD · lawC · thenE · menE · harrier · indeed · terriersF · carriersF · sticksG · bricksG · trustyH · groundsI · closesJ · nosesJ · dustyH · houndsI · mustyH
  5. 5 ABBCACDEEEDEDE fastA · superciliousB · atrabiliousB · sawC · lastA · lawC · itD · deepE · keepE · sleepE · itD · weepE · itD · cheapE
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
A Poodle, Judge-like, with emphatic paw,10·/˘···˘/˘·
Dogmatically laying down the law,--8˘/˘/˘···
A batch of canine Counsel round the table,11···/·/˘··/˘
Keen-eyed, and sharp of nose, and long of jaw,10··········
At sight, at scent, at giving tongue, right able:11·····/˘··/˘
O, Edwin Landseer, Esquire, and R.A.,10·/˘··/····
Thou great Pictorial Æsop, say,8··˘/˘˘··
What is the moral of this painted fable?11···/˘··/˘/˘
O, say, accomplished artist!8··˘/˘˘/˘
Was it thy purpose, by a scene so quizzical,11···/˘····/˘
To read a wholesome lesson to the Chartist,11···/˘/˘··/˘
So over partial to the means called Physical,10··/˘····/˘
Sticks, staves, and swords, and guns, the tools of treason?11·········/˘
To show, illustrating the better course,10··/˘·˘·/˘·
The very Brutes abandoning Brute Force,9·/˘·˘/˘··
The worry and the fight,6·/˘···
The bark and bite,4····
In which, says Doctor Watts, the dogs delight,10···/˘···˘/
And lending shaggy ears to Law and Reason,11·/˘/˘····/˘
As uttered in that Court of high antiquity11·/˘·····˘/˘
Where sits the Chancellor, supreme as Pope,9···/˘˘/··
But works--so let us hope--6······
In equity, not iniquity?9·/˘˘·˘/˘˘
Or was it but a speculation9······˘/˘
On transmigration,5·····
How certain of our most distinguished Daniels,11·/˘·/·˘/˘/˘
Interpreters of Law’s bewildering book,9˘/˘··˘/˘·
Would look2··
Transformed to mastiffs, setters, hounds, and spaniels11˘/·/˘/˘··/˘
(As Brahmins in their Hindoo code advance)10·/˘·····˘/
With that great lawyer of the Upper House10···/˘··/˘·
Who rules all suits by equitable nous,8·····/˘·
Become--like vile Armina’s spouse--8˘/··˘/˘·
A Dog, called Chance?4····
Methinks, indeed, I recognise8˘/˘/·/˘·
In those deep-set and meditative eyes10·····/˘·˘·
Engaged in mental puzzle,8˘/˘·/˘/˘
And that portentous muzzle,7··˘/˘/˘
A celebrated judge, too prone to tarry11·/˘·˘····/˘
To hesitate on devious ins and outs,10·/˘··/˘···
And, on preceding doubts, to build re-doubts10··˘/˘·····
That regiments could not carry--8·/˘˘··/˘
Prolonging even Law’s delays, and still9˘/˘/·˘/··
Putting a skid upon the wheel up-hill,10/˘········
Meanwhile the weary and desponding client11/··/˘····/˘
Seem’d--in the agonies of indecision--9···/˘·˘/˘
In Doubting Castle, with that dreadful Giant11·/˘/˘··/˘/˘
Described in Bunyan’s Vision!8˘/˘·/˘/˘
So slow, indeed, was justice in its ways,10··˘/·/˘···
Beset by more than customary clogs,10˘/···/˘·˘·
Going to law in those expensive days9/····˘/˘·
Was much the same as going to the Dogs!9·····/···
But possibly I err,6·/˘˘··
And that sagacious and judicial creature,11··˘/˘·˘/˘/˘
So Chancellor-like in feature,8·/˘˘··/˘
With ears so wig-like, and a cap of fur,10··········
Looking as grave, responsible, and sage,9/˘··˘/˘··
As if he had the guardianship, in fact,9·····/˘··
Of all poor dogs, or crackt,6······
And puppies under age--6·/˘···
It may be that the Creature was not meant10·····/˘···
Any especial Lord to represent,10/˘˘/˘···˘/
Eldon or Erskine, Cottenham or Thurlow,11˘/·/·····/˘
Or Brougham (more like him whose potent jaw10·/˘····/˘·
Is holding forth the letter of the law),10·/˘··/˘···
Or Lyndhurst, after the vacation’s furlough,11·/˘···˘/˘/˘
Presently sitting in the House of Peers,9/˘/˘·····
On wool he sometimes wishes in his ears,10···/·/˘···
When touching Corn Laws, Taxes, or Tithe-piggery,12·/˘··/˘··/˘˘
He hears a fierce attack,6····˘/
And, sitting on his sack,6·/˘···
Listens in his great wig to greater Whiggery!12/˘·····/˘/˘˘
So, possibly, those others,7·/˘˘·/˘
In coats so various, or sleek, or rough,9···/˘····
Aim not at any of the legal brothers,11···/˘··/˘/˘
Who wear the silken robe, or gown of stuff.10···/˘·····
Yet who that ever heard or saw8···/˘···
The Counsel sitting in that solemn Court,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Who, having passed the Bar, are safe in port,10·/˘·······
Or those great Sergeants, learned in the Law,--9···/˘····
Who but must trace a feature now and then10·····/˘···
Of those forensic men,6··˘/˘·
As good at finding heirs as any harrier,11···/˘··/˘/˘
Renown’d like greyhounds for long tales--indeed,10˘/·/····˘/
At worrying the ear as apt as terriers,--10·/˘·····/˘
Good at conveyance as the hairy carriers11··˘/˘··/˘/˘
That bear our gloves, umbrellas, hats, and sticks,10··/·˘/˘···
Books, baskets, bones, or bricks,6·/˘···
In Deeds of Trust as sure as Tray the trusty,--11·········/˘
Acute at sniffing flaws on legal grounds,--10˘/·/˘··/˘·
And lastly--well the catalogue it closes!--11·/˘··/˘··/˘
Still following their predecessors’ noses,10·/˘··˘/˘/˘
Through ways however dull or dusty,9···/˘··/˘
As fond of hunting precedents, as hounds9···/˘/˘··
Of running after foxes more than musty.11·/˘··/˘··/˘
However slow or fast,6·/˘···
Full of urbanity, or supercilious,11··˘/˘˘··˘/˘
In temper wild, serene, or atrabilious,11·/˘·˘/·····
Fluent of tongue, or prone to legal saw,10/˘·····/˘·
The Dogs have got a Chancellor, at last,9·····/˘··
For Laying down the Law!6·/˘···
And never may the canine race regret it,10·/··/··˘/·
With whinings and repinings loud or deep,--10·/˘·······
Ragged in coat, and shortened in their keep,10/˘···/˘···
Worried by day, and troubled in their sleep,10/˘···/˘···
With cares that prey upon the heart and fret it--11···········
As human suitors have had cause to weep--10·/˘/˘·····
For what is Law, unless poor Dogs can get it11···········
Dog-cheap?2··
Notes from the edition 1

Notes from The Comic Poems of Thomas Hood (Project Gutenberg #56712).

  1. Stanza 2, line 11 See the story of Sidi Nonman, in the “Arabian Nights.”

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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