Finland

Robert Graves (1895–1985) · 1917

iambic tetrameter · 11 lines · from Fairies and Fusiliers

Feet and faces tingleIn that frore land:Legs wobble and go wingle,You scarce can stand.

The skies are jewelled all around,The ploughshare snaps in the iron ground,The Finn with face like paperAnd eyes like a lighted taperHurls his rough runeAt the wintry moonAnd stamps to mark the tune.

Words in this poem

tingle v. i.
To feel a kind of thrilling sensation, as in hearing a shrill sound. [Freq. of ting. Cf. Tinkle.]
scarce a.
Not plentiful or abundant; in small quantity in proportion to the demand; not easily to be procured; rare; uncommon. [OE. scars, OF. escars, eschars, LL. scarpsus, for L. excerptus, p. p. of excerpere to pick out, and hence to contract, to shorten; ex (see Ex-) + carpere. See C]
ploughshare n.
The share of a plow, or that part which cuts the slice of earth or sod at the bottom of the furrow. Plowshare bone (Anat.), the pygostyle.
finn a.
A native of Finland; one of the FinnFinns.
rune n.
A letter, or character, belonging to the written language of the ancient Norsemen, or Scandinavians; in a wider sense, applied to the letters of the ancient nations of Northern Europe in general. [AS. run a rune, a secret, a mystery; akin to Icel. run, OHG. & Goth. runa a secret, secret colloquy, G. & Dan. rune rune, and probably to Gr. 'ereyna^n to searc]
wintry a.
Suitable to winter; resembling winter, or what belongs to winter; brumal; hyemal; cold; stormy; wintery. [AS. wintrig.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Finland is in the public domain. This text is taken from Fairies and Fusiliers, Project Gutenberg ebook #10122; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Robert Graves, Finland, in Fairies and Fusiliers (1917), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #10122, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/graves-fairies/finland.html, id L02419.

Form and metre

Finland is 11 lines in 2 stanzas. 97% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 6.1 syllables. 3 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 46% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABAB tingleA · landB · wingleA · standB
  2. 2 AABBCCC aroundA · groundA · paperB · taperB · runeC · moonC · tuneC
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Feet and faces tingle6··/˘/˘
In that frore land:4····
Legs wobble and go wingle,7·/˘····
You scarce can stand.4····
The skies are jewelled all around,8···/˘···
The ploughshare snaps in the iron ground,8·/˘···/·
The Finn with face like paper7·····/˘
And eyes like a lighted taper8····/˘/˘
Hurls his rough rune4····
At the wintry moon5··/˘·
And stamps to mark the tune.6······

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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