Christmas Trees

Robert Frost (1874–1963) · 1916

iambic pentameter · unrhymed · 60 lines · from Mountain Interval

The city had withdrawn into itselfAnd left at last the country to the country;When between whirls of snow not come to lieAnd whirls of foliage not yet laid, there droveA stranger to our yard, who looked the city,Yet did in country fashion in that thereHe sat and waited till he drew us outA-buttoning coats to ask him who he was.He proved to be the city come againTo look for something it had left behindAnd could not do without and keep its Christmas.He asked if I would sell my Christmas trees;My woods--the young fir balsams like a placeWhere houses all are churches and have spires.I hadn't thought of them as Christmas Trees.I doubt if I was tempted for a momentTo sell them off their feet to go in carsAnd leave the slope behind the house all bare,Where the sun shines now no warmer than the moon.I'd hate to have them know it if I was.Yet more I'd hate to hold my trees exceptAs others hold theirs or refuse for them,Beyond the time of profitable growth,The trial by market everything must come to.I dallied so much with the thought of selling.Then whether from mistaken courtesyAnd fear of seeming short of speech, or whetherFrom hope of hearing good of what was mine,I said, "There aren't enough to be worth while.""I could soon tell how many they would cut,You let me look them over."

"You could look.But don't expect I'm going to let you have them."Pasture they spring in, some in clumps too closeThat lop each other of boughs, but not a fewQuite solitary and having equal boughsAll round and round. The latter he nodded "Yes" to,Or paused to say beneath some lovelier one,With a buyer's moderation, "That would do."I thought so too, but wasn't there to say so.We climbed the pasture on the south, crossed over,And came down on the north.

He felt some need of softening that to me:"A thousand trees would come to thirty dollars."

Then I was certain I had never meantTo let him have them. Never show surprise!But thirty dollars seemed so small besideThe extent of pasture I should strip, three cents(For that was all they figured out apiece),Three cents so small beside the dollar friendsI should be writing to within the hourWould pay in cities for good trees like those,Regular vestry-trees whole Sunday SchoolsCould hang enough on to pick off enough.A thousand Christmas trees I didn't know I had!Worth three cents more to give away than sell,As may be shown by a simple calculation.Too bad I couldn't lay one in a letter.I can't help wishing I could send you one,In wishing you herewith a Merry Christmas.

Words in this poem

drove n.
A collection of cattle driven, or cattle collected for driving; a number of animals, as oxen, sheep, or swine, driven in a body. [AS. draf, fr. drifan to drive. See Drive.]
expect v. t.
To wait for; to await. [L. expectatum, to look out for, await, expect; ex + out spectare to look at. See Spectacle.]
apiece adv.
Each by itself; by the single one; to each; as the share of each; as, these melons cost a shilling apiece. [Pref. a- + piece.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Christmas Trees is in the public domain. This text is taken from Mountain Interval, Project Gutenberg ebook #29345; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Robert Frost, Christmas Trees, in Mountain Interval (1916), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #29345, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/frost-mountain-interval/christmas-trees.html, id L02639.

Form and metre

Christmas Trees is 60 lines in 4 verse paragraphs. It is unrhymed, as far as the pronouncing dictionary can tell. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 88%). 95% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.2 syllables. 11 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 37% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic pentameter, other poems in blank verse.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ----------A-A------------------ itself · country · lie · drove · city · there · out · was · again · behind · christmasA · trees · placeA · spires · trees · moment · cars · bare · moon · was · except · them · growth · to · selling · courtesy · whether · mine · while · cut · over
  2. 2 ---A-A-A--- look · them · close · fewA · boughs · toA · one · doA · so · over · north
  3. 4 ------------A-A- meant · surprise · beside · cents · apiece · friends · hour · those · schools · enough · had · sell · calculationA · letter · oneA · christmas
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
The city had withdrawn into itself10·/˘·˘/··˘/
And left at last the country to the country;11·····/˘··/˘
When between whirls of snow not come to lie10··········
And whirls of foliage not yet laid, there drove10···/˘·····
A stranger to our yard, who looked the city,11·/˘·/····/˘
Yet did in country fashion in that there10···/˘/˘···
He sat and waited till he drew us out10···/˘·····
A-buttoning coats to ask him who he was.10·/˘·······
He proved to be the city come again10·····/˘·˘/
To look for something it had left behind10···/˘·····
And could not do without and keep its Christmas.11·········/˘
He asked if I would sell my Christmas trees;10·······/˘·
My woods--the young fir balsams like a place10·····/˘···
Where houses all are churches and have spires.10·/˘··/˘···
I hadn't thought of them as Christmas Trees.10·/˘····/˘·
I doubt if I was tempted for a moment11·····/˘··/˘
To sell them off their feet to go in cars10··········
And leave the slope behind the house all bare,10··········
Where the sun shines now no warmer than the moon.11······/˘···
I'd hate to have them know it if I was.10··········
Yet more I'd hate to hold my trees except10··········
As others hold theirs or refuse for them,10·/˘···˘/··
Beyond the time of profitable growth,10·····/˘˘˘·
The trial by market everything must come to.12·/˘·/˘/˘····
I dallied so much with the thought of selling.11·/˘······/˘
Then whether from mistaken courtesy10····˘/˘/˘˘
And fear of seeming short of speech, or whether11···/˘······
From hope of hearing good of what was mine,10···/˘·····
I said, "There aren't enough to be worth while."11···/˘˘/····
"I could soon tell how many they would cut,10·····/˘···
You let me look them over."7·······
"You could look.3···
But don't expect I'm going to let you have them."11··˘/·/·····
Pasture they spring in, some in clumps too close10/˘········
That lop each other of boughs, but not a few11···/˘······
Quite solitary and having equal boughs11·/˘·˘·/˘/˘·
All round and round. The latter he nodded "Yes" to,12·····/˘·/˘··
Or paused to say beneath some lovelier one,11···········
With a buyer's moderation, "That would do."10··/·˘/˘···
I thought so too, but wasn't there to say so.11·····/˘····
We climbed the pasture on the south, crossed over,10···/˘·····
And came down on the north.6······
He felt some need of softening that to me:10·····/˘···
"A thousand trees would come to thirty dollars."11·/˘····/˘/˘
Then I was certain I had never meant10···/˘··/˘·
To let him have them. Never show surprise!10·····/˘·˘/
But thirty dollars seemed so small beside10·/˘/˘···˘/
The extent of pasture I should strip, three cents11·˘/·/˘·····
(For that was all they figured out apiece),10·····/˘·˘/
Three cents so small beside the dollar friends10····˘/·/˘·
I should be writing to within the hour11···/˘····/˘
Would pay in cities for good trees like those,10···/˘·····
Regular vestry-trees whole Sunday Schools10/˘˘/˘··/··
Could hang enough on to pick off enough.10··˘/····˘/
A thousand Christmas trees I didn't know I had!12·/˘/˘··/˘···
Worth three cents more to give away than sell,10······˘/··
As may be shown by a simple calculation.12······/˘·˘/˘
Too bad I couldn't lay one in a letter.11···/˘····/˘
I can't help wishing I could send you one,10···/˘·····
In wishing you herewith a Merry Christmas.11·/˘·//·/˘/˘

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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