The Pyramids of Egypt

Philip Freneau (1752–1832) · 1786–1815

iambic pentameter · 135 lines · from Columbus to Ferdinand, and other poems

Where are those famed piles of human grandeur,Those sphinxes, pyramids, and Pompey's pillar,That bid defiance to the arm of Time--Tell me, dear Genius: for I long to see them.

At Alexandria rises Pompey's pillar,Whose birth is but of yesterday, compar'dWith those prodigious fabricks that you seeO'er yonder distant plain--upon whose breastOld Nile hath never roll'd his swelling streams,The only plain so privileg'd in Egypt.These pyramids may well excite your wonder,They are of most remote antiquity,Almost co-eval with those cloud-crown'd hillsThat westward from them rise--'twas the same ageThat saw old Babel's tower aspiring high,When first the sage Egyptian architectsThese ancient turrets to the heavens rais'd;--But Babel's tower is gone, and these remain!

Old Rome I thought unrivall'd in her years,At least the remnants that we find of Rome,But these, you tell me, are of older date.

Talk not of Rome!--before they lopt a bushFrom the seven hills where Rome, earth's empress, stood,These pyramids were old--their birth day isBeyond tradition's reach, or history.

Then let us haste toward those piles of wonderThat scorn to bend beneath this weight of years--Lo! to my view, the aweful mansions riseThe pride of art, the sleeping place of death!Are these the four prodigious monumentsThat so astonish every generation--Let us examine this, the first and greatest--A secret horror chills my breast, dear Genius,To touch these monuments that are so ancient,The fearful property of ghosts and death!--Yet of such mighty bulk that I presumeA race of giants were the architects.--Since these proud fabricks to the heavens were rais'dHow many generations have decay'd,How many monarchies to ruin pass'd!How many empires had their rise and fall!While these remain--and promise to remainAs long as yonder sun shall gild their summits,Or moon or stars their wonted circles run.

The time will comeWhen these stupendous piles you deem immortal,Worn out with age, shall moulder on their bases,And down, down, low to endless ruin verging,O'erwhelm'd by dust, be seen and known no more!--Ages ago, in dark oblivion's lapHad they been shrouded, but the atmosphereIn these parch'd climates, hostile to decay,Is pregnant with no rain, that by its moistureMight waste their bulk in such excess of time,And prove them merely mortal.'Twas on this plain the ancient Memphis stood,Her walls encircled these tall pyramids--But where is Pharoah's palace, where the domesOf Egypt's haughty lords?--all, all are gone,And like the phantom snows of a May morningLeft not a vestige to discover them!

How shall I reach the vortex of this pile--How shall I clamber up its shelving sides?I scarce endure to glance toward the summit,It seems among the clouds--When was't thou rais'd,O work of more than mortal majesty--Was this produc'd by persevering man,Or did the gods erect this pyramid?

Nor gods, nor giants rais'd this pyramid--It was the toil of mortals like yourselfThat swell'd it to the skies--See'st thou yon' little door? Through that they pass'd,Who rais'd so high this aggregate of wonders!What cannot tyrants do,When they have subject nations at their will,And the world's wealth to gratify ambition!Millions of slaves beneath their labours faintedWho here were doom'd to toil incessantly,And years elaps'd while groaning myriads stroveTo raise this mighty tomb--and but to hideThe worthless bones of an Egyptian king.--O wretch, could not a humbler tomb have done,Could nothing but a pyramid inter thee!

Perhaps old Jacob's race, when here oppress'd,Rais'd, in their years of bondage this dread pile.

Before the Jewish patriarchs saw the light,While yet the globe was in its infancyThese were erected to the pride of man--Four thousand years have run their tedious roundSince these smooth stones were on each other laid,Four thousand more may run as dull a roundEre Egypt sees her pyramids decay'd.

But suffer me to enter, and beholdThe interior wonders of this edifice.

'Tis darkness all, with hateful silence join'd--Here drowsy bats enjoy a dull repose,And marble coffins, vacant of their bones,Show where the royal dead in ruin lay!By every pyramid a temple roseWhere oft in concert those of ancient timeSung to their goddess Isis hymns of praise;But these are fallen!--their columns too superbAre levell'd with the dust--nor these alone--Where is thy vocal statue, Memnon, now,That once, responsive to the morning beams,Harmoniously to father Phoebus sung!Where is the image that in past time stoodHigh on the summit of yon' pyramid?--Still may you see its polish'd pedestal--Where art thou ancient Thebes?----all bury'd low,All vanish'd! crumbled into mother dust,And nothing of antiquity remainsBut these huge pyramids, and yonder hills.

Old Babel's tower hath felt my potent armI ruin'd Ecbatan and Babylon,Thy huge Colossus, Rhodes, I tumbled down,And on these pyramids I smote my scythe;But they resist its edge--then let them stand.But I can boast a greater feat than this,I long ago have shrouded those in deathWho made those structures rebels to my power--But, O return!--These piles are not immortal!This earth, with all its balls of hills and mountains,Shall perish by my hand--then how can these,These hoary headed pyramids of Egypt,That are but dwindled warts upon her body,That on a little, little spot of groundExtinguish the dull radiance of the sun,Be proof to Death and me?----Traveller return--There's nought but God immortal----He aloneExists secure, when Man, and Death, and Time,(Time not immortal, but a fancied pointIn the vast circle of eternity)Are swallow'd up, and, like the pyramids,Leave not an atom for their monument!

Words in this poem 26
prodigious a.
Of the nature of a prodigy; marvelous; wonderful; portentous. [L. prodigiosus, fr. prodigium a prodigy; cf. F. prodigieux. See Prodigy.]
yonder adv.
At a distance, but within view. [OE. yonder, ýonder; cf. OD. ginder, Goth. jaindr there. Yond, adv.]
aspiring a.
That aspires; as, an Aspiring mind.
astonish v. t.
To stun; to render senseless, as by a blow. [OE. astonien, astunian, astonen, OF. estoner, F. étonner, fr. L. ex out + tonare to thunder, but perhaps influenced by E. stun. See Thunder, Astound, Astony.]
presume v. t.
To assume or take beforehand; esp., to do or undertake without leave or authority previously obtained. [F. présumer, L. praesumere, praesumptum; prae before + sumere to take. See Assume, Redeem.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
wonted a.
Accustomed; customary; usual.
stupendous a.
Astonishing; wonderful; amazing; especially, astonishing in magnitude or elevation; as, a stupendous pile. [L. stupendus astonishing, p. future pass. of stupere to be astonished at. Cf. Stupid.]
deem v. t.
To decide; to judge; to sentence; to condemn. [OE. demen to judge, condemn, AS. d, fr. d doom; akin to OFries. d, OS. ad, D. doemen, OHG. tuommen, Icel. dæma, Sw. dömma, Dan. dömme, Goth. d. See Doom, n., an]
moulder n.
One who, or that which, molds or forms into shape; specifically (Founding), one skilled in the art of making molds for castings.
haughty a.
High; lofty; bold. [OE. hautein, F. hautain, fr. haut high, OF. also halt, fr. L. altus. See Altitude.]
discover v. i.
To discover or show one's self.
clamber v. i.
To climb with difficulty, or with hands and feet; -- also used figuratively. [OE clambren, clameren, to heap together, climb; akin to Icel. klambra to clamp, G. klammern. Cf. Clamp, Climb.]
shelving a.
Sloping gradually; inclining; as, a shelving shore.
scarce a.
Not plentiful or abundant; in small quantity in proportion to the demand; not easily to be procured; rare; uncommon. [OE. scars, OF. escars, eschars, LL. scarpsus, for L. excerptus, p. p. of excerpere to pick out, and hence to contract, to shorten; ex (see Ex-) + carpere. See C]
wealth n.
Weal; welfare; prosperity; good. [OE. welthe, from wele; cf. D. weelde luxury. See Weal prosperity.]
incessantly adv.
Unceasingly; continually.
humbler n.
One who, or that which, humbles some one.
hateful a.
Manifesting hate or hatred; malignant; malevolent.
isis n.
The principal goddess worshiped by the Egyptians. She was regarded as the mother of Horus, and the sister and wife of Osiris.
superb a.
Grand; magnificent; august; stately; as, a superb edifice; a superb colonnade. [F. superbe, L. superbus, fr. super over. See Super-.]
memnon n.
A celebrated Egyptian statue near Thebes, said to have the property of emitting a harplike sound at sunrise.
responsive a.
That responds; ready or inclined to respond. [Cf. F. resposif.]
phoebus n.
Apollo; the sun god.
colossus n.
A statue of gigantic size. The name was especially applied to certain famous statues in antiquity, as the Colossus of Nero in Rome, the Colossus of Apollo at Rhodes.
hoary a.
White or whitish."The hoary willows."

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The Pyramids of Egypt is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poems of Philip Freneau, Poet of the American Revolution. Volume 1 (of 3), Project Gutenberg ebook #38475; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Philip Freneau, The Pyramids of Egypt, in Columbus to Ferdinand, and other poems (1786–1815), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #38475, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/freneau-poems/the-pyramids-of-egypt.html, id L26040.

Form and metre

The Pyramids of Egypt is 135 lines in 13 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 87%).

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 5 ---A-----A--------- wonder · years · rise · deathA · monuments · generation · greatest · genius · ancient · deathA · presume · architects · rais'd · decay'd · pass'd · fall · remain · summits · run
  2. 6 AB--------B-----A comeA · immortalB · bases · verging · more · lap · atmosphere · decay · moisture · time · mortalB · stood · pyramids · domes · gone · morning · themA
  3. 8 --A-A---B--B--- pyramid · yourself · skiesA · pass'd · wondersA · do · will · ambition · faintedB · incessantly · strove · hideB · king · done · thee
  4. 10 ---ABAB light · infancy · man · roundA · laidB · roundA · decay'dB
  5. 12 -A--A-------BB----- join'd · reposeA · bones · lay · roseA · time · praise · superb · alone · now · beams · sung · stoodB · pyramidB · pedestal · low · dust · remains · hills
  6. 13 ------------------A--A arm · babylon · down · scythe · stand · this · death · power · immortal · mountains · these · egypt · body · ground · sun · return · alone · time · pointA · eternity · pyramids · monumentA
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Where are those famed piles of human grandeur,10······/˘˘/
Those sphinxes, pyramids, and Pompey's pillar,11·/˘/˘˘·/˘/˘
That bid defiance to the arm of Time--10··˘/˘·····
Tell me, dear Genius: for I long to see them.11···/˘······
At Alexandria rises Pompey's pillar,11··˘/˘/˘/˘/˘
Whose birth is but of yesterday, compar'd10·····/˘·˘/
With those prodigious fabricks that you see10··˘/˘·····
O'er yonder distant plain--upon whose breast10·/˘/˘·····
Old Nile hath never roll'd his swelling streams,10···/˘··/˘·
The only plain so privileg'd in Egypt.10·/˘··/˘·/˘
These pyramids may well excite your wonder,11·/˘˘··˘/·/˘
They are of most remote antiquity,10····˘/˘/˘˘
Almost co-eval with those cloud-crown'd hills10/··/˘·····
That westward from them rise--'twas the same age10·/˘·······
That saw old Babel's tower aspiring high,10···/˘/˘/˘·
When first the sage Egyptian architects10····˘/˘/˘·
These ancient turrets to the heavens rais'd;--10·/˘/˘··/˘·
But Babel's tower is gone, and these remain!10·/˘/····˘/
Old Rome I thought unrivall'd in her years,10··········
At least the remnants that we find of Rome,10···/˘·····
But these, you tell me, are of older date.10·······/˘·
Talk not of Rome!--before they lopt a bush10··········
From the seven hills where Rome, earth's empress, stood,10··/····/˘·
These pyramids were old--their birth day is10·/˘˘······
Beyond tradition's reach, or history.10··˘/˘··/˘˘
Then let us haste toward those piles of wonder11·········/˘
That scorn to bend beneath this weight of years--10··········
Lo! to my view, the aweful mansions rise11········/˘·
The pride of art, the sleeping place of death!10·····/˘···
Are these the four prodigious monuments10····˘/˘/˘˘
That so astonish every generation--11··˘/˘/˘·˘/˘
Let us examine this, the first and greatest--11··˘/˘····/˘
A secret horror chills my breast, dear Genius,11·/˘/˘····/˘
To touch these monuments that are so ancient,11···/˘˘···/˘
The fearful property of ghosts and death!--10·/˘/˘˘····
Yet of such mighty bulk that I presume10···/˘···˘/
A race of giants were the architects.--10···/˘··/˘·
Since these proud fabricks to the heavens were rais'd11·······/˘··
How many generations have decay'd,10·/˘·˘/˘·˘/
How many monarchies to ruin pass'd!10·/˘/˘˘·/˘·
How many empires had their rise and fall!10·//˘˘·····
While these remain--and promise to remain10··˘/·/˘·˘/
As long as yonder sun shall gild their summits,11···/˘····/˘
Or moon or stars their wonted circles run.10·····/˘/˘·
The time will come4····
When these stupendous piles you deem immortal,11··˘/˘···˘/˘
Worn out with age, shall moulder on their bases,11·····/˘··/˘
And down, down, low to endless ruin verging,11·····/˘/˘/˘
O'erwhelm'd by dust, be seen and known no more!--10··········
Ages ago, in dark oblivion's lap10/˘˘/··˘/˘·
Had they been shrouded, but the atmosphere10···/˘··/˘·
In these parch'd climates, hostile to decay,10···/˘/˘·˘/
Is pregnant with no rain, that by its moisture11·/˘······/˘
Might waste their bulk in such excess of time,10······/···
And prove them merely mortal.7···/˘/˘
'Twas on this plain the ancient Memphis stood,10·····/˘/˘·
Her walls encircled these tall pyramids--10··˘/˘··/˘˘
But where is Pharoah's palace, where the domes10···/˘/˘···
Of Egypt's haughty lords?--all, all are gone,10·/˘/˘·····
And like the phantom snows of a May morning11···/˘····/˘
Left not a vestige to discover them!10···/˘·˘/˘·
How shall I reach the vortex of this pile--10·····/˘···
How shall I clamber up its shelving sides?10···/˘··/˘·
I scarce endure to glance toward the summit,11··˘/·····/˘
It seems among the clouds--When was't thou rais'd,10··········
O work of more than mortal majesty--10·····/˘/˘˘
Was this produc'd by persevering man,10··˘/·˘˘/˘·
Or did the gods erect this pyramid?10····˘/·/˘˘
Nor gods, nor giants rais'd this pyramid--10···/˘··/˘˘
It was the toil of mortals like yourself10·····/˘·˘/
That swell'd it to the skies--6······
See'st thou yon' little door? Through that they pass'd,10···/˘·····
Who rais'd so high this aggregate of wonders!11·····/˘˘·/˘
What cannot tyrants do,6·/˘/˘·
When they have subject nations at their will,10···/˘/˘···
And the world's wealth to gratify ambition!11·····/˘·˘/˘
Millions of slaves beneath their labours fainted11/˘·····/˘/˘
Who here were doom'd to toil incessantly,10······˘/˘˘
And years elaps'd while groaning myriads strove10··˘/·/˘/˘·
To raise this mighty tomb--and but to hide10···/˘·····
The worthless bones of an Egyptian king.--10·/˘···˘/˘·
O wretch, could not a humbler tomb have done,10·····/˘···
Could nothing but a pyramid inter thee!10·/˘··/˘˘/·
Perhaps old Jacob's race, when here oppress'd,10˘/·/˘···˘/
Rais'd, in their years of bondage this dread pile.10·····/˘···
Before the Jewish patriarchs saw the light,11···/˘/˘····
While yet the globe was in its infancy10·······/˘˘
These were erected to the pride of man--10··˘/˘·····
Four thousand years have run their tedious round10·/˘····/˘·
Since these smooth stones were on each other laid,10·······/˘·
Four thousand more may run as dull a round10·/˘·······
Ere Egypt sees her pyramids decay'd.10·/˘··/˘˘˘/
But suffer me to enter, and behold10·/˘··/˘·˘/
The interior wonders of this edifice.11·˘/˘/˘··/˘˘
'Tis darkness all, with hateful silence join'd--10·/˘··/˘/˘·
Here drowsy bats enjoy a dull repose,10·/˘·˘/··˘/
And marble coffins, vacant of their bones,10·/˘/˘/˘···
Show where the royal dead in ruin lay!10···/˘··/˘·
By every pyramid a temple rose10·/˘/˘˘·/˘·
Where oft in concert those of ancient time10···/˘··/˘·
Sung to their goddess Isis hymns of praise;10···/˘/˘···
But these are fallen!--their columns too superb11···/˘·/˘·˘/
Are levell'd with the dust--nor these alone--10·/˘·····˘/
Where is thy vocal statue, Memnon, now,10···/˘/·/··
That once, responsive to the morning beams,10··˘/˘··/˘·
Harmoniously to father Phoebus sung!10˘/˘˘·/˘/˘·
Where is the image that in past time stood10···/˘·····
High on the summit of yon' pyramid?--10···/˘··/˘˘
Still may you see its polish'd pedestal--10·····/˘/˘˘
Where art thou ancient Thebes?----all bury'd low,10···/˘·····
All vanish'd! crumbled into mother dust,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
And nothing of antiquity remains10·/˘·˘/˘˘˘/
But these huge pyramids, and yonder hills.10···/˘˘·/˘·
Old Babel's tower hath felt my potent arm10·/˘/···/˘·
I ruin'd Ecbatan and Babylon,10·/˘····/˘·
Thy huge Colossus, Rhodes, I tumbled down,10··˘/˘··/˘·
And on these pyramids I smote my scythe;10···/˘˘····
But they resist its edge--then let them stand.10··˘/······
But I can boast a greater feat than this,10·····/˘···
I long ago have shrouded those in death10··˘/·/˘···
Who made those structures rebels to my power--11···/˘/˘··/˘
But, O return!--These piles are not immortal!11··˘/····˘/˘
This earth, with all its balls of hills and mountains,11·········/˘
Shall perish by my hand--then how can these,10·/˘·······
These hoary headed pyramids of Egypt,11·/˘/˘/˘˘·/˘
That are but dwindled warts upon her body,11···/˘····/˘
That on a little, little spot of ground10···/˘/˘···
Extinguish the dull radiance of the sun,10˘/˘··/˘···
Be proof to Death and me?----Traveller return--10······/˘˘/
There's nought but God immortal----He alone10····˘/˘·˘/
Exists secure, when Man, and Death, and Time,10˘/˘/······
(Time not immortal, but a fancied point10··˘/˘··/˘·
In the vast circle of eternity)10···/˘·˘/˘˘
Are swallow'd up, and, like the pyramids,10·/˘····/˘˘
Leave not an atom for their monument!10···/˘··/˘˘

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