How Suhráb fought with Gurdáfríd
When she whose sire was Gazhdaham had heard:—"The chief is worsted!" she was grieved, exclaimedIn her distress, and heaved a deep cold sigh.A woman like some valiant cavalierWas she and ever famous in the fight.Her name was Gurdáfríd, and none as yetHad seen her match. Hajír's discomfitureSo shamed her that her tulip-cheeks becameLike red chrysanthemums. Time pressed, she armed,Concealed her tresses underneath her mail,Secured her Rúman casque upon her head,And came down, like a lion, from the holdWith girded waist upon a wind-foot steed.She sped like dust and cried in thunder-tones:—"What are these troops and who commandeth them?What lusty Crocodile is there among youTo match himself with me in single combat?"
None volunteered until Suhráb beheld her.He bit his lips and laughed. "Again," said he,"An onager hath come within the toilsOf him that hath both strength and scimitar."
He armed like wind, put on a helm of Chín,And rushed out to encounter Gurdáfríd,Who when she saw him strung her bow up, drew it,And broadened out her breast. No bird had foundA passage through her shafts; she showered themUpon Suhráb and wheeled to left and right.He saw and was abashed, waxed wroth and charged,His shield above his head. Thus pressed she hungHer bow upon her arm and, while her steedPranced to the clouds, couched at Suhráb her lance,And plied her reins with fury. He too shookHis reins and urged his charger on like lightning,Fierce as a leopard, at his doughty foe.He thrust a deadly dart with all his strength,Struck Gurdáfríd upon the belt and rentHer coat of mail, but even as she reeledShe drew her sword and clave the dart asunder,Regained her seat and sent the dust-clouds flying;But liking not such fighting turned and fled.He urged his dragon-steed, and he too madeIn wrath day dark with dust. He pressed upon herWith loud cries, jostled her, and snatched her helm.Her hair escaped, her face shone like the sun.He said: "It is a girl! Her head of hairIs worthy of a crown. If such a girl,"He said amazed, "come from the Íránian hostUpon the field, good sooth their cavaliersWill send dust cloudward on the day of battle!"
He loosed his coiled up lasso from the strapsAnd caught her round the waist, then said to her:—"Why seekest thou the fray, O moon-faced maid?No onager like thee hath ever comeWithin my toils. Thou wilt not 'scape my clutch,So struggle not."
She saw no other course,So showed her face and said: "O warrior,Midst warriors a lion! two hosts watchOur prowess with the mace and scimitar,And now that I have shown my face and hairThe troops will say: 'He sent the dust-clouds flyingAnd all to fight a girl!' 'Twill be disgraceTo persevere in such a fight as this.Chiefs should be wise, so let us keep it darkAnd save thee from reproach on mine account.Our troops and stronghold are at thy command,There is no need to fight, the castle, treasure,And castellan are thine when thou shalt please."
She showed her face, her smiles displayed the pearlsWithin her jujube-lips, a garden sheIn Paradise; no villager e'er setSo tall a cypress. She had eyes like deer's,With arching eyebrows, and thou wouldst have said:—"She bloometh ever."
"Keep thy word," said he,"For thou hast seen me on the day of battle.Trust not yon castle-wall, it is not higherThan heaven, and my mace will bring it down,While no foe's lance will ever reach my neck."
She turned and rode with him toward the hold,And Gazhdaham himself came to the gate.They opened it and Gurdáfríd came inBoth bruised and bound. They shut it and lamentedFor her and for Hajír. Then GazhdahamApproached with chiefs and troops, and said to her:—"Brave-hearted lion-smiter! we were troubledOn thine account. Thy fighting and addressHave not disgraced us, and no foe hath harmedThy life, thank God!"
Then laughing much she wentUpon the ramparts to observe the foe,Beheld Suhráb still mounted, and exclaimed:—"O warrior of Túrán! why take such pains?Be off with you and give up battlefields."
Suhráb replied: "O fair of face! I swearBy crown and throne and sun and moon to razeThese ramparts to the ground and capture thee,Thou minx! Thou wilt repent thy foolish wordsWhen thou art writhing in thy helplessness.Where is thy promise?"
But she laughed and mocked him:—"The Turkmans win no helpmates from Írán,And thou hast failed with me, but never mind!Thou art no Turkman who art so commendedAmong the great, and with such strength and limbsArt peerless midst the paladins! However,When news shall reach the Sháh: 'A chief is leadingAn army from Túrán, he will march forthWith Rustam whom ye cannot stand against,And all thy host will perish. What mishapWill then descend upon thy head I know not,But woe is me that such a neck and shoulderShould disappear within the maw of pards!So do not trust too much those arms of thineOr else the stupid ox will graze beside thee.'Twere best to issue orders for retreat."
Suhráb, who thought the hold his own, was shamed.He gave to pillage all the land and cropsAround the walls, then for a moment washedThe evil hand, and said: "Our time for actionIs not to-day; our hands are stayed from fight.At daybreak we will raise dust from these wallsAnd carry war's alarms inside the place."
With that he turned about his charger's reinAnd took the way to his own camp again.
Words in this poem 30
- sire n.
- A lord, master, or other person in authority. See Sir. [F. sire, originally, an older person. See Sir.]
- valiant a.
- Vigorous in body; strong; powerful; as, a valiant fencer. [OE. valiant, F. vaillant, OF. vaillant, valant, originally p. pr. of OF. & F. valoir to be worth, L. valere to be strong. See Wield, and cf. Avail, Convalesce, ]
- cavalier n.
- A military man serving on horseback; a knight. [F. cavalier, It. cavaliere, LL. caballarius, fr. L. caballus. See Cavalcade, and cf. Cavallier, Caballine.]
- discomfiture n.
- The act of discomfiting, or the state of being discomfited; rout; overthrow; defeat; frustration; confusion and dejection. [OF. desconfiture, F. déconfiture. See Discomfort, v. t., and cf. Comfiture.]
- casque n.
- A piece of defensive or ornamental armor (with or without a vizor) for the head and neck; a helmet. [F. casque, fr. Sp. casco See Cask.]
- steed n.
- A horse, especially a spirited horse for state of war; -- used chiefly in poetry or stately prose. [OE. stede, AS. steda a stud-horse, war horse, fr. stod a stud of breeding steeds; akin to G. stute a mare, Icel. stedda, sto, a stud. *163. See Stud of horses.]
- onager n.
- A military engine acting like a sling, which threw stones from a bag or wooden bucket, and was operated by machinery. Fairholt.
- scimitar n.
- A saber with a much curved blade having the edge on the convex side, -- in use among Mohammedans, esp., the Arabs and persians. [F. cimeterre, cf. It. scimitarra, Sp. cimitarra; fr. Biscayan cimetarry with a sharp edge; or corrupted from Per. shimshir.]
- rushed a.
- Abounding or covered with rushes.
- wroth a.
- Full of wrath; angry; incensed; much exasperated; wrathful. [OE. wroth, wrap, AS. wraedh wroth, crooked, bad; akin to wriedhan to writhe, and to OS. wreedhangry, D. wreed cruel, OHG. reid twisted, Icel. reiedhr angry, Dan]
- shook v. t.
- To pack, as staves, in a shook.
- charger n.
- One who, or that which charges.
- doughty a.
- Able; strong; valiant; redoubtable; as, a doughty hero.
- sooth a.
- True; faithful; trustworthy. [OE. soth, AS. s, for san; akin to OS. s, OHG. sand, Icel. sannr, Sw. sann, Dan. sand, Skr. sat, sant, real, genuine, present, being; properly p. pr. from a root]
- prowess n.
- Distinguished bravery; valor; especially, military bravery and skill; gallantry; intrepidity; fearlessness. Chaucer. Sir P. Sidney. [OF. proece, proesce, F. prouesse. See Prow, a.]
- castellan n.
- A goveror or warden of a castle. [OF. castelain, F. châtelain, L. castellanus pertaining to a castle, an occupant of a caste, LL., a governor of a castle, fr. L. catellum castle, citadel, dim. o]
- shalt
- 2d per. sing. of Shall.
- villager n.
- An inhabitant of a village.
- hast
- , 2d pers. sing. pres. of. Fave, contr. of havest.
- rode n.
- Redness; complexion. [See Rud.]
- lamented a.
- Mourned for; bewailed.
- thank n.
- A expression of gratitude; an acknowledgment expressive of a sense of favor or kindness received; obligation, claim, or desert, or gratitude; -- now generally used in the plural. [AS. Þanc, Þonc, thanks, favor, thought; akin to OS. thank favor, pleasure, thanks, D. & G. dank thanks, Icel. Þ\'94kk, Dan. tak, Sw. tack, Goth. Þagks thanks; -]
- went n.
- Course; way; path; journey; direction.
- raze n.
- A Shakespearean word (used once) supposed to mean the same as race, a root. [See Rack.]
- minx n.
- The mink; -- called also minx otter. [See Mink.]
- repent a.
- Prostrate and rooting; -- said of stems. Gray. [L. repens, -entis, creeping, p. pr. of repere to creep.]
- shall v. i.
- To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
- mishap v. i.
- To happen unluckily; -- used impersonally.
- stayed a.
- Staid; fixed; settled; sober; -- now written staid. See Staid.
- daybreak n.
- The time of the first appearance of light in the morning.
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
How Suhráb fought with Gurdáfríd is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Shahnama of Firdausi, done into English by Arthur George Warner and Edmond Warner, vol. II (Trübner’s Oriental Series), London, 1906; Part III, Suhráb (sections 1 to 25), Internet Archive, the Arthur George Warner and Edmond Warner translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Ferdowsi, How Suhráb fought with Gurdáfríd, in Rustam and Sohrab (from the Shahnama) (1906), text of Internet Archive, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/ferdowsi-rustam-and-sohrab/9.html, id L29107.
Form and metre
How Suhráb fought with Gurdáfríd is 125 lines in 13 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 90%).
See other poems in iambic pentameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 3 -------A---A------------B-BB — · gurdáfríd · it · found · them · right · charged · hungA · steed · lance · shook · lightningA · foe · strength · rent · reeled · asunder · flying · fled · made · her · helm · sun · hair · girlB · host · cavaliersB · battleB
- 13 AA reinA · againA
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| When she whose sire was Gazhdaham had heard:— | 10 | ···/······ |
| "The chief is worsted!" she was grieved, exclaimed | 10 | ···/˘···˘/ |
| In her distress, and heaved a deep cold sigh. | 10 | ··˘/······ |
| A woman like some valiant cavalier | 10 | ·/˘··/˘·˘/ |
| Was she and ever famous in the fight. | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| Her name was Gurdáfríd, and none as yet | 10 | ·········· |
| Had seen her match. Hajír's discomfiture | 10 | ······˘/˘˘ |
| So shamed her that her tulip-cheeks became | 10 | ·····/˘·˘/ |
| Like red chrysanthemums. Time pressed, she armed, | 10 | ··˘/˘˘···· |
| Concealed her tresses underneath her mail, | 10 | ˘/·/˘·˘/·· |
| Secured her Rúman casque upon her head, | 10 | ˘/········ |
| And came down, like a lion, from the hold | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| With girded waist upon a wind-foot steed. | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| She sped like dust and cried in thunder-tones:— | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| "What are these troops and who commandeth them? | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| What lusty Crocodile is there among you | 11 | ·/˘/˘······ |
| To match himself with me in single combat?" | 11 | ··˘/···/˘/˘ |
| None volunteered until Suhráb beheld her. | 11 | ··˘/····˘/· |
| He bit his lips and laughed. "Again," said he, | 10 | ······˘/·· |
| "An onager hath come within the toils | 10 | ·/˘˘······ |
| Of him that hath both strength and scimitar." | 10 | ·········· |
| He armed like wind, put on a helm of Chín, | 10 | ·········· |
| And rushed out to encounter Gurdáfríd, | 10 | ····˘/˘··· |
| Who when she saw him strung her bow up, drew it, | 11 | ··········· |
| And broadened out her breast. No bird had found | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| A passage through her shafts; she showered them | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| Upon Suhráb and wheeled to left and right. | 10 | ·········· |
| He saw and was abashed, waxed wroth and charged, | 10 | ····˘/···· |
| His shield above his head. Thus pressed she hung | 10 | ·········· |
| Her bow upon her arm and, while her steed | 10 | ·········· |
| Pranced to the clouds, couched at Suhráb her lance, | 10 | ·········· |
| And plied her reins with fury. He too shook | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| His reins and urged his charger on like lightning, | 11 | ·····/˘··/˘ |
| Fierce as a leopard, at his doughty foe. | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| He thrust a deadly dart with all his strength, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Struck Gurdáfríd upon the belt and rent | 10 | ·········· |
| Her coat of mail, but even as she reeled | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| She drew her sword and clave the dart asunder, | 11 | ········˘/˘ |
| Regained her seat and sent the dust-clouds flying; | 11 | ˘/·······/˘ |
| But liking not such fighting turned and fled. | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| He urged his dragon-steed, and he too made | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| In wrath day dark with dust. He pressed upon her | 11 | ··········· |
| With loud cries, jostled her, and snatched her helm. | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Her hair escaped, her face shone like the sun. | 10 | ··˘/······ |
| He said: "It is a girl! Her head of hair | 10 | ·········· |
| Is worthy of a crown. If such a girl," | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| He said amazed, "come from the Íránian host | 10 | ··˘/······ |
| Upon the field, good sooth their cavaliers | 10 | ········˘/ |
| Will send dust cloudward on the day of battle!" | 11 | ·········/˘ |
| He loosed his coiled up lasso from the straps | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| And caught her round the waist, then said to her:— | 10 | ·········· |
| "Why seekest thou the fray, O moon-faced maid? | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| No onager like thee hath ever come | 10 | ·/˘˘···/˘· |
| Within my toils. Thou wilt not 'scape my clutch, | 10 | ·········· |
| So struggle not." | 4 | ·/˘· |
| She saw no other course, | 6 | ···/˘· |
| So showed her face and said: "O warrior, | 10 | ·······/˘˘ |
| Midst warriors a lion! two hosts watch | 10 | ·/˘˘·/˘··· |
| Our prowess with the mace and scimitar, | 10 | //˘······· |
| And now that I have shown my face and hair | 10 | ·········· |
| The troops will say: 'He sent the dust-clouds flying | 11 | ·········/˘ |
| And all to fight a girl!' 'Twill be disgrace | 10 | ········˘/ |
| To persevere in such a fight as this. | 10 | ·˘˘/······ |
| Chiefs should be wise, so let us keep it dark | 10 | ·········· |
| And save thee from reproach on mine account. | 10 | ····˘/··˘/ |
| Our troops and stronghold are at thy command, | 10 | /··/····˘/ |
| There is no need to fight, the castle, treasure, | 11 | ·······/˘/˘ |
| And castellan are thine when thou shalt please." | 10 | ·/˘˘······ |
| She showed her face, her smiles displayed the pearls | 10 | ······˘/·· |
| Within her jujube-lips, a garden she | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| In Paradise; no villager e'er set | 10 | ·/˘··/˘˘·· |
| So tall a cypress. She had eyes like deer's, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| With arching eyebrows, and thou wouldst have said:— | 10 | ·/˘/······ |
| "She bloometh ever." | 5 | ·/˘/˘ |
| "Keep thy word," said he, | 5 | ····· |
| "For thou hast seen me on the day of battle. | 11 | ·········/˘ |
| Trust not yon castle-wall, it is not higher | 11 | ···/˘····/˘ |
| Than heaven, and my mace will bring it down, | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| While no foe's lance will ever reach my neck." | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| She turned and rode with him toward the hold, | 10 | ·········· |
| And Gazhdaham himself came to the gate. | 10 | ····˘/···· |
| They opened it and Gurdáfríd came in | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Both bruised and bound. They shut it and lamented | 11 | ········˘/˘ |
| For her and for Hajír. Then Gazhdaham | 10 | ·········· |
| Approached with chiefs and troops, and said to her:— | 10 | ˘/········ |
| "Brave-hearted lion-smiter! we were troubled | 11 | ·/˘/˘/˘··/˘ |
| On thine account. Thy fighting and address | 10 | ··˘/·/˘·˘/ |
| Have not disgraced us, and no foe hath harmed | 10 | ··˘/······ |
| Thy life, thank God!" | 4 | ···· |
| Then laughing much she went | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| Upon the ramparts to observe the foe, | 10 | ···/··˘/·· |
| Beheld Suhráb still mounted, and exclaimed:— | 10 | ˘/···/˘·˘/ |
| "O warrior of Túrán! why take such pains? | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Be off with you and give up battlefields." | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Suhráb replied: "O fair of face! I swear | 10 | ··˘/······ |
| By crown and throne and sun and moon to raze | 10 | ·········· |
| These ramparts to the ground and capture thee, | 10 | ·/·····/˘· |
| Thou minx! Thou wilt repent thy foolish words | 10 | ····˘/·/˘· |
| When thou art writhing in thy helplessness. | 10 | ···/˘··/˘˘ |
| Where is thy promise?" | 5 | ···/˘ |
| But she laughed and mocked him:— | 6 | ······ |
| "The Turkmans win no helpmates from Írán, | 10 | ·········· |
| And thou hast failed with me, but never mind! | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Thou art no Turkman who art so commended | 11 | ········˘/˘ |
| Among the great, and with such strength and limbs | 10 | ·········· |
| Art peerless midst the paladins! However, | 11 | ·/˘··/˘˘·/˘ |
| When news shall reach the Sháh: 'A chief is leading | 10 | ········/˘ |
| An army from Túrán, he will march forth | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| With Rustam whom ye cannot stand against, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| And all thy host will perish. What mishap | 10 | ·····/˘·/· |
| Will then descend upon thy head I know not, | 11 | ··˘/······· |
| But woe is me that such a neck and shoulder | 11 | ·········/˘ |
| Should disappear within the maw of pards! | 10 | ··˘/······ |
| So do not trust too much those arms of thine | 10 | ·········· |
| Or else the stupid ox will graze beside thee. | 11 | ···/˘···˘/· |
| 'Twere best to issue orders for retreat." | 10 | ···/˘/˘·˘/ |
| Suhráb, who thought the hold his own, was shamed. | 10 | ·········· |
| He gave to pillage all the land and crops | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Around the walls, then for a moment washed | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| The evil hand, and said: "Our time for action | 11 | ·/···/˘··/˘ |
| Is not to-day; our hands are stayed from fight. | 10 | ····/····· |
| At daybreak we will raise dust from these walls | 10 | ·/········ |
| And carry war's alarms inside the place." | 10 | ·/˘·˘/˘/·· |
| With that he turned about his charger's rein | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| And took the way to his own camp again. | 10 | ········˘/ |
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