How Tahmína, the Daughter of the King of Samangán, came to Rustam
At noon of night, while Phosphor crossed the sky,There came mysterious whispers, Rustam's doorWas softly opened, and a slave who bareA taper savouring of ambergrisWalked stately toward the drunken sleeper's couch.Behind the slave there was a moon-faced girlSun-bright, all scent and hue, with arching eyebrowsAnd locks that hung in tresses lasso-like,In stature like a lofty cypress-tree,With cheeks carnelians of Yaman in colourAnd mouth as straitened as a lover's heart.All soul was she and keen of intellect,Thou wouldst have said: "She is not of the earth."The lion-hearted Rustam marvelled at herAnd calling on the Maker asked: "Thy name?What seek'st thou midst the murk of night? Thy will?"
She said: "Tahmína: and thou well mayst sayThat mine affliction teareth me in twain.Sole daughter of the king of Samangán,And by descent half lion and half pard,There is no mate for me among the kings,Nor are there many like me under heaven.No one hath seen me yet outside the bower,No one hath ever heard me spoken of,But many and many a story have I heardOf thee from every one—just like romance!How dív and lion, pard and crocodile,Thou fearest not, thou art so deft of hand!How thou departest to Túrán by nightAnd roamest there unsleeping and alone,Dost roast an onager to make a mealAnd set air wailing with thy scimitar!How at the sight of thee with mace in handThe hearts of lions and the hides of pardsAre rent! How eagles seeing thy naked swordDare not to swoop upon their quarry, and howGreat lions bear the traces of thy lasso,And clouds rain blood in terror of thy spear!Such are the tales of thee that I have heard!Oft have I bit my lips in wondermentAnd longed to see thy shoulders, neck, and breast.God hath ordained thy sojourn in this city,And now if thou wilt have me I am thine—I who was never seen by fowl or fish—Because for one thing I adore thee so,Have sacrificed my prudence to my passion,And for another—haply God AlmightyMay lay upon my breast a child of thine.Oh! may he be like thee in might and manhood,And heaven assign to him both Sol and Saturn!Moreover I will bring back Rakhsh to theeAnd put all Samangán beneath thy feet."
The matchless Rustam heard her to the end.He saw what beauty and intelligenceWere hers, and that she brought him news of Rakhsh.Perceiving that the affair would turn out wellHe bade an archimage—a man of worship—Go and demand the maiden from her sire.The king, that noble Cypress, was well pleasedTo be affined to Rustam, and bestowedTahmína on him with the usual rites.The people all poured out their souls with joyAnd called down blessings on the paladin:—"May this New Moon prove fortunate to thee,And be thy foes' heads plucked out by the roots."
Night was not longsome while his mate was by,But when the sun was bright he longed to throwThe musky lasso off. He wore an armlet—A famous one. That gave he to Tahmína,And said: "Keep this. If thou shalt bear a daughterThen plait it in her hair, and choose a timePropitious, and auspicious auguries;While if the stars vouchsafe to thee a sonBind round his arm this token of his father.He will be like Sám son of NarímánIn stature and a Karímán in manhoodAnd character, and bring down soaring eagles.The sun will scorch not him."
He passed the nightIn converse with his bride, and when the sunShone bright, and decked the earth with lovesomeness,In taking leave he clasped her to his breastAnd showered kisses on her eyes and head,But fair Tahmína turned in tears from himTo be the spouse of pain and misery.
The noble king of Samangán approached,Inquired of Rustam how the night had sped,And, having heard, gave him good news of Rakhsh,News that rejoiced the crown-bestower's heart.He came, caressed the steed, and saddled him,Pleased both with glossy Rakhsh and with the king.Then homeward to Zábulistán he went,But no one heard him speak of this event.
Words in this poem 26
- murk n.
- Darkness; mirk.
- twain a.
- Two;- nearly obsolete in common discourse, but used in poetry and burlesque. [OE. twein, tweien, tweyne, AS. twegen, masc. See Two.]
- pard n.
- A leopard; a panther. [L. pardus, Gr. p tiger, panther.]
- deft a.
- Apt; fit; dexterous; clever; handy; spruce; neat. [OE. daft, deft, becoming, mild, gentle, stupid (cf. OE. daffe, deffe, fool, coward), AS. dæft (in derivatives only) mild, gentle, fitting, seasonable; akin to d]
- onager n.
- A military engine acting like a sling, which threw stones from a bag or wooden bucket, and was operated by machinery. Fairholt.
- scimitar n.
- A saber with a much curved blade having the edge on the convex side, -- in use among Mohammedans, esp., the Arabs and persians. [F. cimeterre, cf. It. scimitarra, Sp. cimitarra; fr. Biscayan cimetarry with a sharp edge; or corrupted from Per. shimshir.]
- swoop v. t.
- To fall on at once and seize; to catch while on the wing; as, a hawk swoops a chicken. [OE. swopen, usually, to sweep, As. swapan to sweep, to rush; akin to G. schweifen to rove, to ramble, to curve, OHG. sweifan to whirl, Icel. sveipa to sweep; al]
- wonderment n.
- Surprise; astonishment; a wonderful appearance; a wonder.
- sojourn v. i.
- To dwell for a time; to dwell or live in a place as a temporary resident or as a stranger, not considering the place as a permanent habitation; to delay; to tarry. [OE. sojornen, sojournen, OF. sojorner, sejorner, F. séjourner, fr. L. sub under, about + diurnus belonging to the day. See Journal, Diurnal.]
- adore v. t.
- To worship with profound reverence; to pay divine honors to; to honor as deity or as divine. [OE. aouren, anouren, adoren, OF. aorer, adorer, F. adorer, fr. L. adorare; ad + orare to speak, pray, os, oris, mouth. In OE. confused with honor, the French pr]
- haply adv.
- By hap, chance, luck, or accident; perhaps; it may be.
- bade
- A form of the pat tense of Bid.
- archimage n.
- The high priest of the Persian Magi, or worshipers of fire.
- sire n.
- A lord, master, or other person in authority. See Sir. [F. sire, originally, an older person. See Sir.]
- affined a.
- Joined in affinity or by any tie. [OF. afiné related, p. p., fr. LL. affinare to join, fr. L. affinis neighboring, related to; ad + finis boundary, limit.]
- paladin n.
- A knight-errant; a distinguished champion; as, the paladins of Charlemagne. [F., fr.It. paladino, fr. L. palatinus an officer of the palace. See Palatine.]
- longsome a.
- Extended in length; tiresome. Bp. Hall. Prior. [AS. langsum.]
- armlet n.
- A small arm; as, an armlet of the sea. Johnson. [Arm + -let.]
- shalt
- 2d per. sing. of Shall.
- vouchsafe v. t.
- To condescend to grant; to concede; to bestow. [Vouch + safe, that is, to vouch or answer for safety.]
- scorch v. t.
- To burn superficially; to parch, or shrivel, the surface of, by heat; to subject to so much heat as changes color and texture without consuming; as, to scorch linen. [OE. scorchen, probably akin to scorcnen; cf. Norw. skrokken shrunk up, skrekka, skrökka, to shrink, to become wrinkled up, dial. Sw. skråkkla to wrinkle (see Sh]
- spouse v. t.
- To wed; to espouse. [See Espouse, and Spouse, n.]
- steed n.
- A horse, especially a spirited horse for state of war; -- used chiefly in poetry or stately prose. [OE. stede, AS. steda a stud-horse, war horse, fr. stod a stud of breeding steeds; akin to G. stute a mare, Icel. stedda, sto, a stud. *163. See Stud of horses.]
- saddled a.
- Having a broad patch of color across the back, like a saddle; saddle-backed.
- homeward a.
- Being in the direction of home; as, the homeward way.
- went n.
- Course; way; path; journey; direction.
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
How Tahmína, the Daughter of the King of Samangán, came to Rustam is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Shahnama of Firdausi, done into English by Arthur George Warner and Edmond Warner, vol. II (Trübner’s Oriental Series), London, 1906; Part III, Suhráb (sections 1 to 25), Internet Archive, the Arthur George Warner and Edmond Warner translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Ferdowsi, How Tahmína, the Daughter of the King of Samangán, came to Rustam, in Rustam and Sohrab (from the Shahnama) (1906), text of Internet Archive, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/ferdowsi-rustam-and-sohrab/4.html, id L29102.
Form and metre
How Tahmína, the Daughter of the King of Samangán, came to Rustam is 93 lines in 6 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 88%).
See other poems in iambic pentameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 2 -A---A--------------------B--B-B-B-- say · twainA · samangán · pard · kings · heavenA · bower · of · heard · romance · crocodile · hand · night · alone · meal · scimitar · hand · pards · sword · how · lasso · spear · heard · wonderment · breast · city · thineB · fish · so · passionB · almighty · thineB · manhood · saturnB · thee · feet
- 6 ------AA approached · sped · rakhsh · heart · him · king · wentA · eventA
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| At noon of night, while Phosphor crossed the sky, | 10 | ·····/···· |
| There came mysterious whispers, Rustam's door | 10 | ··˘/˘/˘··· |
| Was softly opened, and a slave who bare | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| A taper savouring of ambergris | 10 | ·/˘/˘˘·/˘˘ |
| Walked stately toward the drunken sleeper's couch. | 11 | ·/˘···/˘/˘· |
| Behind the slave there was a moon-faced girl | 10 | ·········· |
| Sun-bright, all scent and hue, with arching eyebrows | 11 | ·······/˘/· |
| And locks that hung in tresses lasso-like, | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| In stature like a lofty cypress-tree, | 10 | ·/˘··/˘/˘· |
| With cheeks carnelians of Yaman in colour | 11 | ·········/˘ |
| And mouth as straitened as a lover's heart. | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| All soul was she and keen of intellect, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Thou wouldst have said: "She is not of the earth." | 10 | ·········· |
| The lion-hearted Rustam marvelled at her | 10 | ·//˘··˘/·· |
| And calling on the Maker asked: "Thy name? | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| What seek'st thou midst the murk of night? Thy will?" | 10 | ·········· |
| She said: "Tahmína: and thou well mayst say | 10 | ·········· |
| That mine affliction teareth me in twain. | 10 | ··˘/˘/˘··· |
| Sole daughter of the king of Samangán, | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| And by descent half lion and half pard, | 10 | ··˘/·/˘··· |
| There is no mate for me among the kings, | 10 | ·········· |
| Nor are there many like me under heaven. | 11 | ···/˘····/˘ |
| No one hath seen me yet outside the bower, | 11 | ······//·/˘ |
| No one hath ever heard me spoken of, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| But many and many a story have I heard | 10 | ·/·/·/˘··· |
| Of thee from every one—just like romance! | 10 | ···/˘···˘/ |
| How dív and lion, pard and crocodile, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Thou fearest not, thou art so deft of hand! | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| How thou departest to Túrán by night | 10 | ··˘/˘····· |
| And roamest there unsleeping and alone, | 10 | ·/˘·····˘/ |
| Dost roast an onager to make a meal | 10 | ···/˘˘···· |
| And set air wailing with thy scimitar! | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| How at the sight of thee with mace in hand | 10 | ·········· |
| The hearts of lions and the hides of pards | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Are rent! How eagles seeing thy naked sword | 10 | ···/˘/·/˘· |
| Dare not to swoop upon their quarry, and how | 11 | ·······/˘·· |
| Great lions bear the traces of thy lasso, | 11 | ·/˘··/˘··/˘ |
| And clouds rain blood in terror of thy spear! | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Such are the tales of thee that I have heard! | 10 | ·········· |
| Oft have I bit my lips in wonderment | 10 | ·······/˘˘ |
| And longed to see thy shoulders, neck, and breast. | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| God hath ordained thy sojourn in this city, | 11 | ··˘/·/˘··/˘ |
| And now if thou wilt have me I am thine— | 10 | ·········· |
| I who was never seen by fowl or fish— | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Because for one thing I adore thee so, | 10 | ······˘/·· |
| Have sacrificed my prudence to my passion, | 11 | ·/˘··/˘··/˘ |
| And for another—haply God Almighty | 11 | ··˘/˘/˘·˘/˘ |
| May lay upon my breast a child of thine. | 10 | ·········· |
| Oh! may he be like thee in might and manhood, | 11 | ·········/· |
| And heaven assign to him both Sol and Saturn! | 11 | ·/˘/·····/˘ |
| Moreover I will bring back Rakhsh to thee | 10 | ˘/˘······· |
| And put all Samangán beneath thy feet." | 10 | ·········· |
| The matchless Rustam heard her to the end. | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| He saw what beauty and intelligence | 10 | ···/˘·˘/˘˘ |
| Were hers, and that she brought him news of Rakhsh. | 10 | ·········· |
| Perceiving that the affair would turn out well | 11 | ˘/˘··˘/···· |
| He bade an archimage—a man of worship— | 11 | ·········/˘ |
| Go and demand the maiden from her sire. | 11 | ··˘/·/˘··/˘ |
| The king, that noble Cypress, was well pleased | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| To be affined to Rustam, and bestowed | 10 | ··˘/····˘/ |
| Tahmína on him with the usual rites. | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| The people all poured out their souls with joy | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| And called down blessings on the paladin:— | 10 | ···/˘··/˘˘ |
| "May this New Moon prove fortunate to thee, | 10 | ·····/˘˘·· |
| And be thy foes' heads plucked out by the roots." | 10 | ·········· |
| Night was not longsome while his mate was by, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| But when the sun was bright he longed to throw | 10 | ·········· |
| The musky lasso off. He wore an armlet— | 11 | ·/˘/˘····/˘ |
| A famous one. That gave he to Tahmína, | 11 | ·/˘········ |
| And said: "Keep this. If thou shalt bear a daughter | 11 | ·········/˘ |
| Then plait it in her hair, and choose a time | 10 | ·········· |
| Propitious, and auspicious auguries; | 9 | ˘/˘·˘/˘·· |
| While if the stars vouchsafe to thee a son | 10 | ····˘/···· |
| Bind round his arm this token of his father. | 11 | ·····/˘··/˘ |
| He will be like Sám son of Narímán | 10 | ·········· |
| In stature and a Karímán in manhood | 11 | ·/˘······/· |
| And character, and bring down soaring eagles. | 11 | ·/˘˘···/˘/˘ |
| The sun will scorch not him." | 6 | ······ |
| He passed the night | 4 | ···· |
| In converse with his bride, and when the sun | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Shone bright, and decked the earth with lovesomeness, | 12 | ············ |
| In taking leave he clasped her to his breast | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| And showered kisses on her eyes and head, | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| But fair Tahmína turned in tears from him | 10 | ·········· |
| To be the spouse of pain and misery. | 10 | ·······/˘˘ |
| The noble king of Samangán approached, | 10 | ·/˘·····˘/ |
| Inquired of Rustam how the night had sped, | 10 | ˘/········ |
| And, having heard, gave him good news of Rakhsh, | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| News that rejoiced the crown-bestower's heart. | 10 | ··˘/······ |
| He came, caressed the steed, and saddled him, | 10 | ··˘/···/˘· |
| Pleased both with glossy Rakhsh and with the king. | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Then homeward to Zábulistán he went, | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| But no one heard him speak of this event. | 10 | ········˘/ |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.