The River

Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882) · 1847

iambic pentameter · 42 lines · from Poems

And I behold once moreMy old familiar haunts; here the blue river,The same blue wonder that my infant eyeAdmired, sage doubting whence the traveller came,--Whence brought his sunny bubbles ere he washedThe fragrant flag-roots in my father's fields,And where thereafter in the world he went.Look, here he is, unaltered, save that nowHe hath broke his banks and flooded all the valesWith his redundant waves.Here is the rock where, yet a simple child,I caught with bended pin my earliest fish,Much triumphing,--and these the fieldsOver whose flowers I chased the butterflyA blooming hunter of a fairy fine.And hark! where overhead the ancient crowsHold their sour conversation in the sky:--These are the same, but I am not the same,But wiser than I was, and wise enoughNot to regret the changes, tho' they costMe many a sigh. Oh, call not Nature dumb;These trees and stones are audible to me,These idle flowers, that tremble in the wind,I understand their faery syllables,And all their sad significance. The wind,That rustles down the well-known forest road--It hath a sound more eloquent than speech.The stream, the trees, the grass, the sighing wind,All of them utter sounds of 'monishmentAnd grave parental love.They are not of our race, they seem to say,And yet have knowledge of our moral race,And somewhat of majestic sympathy,Something of pity for the puny clay,That holds and boasts the immeasurable mind.I feel as I were welcome to these treesAfter long months of weary wandering,Acknowledged by their hospitable boughs;They know me as their son, for side by side,They were coeval with my ancestors,Adorned with them my country's primitive times,And soon may give my dust their funeral shade.

Words in this poem

admired a.
Regarded with wonder and delight; highly prized; as, an admired poem.
sunny a.
Of or pertaining to the sun; proceeding from, or resembling the sun; hence, shining; bright; brilliant; radiant.
thereafter adv.
After that; afterward. [AS. th\'d6ræfter after that. See There, and After.]
went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
broke v. i.
To transact business for another. Brome. [See Broker, and cf. Brook.]
triumphing a.
Having or celebrating a triumph; victorious; triumphant.
parental a.
Of or pertaining to a parent or to parents; as, parental authority; parental obligations. [L. parentalis.]
puny a.
Imperfectly developed in size or vigor; small and feeble; inferior; petty. [F. puîté younger, later born, OF. puisné; puis afterwards (L. post; see Post-) + né born, L. natus. See Natal, and cf. Puisne.]
coeval a.
Of the same age; existing during the same period of time, especially time long and remote; -- usually followed by with. [L. coaevus; co- + aevum lifetime, age. See Age, n.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The River is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems Household Edition, Project Gutenberg ebook #12843; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Ralph Waldo Emerson, The River, in Poems (1847), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #12843, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/emerson-poems/the-river.html, id L07583.

Form and metre

The River is 42 lines in a single stanza. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 85%). 94% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 9.5 syllables. 6 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 29% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 -------------A--A-------------B--B-C-C-C-- more · river · eye · came · washed · fields · went · now · vales · waves · child · fish · fields · butterflyA · fine · crows · skyA · same · enough · cost · dumb · me · wind · syllables · wind · road · speech · wind · monishment · love · sayB · race · sympathy · clayB · mind · treesC · wandering · boughsC · side · ancestorsC · times · shade
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
And I behold once more6··˘/··
My old familiar haunts; here the blue river,11··˘/˘····/˘
The same blue wonder that my infant eye10···/˘··/˘·
Admired, sage doubting whence the traveller came,--10˘/·/˘··/˘·
Whence brought his sunny bubbles ere he washed10···/˘/˘···
The fragrant flag-roots in my father's fields,10·/˘····/˘·
And where thereafter in the world he went.10··˘/˘·····
Look, here he is, unaltered, save that now10····˘/˘···
He hath broke his banks and flooded all the vales11······/˘···
With his redundant waves.6··˘/˘·
Here is the rock where, yet a simple child,10·······/˘·
I caught with bended pin my earliest fish,10···/˘··/˘·
Much triumphing,--and these the fields8·/˘˘····
Over whose flowers I chased the butterfly9··/···/˘·
A blooming hunter of a fairy fine.10·/˘/˘··/˘·
And hark! where overhead the ancient crows10···/˘/·/˘·
Hold their sour conversation in the sky:--10··/·˘/˘···
These are the same, but I am not the same,10··········
But wiser than I was, and wise enough9·/·····˘/
Not to regret the changes, tho' they cost10··˘/·/˘···
Me many a sigh. Oh, call not Nature dumb;10·/·····/˘·
These trees and stones are audible to me,9·····/˘··
These idle flowers, that tremble in the wind,10·/˘/·/˘···
I understand their faery syllables,9··˘/···/˘
And all their sad significance. The wind,9····˘/˘··
That rustles down the well-known forest road--10·/˘····/˘·
It hath a sound more eloquent than speech.9·····/˘··
The stream, the trees, the grass, the sighing wind,10·······/˘·
All of them utter sounds of 'monishment10···/˘··/˘˘
And grave parental love.6··˘/˘·
They are not of our race, they seem to say,10····/·····
And yet have knowledge of our moral race,10···/˘·//˘·
And somewhat of majestic sympathy,9·//·˘/˘/˘
Something of pity for the puny clay,10/˘·/˘··/˘·
That holds and boasts the immeasurable mind.11·····˘/˘·˘·
I feel as I were welcome to these trees10·····/˘···
After long months of weary wandering,9·····/˘/˘
Acknowledged by their hospitable boughs;9˘/˘··//˘·
They know me as their son, for side by side,10··········
They were coeval with my ancestors,10··˘/˘··/·˘
Adorned with them my country's primitive times,10˘/···/˘/˘·
And soon may give my dust their funeral shade.10·······/˘·

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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