Song of Nature

Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882) · 1847

common measure · 84 lines · from Poems

Mine are the night and morning,The pits of air, the gulf of space,The sportive sun, the gibbous moon,The innumerable days.

I hide in the solar glory,I am dumb in the pealing song,I rest on the pitch of the torrent,In slumber I am strong.

No numbers have counted my tallies,No tribes my house can fill,I sit by the shining Fount of LifeAnd pour the deluge still;

And ever by delicate powersGathering along the centuriesFrom race on race the rarest flowers,My wreath shall nothing miss.

And many a thousand summersMy gardens ripened well,And light from meliorating starsWith firmer glory fell.

I wrote the past in charactersOf rock and fire the scroll,The building in the coral sea,The planting of the coal.

And thefts from satellites and ringsAnd broken stars I drew,And out of spent and aged thingsI formed the world anew;

What time the gods kept carnival,Tricked out in star and flower,And in cramp elf and saurian formsThey swathed their too much power.

Time and Thought were my surveyors,They laid their courses well,They boiled the sea, and piled the layersOf granite, marl and shell.

But he, the man-child glorious,--Where tarries he the while?The rainbow shines his harbinger,The sunset gleams his smile.

My boreal lights leap upward,Forthright my planets roll,And still the man-child is not born,The summit of the whole.

Must time and tide forever run?Will never my winds go sleep in the west?Will never my wheels which whirl the sunAnd satellites have rest?

Too much of donning and doffing,Too slow the rainbow fades,I weary of my robe of snow,My leaves and my cascades;

I tire of globes and races,Too long the game is played;What without him is summer's pomp,Or winter's frozen shade?

I travail in pain for him,My creatures travail and wait;His couriers come by squadrons,He comes not to the gate.

Twice I have moulded an image,And thrice outstretched my hand,Made one of day and one of nightAnd one of the salt sea-sand.

One in a Judaean manger,And one by Avon stream,One over against the mouths of Nile,And one in the Academe.

I moulded kings and saviors,And bards o'er kings to rule;--But fell the starry influence short,The cup was never full.

Yet whirl the glowing wheels once more,And mix the bowl again;Seethe, Fate! the ancient elements,Heat, cold, wet, dry, and peace, and pain.

Let war and trade and creeds and songBlend, ripen race on race,The sunburnt world a man shall breedOf all the zones and countless days.

No ray is dimmed, no atom worn,My oldest force is good as new,And the fresh rose on yonder thornGives back the bending heavens in dew.

Words in this poem

gibbous a.
Swelling by a regular curve or surface; protuberant; convex; as, the moon is gibbous between the half-moon and the full moon. [Cf. F. gibbeux. See Gibbose.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
wrote v. i.
To root with the snout. See 1st Root. [OE. wroten. See 1st Root.]
saurian a.
Of or pertaining to, or of the nature of, the Sauria.
piled a.
Having a pile or point; pointed. [From 2d Pile.]
glorious a.
Exhibiting attributes, qualities, or acts that are worthy of or receive glory; noble; praiseworthy; excellent; splendid; illustrious; inspiring admiration; as, glorious deeds. [OF. glorios, glorious, F. glorieux, fr. L. gloriosus. See Glory, n.]
boreal a.
Northern; pertaining to the north, or to the north wind; as, a boreal bird; a boreal blast. [L. borealis: cf. F. boréal. See Boreas.]
forthright adv.
Straight forward; in a straight direction. Sir P. [Forth, adv. + right, adv.]
manger n.
A trough or open box in which fodder is placed for horses or cattle to eat. [F. mangeoire, fr. manger to eat, fr. L. manducare, fr. mandere to chew. Cf. Mandible, Manducate.]
starry a.
Abounding with stars; adorned with stars.
countless a.
Incapable of being counted; not ascertainable; innumerable.
yonder adv.
At a distance, but within view. [OE. yonder, ýonder; cf. OD. ginder, Goth. jaindr there. Yond, adv.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Song of Nature is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems Household Edition, Project Gutenberg ebook #12843; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Ralph Waldo Emerson, Song of Nature, in Poems (1847), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #12843, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/emerson-poems/song-of-nature.html, id L07467.

Form and metre

Song of Nature is 84 lines in 21 stanzas of 4 lines each. The metre is common measure, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 88%). 92% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 7.4 syllables. 25 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 18% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in common measure.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 2 -A-A glory · songA · torrent · strongA
  2. 3 -A-A tallies · fillA · life · stillA
  3. 4 A-A- powersA · centuries · flowersA · miss
  4. 5 -A-A summers · wellA · stars · fellA
  5. 6 -A-A characters · scrollA · sea · coalA
  6. 7 ABAB ringsA · drewB · thingsA · anewB
  7. 8 -A-A carnival · flowerA · forms · powerA
  8. 9 ABAB surveyorsA · wellB · layersA · shellB
  9. 10 -A-A glorious · whileA · harbinger · smileA
  10. 11 -A-A upward · rollA · born · wholeA
  11. 12 ABAB runA · westB · sunA · restB
  12. 13 -A-A doffing · fadesA · snow · cascadesA
  13. 14 -A-A races · playedA · pomp · shadeA
  14. 15 -A-A him · waitA · squadrons · gateA
  15. 16 -A-A image · handA · night · sandA
  16. 17 -A-A manger · streamA · nile · academeA
  17. 19 -A-A more · againA · elements · painA
  18. 21 ABAB wornA · newB · thornA · dewB
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against common measure. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Mine are the night and morning,7·····/˘
The pits of air, the gulf of space,8········
The sportive sun, the gibbous moon,8·/˘··/˘·
The innumerable days.7·˘/˘˘˘·
I hide in the solar glory,8····/˘/˘
I am dumb in the pealing song,8·····/˘·
I rest on the pitch of the torrent,9·······/˘
In slumber I am strong.6·/˘···
No numbers have counted my tallies,9·/˘·/˘·/˘
No tribes my house can fill,6······
I sit by the shining Fount of Life9····/˘···
And pour the deluge still;6···/˘·
And ever by delicate powers9·/˘·/˘˘/˘
Gathering along the centuries9/˘˘˘/·/˘˘
From race on race the rarest flowers,9·····/˘/˘
My wreath shall nothing miss.6···/˘·
And many a thousand summers8·/˘·/˘/˘
My gardens ripened well,7·/˘/˘˘·
And light from meliorating stars8········
With firmer glory fell.6·/˘/˘·
I wrote the past in characters8·····/˘˘
Of rock and fire the scroll,7···/˘··
The building in the coral sea,8·/˘··/˘·
The planting of the coal.6·/˘···
And thefts from satellites and rings8···/˘···
And broken stars I drew,6·/˘···
And out of spent and aged things7·······
I formed the world anew;7··˘··˘/
What time the gods kept carnival,8·····/˘˘
Tricked out in star and flower,8·˘····/˘
And in cramp elf and saurian forms9·····/˘˘·
They swathed their too much power.8··˘···/˘
Time and Thought were my surveyors,8·····˘/˘
They laid their courses well,6···/˘·
They boiled the sea, and piled the layers9·······/˘
Of granite, marl and shell.6·/˘···
But he, the man-child glorious,--8·····/˘˘
Where tarries he the while?6·/˘···
The rainbow shines his harbinger,8·/···/˘˘
The sunset gleams his smile.6·/····
My boreal lights leap upward,8·/˘˘··/˘
Forthright my planets roll,6//·/˘·
And still the man-child is not born,8········
The summit of the whole.6·/˘···
Must time and tide forever run?8····˘/˘·
Will never my winds go sleep in the west?9·/·······
Will never my wheels which whirl the sun8·/······
And satellites have rest?6·/˘···
Too much of donning and doffing,8···/˘·/˘
Too slow the rainbow fades,6···/··
I weary of my robe of snow,8·/˘·····
My leaves and my cascades;6····˘/
I tire of globes and races,8·/˘···/˘
Too long the game is played;7······˘
What without him is summer's pomp,8·····/˘·
Or winter's frozen shade?6·/˘/˘·
I travail in pain for him,7·˘/····
My creatures travail and wait;7·/˘˘/··
His couriers come by squadrons,8·/˘˘··/˘
He comes not to the gate.6······
Twice I have moulded an image,8···/˘·/˘
And thrice outstretched my hand,7··˘/˘··
Made one of day and one of night8········
And one of the salt sea-sand.7·······
One in a Judaean manger,7·····/˘
And one by Avon stream,6···/˘·
One over against the mouths of Nile,8········
And one in the Academe.7····/˘·
I moulded kings and saviors,7·/˘··/˘
And bards o'er kings to rule;--6······
But fell the starry influence short,8···/˘/˘·
The cup was never full.6···/˘·
Yet whirl the glowing wheels once more,8···/˘···
And mix the bowl again;6····˘/
Seethe, Fate! the ancient elements,8···/˘/˘˘
Heat, cold, wet, dry, and peace, and pain.8········
Let war and trade and creeds and song8········
Blend, ripen race on race,6·/˘···
The sunburnt world a man shall breed8········
Of all the zones and countless days.8·····/˘·
No ray is dimmed, no atom worn,8·····/˘·
My oldest force is good as new,8·/˘·····
And the fresh rose on yonder thorn8·····/˘·
Gives back the bending heavens in dew.9···/˘/˘··

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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